Ground Freezing 1980

Preface

Session A: Mechanical Properties and Processes

Chairman's Report

State-of-the-Art Report. Ground Freezing: Mechanical Properties, Processes and Design

Proposed Method for Reference Tests on Frozen Soil

Strain Rate, Temperature, and Sample Size Effects on Compression and Tensile Properties of Frozen Sand

Mechanical Properties of Frozen Coarse-Grained Soils

Strength of Frozen Soils as a Function of Ice Content and Dry Unit Weight

Laboratory Determination of Strength Properties of Frozen Salt Marine Clay

Uniaxial Creep Tests on a Morainic Material from Switzerland

Deformation Properties of Frozen Soils

Overconsolidation Effects of Ground Freezing

Session B: Thermal Properties, Processes and Design

Chairman's Report

State-of-the-Art Report. Ground Freezing: Thermal Properties, Modelling of Processes and Thermal Design

Unfrozen Water Contents of Submarine Permafrost Determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

The Influence of Cyclic Freezing—Thawing on Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics of the Clay Soil

Heat and Mass Flow Associated with a Freezing Front

The Engineering-Physical Basis of Temperature Regime Regulation of Ground Massifs in Northern Construction

Optimization of the Freeze Pipe Arrangement and the Necessary Refrigeration Plant Capacity by a FEM Computer Program

Thermal Design of Artificial Soil Freezing Systems

Brine Substitute Liquids for Soil Freezing at Very Low Temperatures

Session C: Frost Action in Soils

Chairman's Report

State-of-the-Art Report. Frost Action in Soils

Irreversible Thermodynamic Treatment of Frost Heave

Location of Segregated Ice in Frost-Susceptible Soil

Upper Limit of Heaving Pressure Derived by Pore-Water Pressure Measurements of Partially Frozen Soil

Horizontal Frost Heave Thrust Acted on Buttress Constructions

Developments and Applications of Frost Susceptibility Testing

An Attempt at a New Formulation of the Criteria of Frost Heave

Heaving Conditions by Freezing of Soils

Session D: Design and Case Histories

Chairman's Report

State-of-the-Art Report. Engineering Practice in Artificial Ground Freezing

The Artificial Freezing and Cooling of Soils at Construction Sites

Engineering Quality Assurance for Construction Ground Freezing

The Duisburg Method of Metro-Construction, a Successful Application of the Gap Freezing Method

Ground Freezing — The Application of the Mixed Method (Brine—Liquid Nitrogen)

The Driving of Metro Tunnels at Helsinki with the Aid of Ground Freezing

A New Concept for Sinking Freeze Shafts into Great Depths

A Model Tank Test Using Artificial Ground Freezing — with an In-Ground LNG Storage Tank in View

Closing Comments

Announcement