Gray's Basic Anatomy

1 The Body
What is anatomy?
How can gross anatomy be studied?
Important anatomical terms
Imaging
Diagnostic imaging techniques
Image interpretation
Plain radiography
Computed tomography
Magnetic resonance imaging
Nuclear medicine imaging
Safety in imaging
Body systems
Skeletal system
Cartilage
Bone
Joints
Skin and fascias
Skin
Fascia
Muscular system
Cardiovascular system
Lymphatic system
Lymphatic vessels
Lymph nodes
Lymphatic trunks and ducts
Nervous system
Central nervous system
Functional subdivisions of the CNS
Other systems

2 Back
Regional anatomy
Skeletal framework
Vertebrae
Intervertebral foramina
Posterior spaces between vertebral arches
Curvatures of vertebral column
Joints
Joints between vertebrae in the back
Ligaments
Anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments
Ligamenta flava
Supraspinous ligament and ligamentum nuchae
Interspinous ligaments
Back musculature
Superficial group of back muscles
Intermediate group of back muscles
Deep group of back muscles
Thoracolumbar fascia
Spinal cord
Vasculature
Meninges
Arrangement of structures in the vertebral canal
Spinal nerves

3 Thorax
Regional anatomy
Pectoral region
Breast
Muscles of the pectoral region
Thoracic wall
Superior thoracic aperture
Inferior thoracic aperture
Skeletal framework
Intercostal spaces
Diaphragm
Venous drainage
Innervation
Movements of the thoracic wall and diaphragm during breathing
Pleural cavities
Pleura
Lungs
Mediastinum
Anterior mediastinum
Middle mediastinum
Superior mediastinum
Posterior mediastinum

4 Abdomen
Regional anatomy
Surface topography
Four-quadrant pattern
Nine-region pattern
Abdominal wall
Superficial fascia
Anterolateral muscles
Extraperitoneal fascia
Peritoneum
Innervation
Arterial supply and venous drainage
Lymphatic drainage
Groin
Inguinal canal
Abdominal viscera
Peritoneum
Peritoneal cavity
Organs
Arterial supply to the gastrointestinal tract
Venous drainage
Lymphatics
Innervation
Posterior abdominal region
Posterior abdominal wall
Viscera
Vasculature
Lymphatic system
Nervous system in the posterior abdominal region
Sympathetic trunks and splanchnic nerves
5 Pelvis and Perineum
Regional anatomy
Pelvis
Bones
Joints
Orientation
Differences between men and women
True pelvis
Viscera
Fascia
Peritoneum
Nerves
Blood vessels
Lymphatics
Perineum
Borders and ceiling
Ischio-anal fossae and their anterior recesses
Anal triangle
Urogenital triangle
Somatic nerves
Visceral nerves
Blood vessels
Veins
Lymphatics

6 Lower Limb
Regional anatomy
The hip
Bony pelvis
Proximal femur
Hip joint
Gateways to the lower limb
Nerves
Arteries
Veins
Lymphatics
Deep fascia and the saphenous opening
Femoral triangle
Gluteal region
Muscles
Nerves
Arteries
Veins
Lymphatics
Thigh
Bones
Muscles
Arteries
Veins
Nerves
Knee joint
Tibiofibular joint
Popliteal fossa
Leg
Bones
Joints
Posterior compartment of leg
Lateral compartment of leg
Anterior compartment of leg
Foot
Bones
Joints
Tarsal tunnel, retinacula, and arrangement of major structures at the ankle
Arches of the foot
Plantar aponeurosis
Fibrous sheaths of toes
Extensor hoods
Intrinsic muscles
Arteries
Veins
Nerves

7 Upper Limb
Regional anatomy
Shoulder
Bones
Joints
Muscles
Posterior scapular region
Gateways to the posterior scapular region
Nerves
Arteries and veins
Axilla
Axillary inlet
Anterior wall
Medial wall
Lateral wall
Posterior wall
Gateways in the posterior wall
Floor
Contents of the axilla
Arm
Bones
Muscles
Nerves
Arteries and veins
Elbow joint
Cubital fossa
Forearm
Bones
Joints
Anterior compartment of the forearm
Muscles
Arteries and veins
Nerves
Posterior compartment of the forearm
Muscles
Arteries and veins
Nerves
Hand
Bones
Joints
Carpal tunnel and structures at the wrist
Palmar aponeurosis
Anatomical snuffbox
Fibrous digital sheaths
Extensor hoods
Muscles
Arteries and veins
Nerves

8 Head and Neck
Regional anatomy
Head
Neck
Skull
Anterior view
Lateral view
Posterior view
Superior view
Inferior view
Cranial cavity
Roof
Floor
Meninges
Cranial dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
Meningeal spaces
Brain and its blood supply
Brain
Blood supply
Venous drainage
Cranial nerves
Olfactory nerve [I]
Optic nerve [II]
Oculomotor nerve [III]
Trochlear nerve [IV]
Trigeminal nerve [V]
Ophthalmic nerve [V1]
Maxillary nerve [V2]
Mandibular nerve [V3]
Abducent nerve [VI]
Facial nerve [VII]
Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII]
Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]
Vagus nerve [X]
Accessory nerve [XI]
Hypoglossal nerve [XII]
Face
Muscles
Parotid gland
Innervation
Vessels
Scalp
Layers
Innervation
Vessels
Lymphatic drainage
Orbit
Bony orbit
Eyelids
Lacrimal apparatus
Sensory innervation
Fissures and foramina
Fascial specializations
Muscles
Vessels
Innervation
Eyeball
Ear
External ear
Middle ear
Internal ear
Temporal and infratemporal fossae
Bony framework
Temporomandibular joints
Masseter muscle
Temporal fossa
Infratemporal fossa
Pterygopalatine fossa
Skeletal framework
Gateways
Contents
Neck
Fascia
Superficial venous drainage
Anterior triangle of the neck
Posterior triangle of the neck
Root of the neck
Pharynx
Skeletal framework
Pharyngeal wall
Fascia
Gaps in the pharyngeal wall and structures passing through them
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Tonsils
Vessels
Nerves
Larynx
Laryngeal cartilages
Extrinsic ligaments
Intrinsic ligaments
Laryngeal joints
Cavity of the larynx
Intrinsic muscles
Function of the larynx
Vessels
Nerves
Nasal cavities
Lateral wall
Regions
Skeletal framework
External nose
Paranasal sinuses
Walls, floor, and roof
Nares
Choanae
Gateways
Vessels
Innervation
Oral cavity
Skeletal framework
Walls: the cheeks Floor
Salivary glands
Roof—palate
Oral fissure and lips
Oropharyngeal isthmus
Teeth and gingivae

9 Neuroanatomy (e-only)
Jennifer M. McBride, PhD
Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
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