Gray's Anatomy
The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice
- 43rd Edition - November 6, 2025
- Latest edition
- Editors: Susan Standring, Shane R. Tubbs
- Language: English
First published in 1858, and in continual publication since that date, Gray’s Anatomy has been trusted by generations of clinicians around the world as the pre-eminent anatomi… Read more
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First published in 1858, and in continual publication since that date, Gray’s Anatomy has been trusted by generations of clinicians around the world as the pre-eminent anatomical reference book.
Building on this tradition of excellence and authority, the 43rd edition of Gray’s Anatomy has been meticulously revised and updated by world-leading anatomists, scientists and surgeons, to provide unrivalled, evidence-based coverage of regional anatomy, neuroanatomy, cell biology, embryogenesis and development. A systems-based perspective is provided via additional chapters in the accompanying eBook.
Succinct text, lavish illustrations, stunning photos and modern medical imaging are combined with an enhanced range of supplementary electronic materials to create a complete, integrated package, in an attractive, accessible format. Gray’s Anatomy 43e provides new insights, plus the depth, relevance and accuracy that readers have come to expect from this renowned publication.
Building on this tradition of excellence and authority, the 43rd edition of Gray’s Anatomy has been meticulously revised and updated by world-leading anatomists, scientists and surgeons, to provide unrivalled, evidence-based coverage of regional anatomy, neuroanatomy, cell biology, embryogenesis and development. A systems-based perspective is provided via additional chapters in the accompanying eBook.
Succinct text, lavish illustrations, stunning photos and modern medical imaging are combined with an enhanced range of supplementary electronic materials to create a complete, integrated package, in an attractive, accessible format. Gray’s Anatomy 43e provides new insights, plus the depth, relevance and accuracy that readers have come to expect from this renowned publication.
- Each chapter has been updated by international field leaders to cover the evidence-based, clinically relevant anatomy that underpins safe and effective practice
- Features the latest radiological images, including high-resolution X-ray, multiplanar CT and MRI views, using state-of-the-art cinematic rendering for clarity and improved understanding
- Acclaimed Gray’s artwork further honed to enhance consistency, clarity and anatomical precision
- The printed book comes with the complete, enhanced eBook – including additional text, Tables and illustrations, two chapters on the systemic anatomy of the peripheral nervous system and the vascular and lymphatic systems, 2D and 3D videos, an annotated list of eponyms, and many specially commissioned ’Commentaries’ discussing new and emerging topics related to clinical anatomy
Surgeons in all specialties, anesthesiologists, radiologists, dentists, physical therapists, anatomists, neuroanatomists/neurobiologists, radiographers, podiatrists, chiropodists, embryologists, histologists
SECTION 1: Cells, Tissues and Systems
1. Basic structure and function of cells
2. Integrating cells into tissues
3. Nervous system
4. Blood, lymphoid tissues and haemopoiesis
5. Functional anatomy of the musculoskeletal system
6. Smooth muscle and the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
7. Skin and its appendages
SECTION 2: Embryogenesis and Development
8. Preimplantation development
9. Implantation and placentation
10. Cell populations at gastrulation
11. Overarching concepts in development
12. Cell populations at the start of organogenesis
13. Development of the heart and circulation
14. Development of the nervous system
15. Development of the skin and appendages
16. Development of the eye
17. Development of the ear
18. Development of the head and neck
19. Development of the back
20. Development of the limbs
21. Development of lungs, thorax and diaphragm
22. Development of the peritoneal cavity, gastrointestinal tract and its adnexae
23. Development of the urogenital system
24. Pre- and postnatal growth and the neonate
SECTION 3: Neuroanatomy
25. Overview of the nervous system
26. Autonomic nervous system
27. Ventricular system
28. Vasculature of the brain
29. Spinal cord
30. Brainstem
31. Cerebellum
32. Diencephalon
33. Basal ganglia
34. Cerebral hemispheres
SECTION 4: Head and Neck
35. Head and neck: overview and surface anatomy
36. Skull
37. Intracranial region
38. Neck
39. Face and scalp
40. Mouth
41. Infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae and temporomandibular joint
42. Nose, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
43. Pharynx
44. Larynx
45. External and middle ear
46. Internal ear
47. Orbit and accessory visual apparatus
48. Eye
SECTION 5: Back
49. Back
50. Spinal cord and spinal nerves: gross anatomy
SECTION 6: Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limb
51. Pectoral girdle and upper limb: overview and surface anatomy
52. Shoulder girdle and arm
53. Elbow and forearm
54. Wrist and hand
SECTION 7: Thorax
55. Thorax: overview and surface anatomy
56. Thoracic wall and breast
57. Pleura, lungs, trachea and bronchi
58. Diaphragm and phrenic nerves
59. Mediastinum
60. Heart
61. Great and major systemic blood vessels
SECTION 8: Abdomen and Pelvis
62. Abdomen and pelvis: overview and surface anatomy
63. Anterolateral abdominal wall
64. Posterior abdominal wall and retroperitoneum
65. Mesentery, peritoneum and peritoneal cavity
66. Abdominal oesophagus and stomach
67. Small intestine
68. Large intestine
69. Liver
70. Gallbladder and biliary tree
71. Pancreas
72. Spleen
73. Suprarenal gland
74. Lesser pelvis and perineum
75. Kidney and ureter
76. Urinary bladder, prostate and urethra
77. Male reproductive system
78. Female reproductive system
SECTION 9: Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb
79. Pelvic girdle and lower limb: overview and surface anatomy
80. Pelvic girdle, hip, gluteal region and thigh
81. Knee and leg
