Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology Essentials
- 2nd Edition - October 31, 2018
- Latest edition
- Authors: Lee A. Grant, Nyree Griffin
- Language: English
With up-to-date, easy-access coverage of every aspect of diagnostic radiology, Grainger and Allison’s Diagnostic Radiology Essentials, 2nd Edition, is an ideal review and refer… Read more
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With up-to-date, easy-access coverage of every aspect of diagnostic radiology, Grainger and Allison’s Diagnostic Radiology Essentials, 2nd Edition, is an ideal review and reference for radiologists in training and in practice. This comprehensive overview of fundamental information in the field prepares you for exams and answers the practical questions you encounter every day. In a single, convenient volume, this one-stop resource is derived from, and cross-referenced to, the renowned authoritative reference work Grainger & Allison’s Diagnostic Radiology, 6th Edition.
- Concentrates on the subjects that general diagnostic radiologists need to know , covering all diagnostic imaging modalities and organized by organ and system.
- Uses a concise, highly templated, bulleted format that helps you find the answers you need quickly and easily.
- Features more than 2,000 high-quality images, including plain film, CT, MRI, and ultrasound.
- Presents images directly linked to relevant text on the facing page – no flipping back and forth to review the key radiological features of disease entities.
- Features a new section on interventional radiology that covers interventional vascular radiology techniques, cross sectional angiography, specific drainage techniques, tumor ablation principles, and intervention in hepatobiliary, genitourinary and gynecological conditions.
- Contains a new section on functional imaging which includes both MRI (diffusion weighted imaging and perfusion MRI) and PETCT.
- Includes diagnostic "pearls" that help you avoid pitfalls and errors in diagnosis.
- Includes a useful Appendix with many quick-reference items that are hard to remember but essential in day-to-day practice. New content includes intravascular contrast media, anticoagulation agents and sedation, the latest TNM 8th edition of staging cancers, and new section on PI-RADS and BI-RADS.
- Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
CONTENTS
Preface xi
Dedication 1
Acknowledgements 1
1 Chest
1.1 Chest wall and pleura 4
Chest wall: bony and soft tissue lesions 4
Diseases of the pleura 8
Pleural effusion 12
Pneumothorax 14
Diaphragmatic hernia/eventration 16
1.2 Mediastinum 18
Mediastinitis 18
Anterior mediastinal masses 20
Middle mediastinal masses 26
Posterior mediastinal masses 32
Miscellaneous mediastinal masses 34
Pericardial conditions 36
1.3 Pulmonary infection 38
Lobar pneumonia 38
Bronchopneumonia, anaerobic and atypical pneumonia 40
Pulmonary tuberculosis 42
Fungal infections 44
Metazoal and protozoal diseases 48
Pulmonary complications of HIV infection 50
1.4 Large airway disease 52
Tracheal disorders 52
Bronchiectasis 56
Congenital airway disorders 58
Emphysema 60
Chronic bronchitis and asthma 62
Miscellaneous airway disorders 64
1.5 Pulmonary lobar collapse 66
Mechanisms and radiographic appearances 66
Patterns of lobar collapse 68
1.6 Pulmonary neoplasms 72
Evaluation of the solitary pulmonary nodule 72
Lung cancer: radiological features 74
Lung cancer: pearls 76
Lymphoproliferative disorders 78
Benign pulmonary tumours 80
Miscellaneous pulmonary malignancies 82
1.7 High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) 84
Hrct patterns of diffuse lung disease 84
Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias 86
Sarcoidosis 90
Connective tissue diseases 92
Systemic vasculitides 98
Drug-Induced lung disease 100
Silicosis/coal workers’ pneumoconiosis 102
Asbestos-related disease 104
Miscellaneous interstitial lung diseases 106
1.8 Chest trauma 110
Chest wall and lung trauma 110
Trauma to the diaphragm 112
Mediastinal trauma 114
1.9 Airspace disease 116