82. Ankle and foot Systemic anatomy
83. The systemic anatomy of the peripheral nervous system
84. The systemic anatomy of the vascular and lymphatic systems
1. Basic structure and function of cells
2. Integrating cells into tissues
3. Nervous system
4. Blood, lymphoid tissues and haemopoiesis
5. Functional anatomy of the musculoskeletal system
6. Smooth muscle and the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
7. Skin and its appendages
SECTION 2: Embryogenesis and Development
8. Preimplantation development
9. Implantation and placentation
10. Cell populations at gastrulation
11. Overarching concepts in development
12. Cell populations at the start of organogenesis
13. Development of the heart and circulation
14. Development of the nervous system
15. Development of the skin and appendages
16. Development of the eye
17. Development of the ear
18. Development of the head and neck
19. Development of the back
20. Development of the limbs
21. Development of lungs, thorax and diaphragm
22. Development of the peritoneal cavity, gastrointestinal tract and its adnexae
23. Development of the urogenital system
24. Pre- and postnatal growth and the neonate
SECTION 3: Neuroanatomy
25. Overview of the nervous system
26. Autonomic nervous system
27. Ventricular system
28. Vasculature of the brain
29. Spinal cord
30. Brainstem
31. Cerebellum
32. Diencephalon
33. Basal ganglia
34. Cerebral hemispheres
SECTION 4: Head and Neck
35. Head and neck: overview and surface anatomy
36. Skull
37. Intracranial region
38. Neck
39. Face and scalp
40. Mouth
41. Infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae and temporomandibular joint
42. Nose, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
43. Pharynx
44. Larynx
45. External and middle ear
46. Internal ear
47. Orbit and accessory visual apparatus
48. Eye
SECTION 5: Back
49. Back
50. Spinal cord and spinal nerves: gross anatomy
SECTION 6: Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limb
51. Pectoral girdle and upper limb: overview and surface anatomy
52. Shoulder girdle and arm
53. Elbow and forearm
54. Wrist and hand
SECTION 7: Thorax
55. Thorax: overview and surface anatomy
56. Thoracic wall and breast
57. Pleura, lungs, trachea and bronchi
58. Diaphragm and phrenic nerves
59. Mediastinum
60. Heart
61. Great and major systemic blood vessels
SECTION 8: Abdomen and Pelvis
62. Abdomen and pelvis: overview and surface anatomy
63. Anterolateral abdominal wall
64. Posterior abdominal wall and retroperitoneum
65. Mesentery, peritoneum and peritoneal cavity
66. Abdominal oesophagus and stomach
67. Small intestine
68. Large intestine
69. Liver
70. Gallbladder and biliary tree
71. Pancreas
72. Spleen
73. Suprarenal gland
74. Lesser pelvis and perineum
75. Kidney and ureter
76. Urinary bladder, prostate and urethra
77. Male reproductive system
78. Female reproductive system
SECTION 9: Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb
79. Pelvic girdle and lower limb: overview and surface anatomy
80. Pelvic girdle, hip, gluteal region and thigh
81. Knee and leg
82. Ankle and foot Systemic anatomy
83. The systemic anatomy of the peripheral nervous system
84. The systemic anatomy of the vascular and lymphatic systems
Review of the previous edition:
"There is no book to compare to Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. This is a unique, all-encompassing treatise on the anatomy of the human body and the clinical relationship of structure to function. Its continual evolution embracing new information and diagnostic techniques will keep this book forever relevant and at the apex of anatomical publications." --© Doody’s Review Service, 2021, Brian R. MacPherson, PhD (University of Kentucky College of Medicine) Score: 100-5 Stars!
"There is no book to compare to Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. This is a unique, all-encompassing treatise on the anatomy of the human body and the clinical relationship of structure to function. Its continual evolution embracing new information and diagnostic techniques will keep this book forever relevant and at the apex of anatomical publications." --© Doody’s Review Service, 2021, Brian R. MacPherson, PhD (University of Kentucky College of Medicine) Score: 100-5 Stars!
- Edition: 43
- Latest edition
- Published: November 6, 2025
- Language: English
SS
Susan Standring
Affiliations and expertise
Emeritus Professor of Anatomy, King’s College London, London, UK, Anatomy Development Tutor for Royal College of Surgeons, UK and past President of Anatomy Society of Great Britain and IrelandST
Shane R. Tubbs
Dr. R. Shane Tubbs is Neurosurgery Professor; Structural & Cellular Biology Professor and Anatomical Research Director, CNRC; Surgical Anatomy Director at Tulane School of Medicine His “reverse translational anatomy” lab works researches clinical/surgical problems through anatomical studies. This investigative paradigm has resulted in over 1,500 peer reviewed publications. Dr. Tubbs’ lab has made novel discoveries in human anatomy and many anatomical feasibility studies from his lab have been used by surgeons from around the world. He has been a visiting professor to major institutions in the U.S. and worldwide. Dr. Tubbs has authored/edited over 50 books including Gray’s Anatomy Review, Gray’s Clinical Photographic Dissector of the Human Body, Netter’s Introduction to Clinical Procedures, Anatomy for Plastic Surgery of the Face, Head, and Neck, Nerves and Nerve Injuries, A History of Human Anatomy, and Bergman’s Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation. He is an editor for the 41st and 42nd editions of Gray’s Anatomy, the 5th through 7th editions of Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy and is the editor-in-chief of the journal Clinical Anatomy, which is the official journal of the American and British Associations of Clinical Anatomists. Dr. Tubbs was recently named chair of the Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminologies.
Affiliations and expertise
Clinical anatomist and Professor of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Director of Surgical Anatomy at Tulane School of Medicine