Airspace disease 116
1.10 Paediatric chest 122
Congenital chest abnormalities 122
Causes of neonatal respiratory distress 128
Normal paediatric chest and problems with mechanical ventilation 132
1.11 Miscellaneous itu chest conditions 134
Lung transplantation 134
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 136
Itu chest imaging 138
2 Cardiovascular System 143
2.1 Congenital heart disease (introduction) Introduction 144
Cyanotic congenital heart disease 146
Acyanotic congenital heart disease 156
Anomalies of the aortic arch (vascular rings) 158
Septal defects 160
Acyanotic heart disease 162
Other anomalies 164
2.2 Non-ischaemic acquired heart disease 166
Acquired mitral valve disease 166
Acquired aortic valve disease 168
Tricuspid and pulmonary valve disease 170
Cardiomyopathies 174
Cardiac tumours 178
Cardiac trauma 180
2.3 Pulmonary circulation and Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) and thromboembolism 182
Pulmonary thromboembolic disease 182
Pulmonary vascular patterns 186
2.4 The aorta
192Aortic rupture 192
Aortic dissection 194
Aortic aneurysms 198
Mid-aortic syndrome and takaysu’s disease of the
aorta 202
Aortic occlusive disease 204
2.5 Peripheral vascular disease
210Gastrointestinal vascular disorders 210
Carotid artery stenosis 212
Peripheral vascular disease of the lower
extremities 214
Disorders of the venous system 216
Miscellaneous vascular disorders 218
2.6 Ischaemic heart disease
220Conventional coronary angiography and
echocardiography 220
Ct imaging in ischaemic heart disease 222
Mr imaging in ischaemic heart disease 224
Nuclear cardiac imaging 226
Manifestations of atheromatous coronary artery
disease 230
3 Gastrointestinal
2363.1 Oesophagus
238Hiatus hernia and reflux 238
Oesophagitis and benign strictures 240
Benign and malignant oesophageal tumours 242
Oesophageal carcinoma 244
Oesophageal dysmotility disorders 248
Miscellaneous oesophageal conditions 250
3.2 Stomach
252Benign gastric ulcers 252
Gastritis 254
Benign and malignant gastric tumours 258
Gastric carcinoma 260
Gastric surgery 264
Miscellaneous gastric conditions 266
3.3 Duodenum
270Peptic ulceration, gastric heterotopia, duodenal
diverticula 270
Benign and malignant duodenal tumours 272
Miscellaneous duodenal conditions 274
3.4 Small bowel
276Crohn’s disease (CD) 276
Infections/infestations of the small bowel 278
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) and
carcinoid tumours 280
Benign and malignant small bowel tumours 282
Causes of small bowel obstruction 284
Miscellaneous small bowel disorders 286
3.5 Colon
292Ulcerative colitis and toxic megacolon 292
Colitis 294
Polyps 296
Polyposis syndromes 298
Colorectal cancer 300
Diverticulosis and large bowel strictures 304
Large bowel obstruction 306
Miscellaneous disorders of the large bowel 308
3.6 Liver
312Anatomy and imaging techniques 312
Benign diffuse liver disease 314
Cirrhosis 316
Benign solid liver lesions 318
Malignant solid liver lesions 326
Hepatic vascular lesions 332
Miscellaneous liver conditions 338
Liver transplantation and interventional
techniques 344
Diffusion-weighted mr imaging of the liver 346
Mr contrast agents and the liver 348
3.7 Biliary
350Methods of investigation 350
Cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis 352
Cholecystitis 354
Miscellaneous gallbladder conditions 356
Benign biliary strictures 358
Malignant biliary tumours 360
Biliary atresia and hypoplasia 362
Miscellaneous bile duct disorders 364
3.8 Pancreas
366Congenital abnormalities 366
Pancreatitis 368
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma 372
Cystic pancreatic tumours 374
Endocrine and islet cell pancreatic tumours 376
Pancreatic trauma, transplant and intervention 378
3.9 Spleen
380Miscellaneous splenic conditions 380
3.10 Peritoneum, mesentery and omentum
382Benign diseases 382
Developmental anomalies of the mesentery 384
Infective/inflammatory conditions of the
mesentery 386
Neoplastic peritoneal/omental disorders 388
Neoplastic mesenteric disorders 390
3.11 Plain abdominal radiograph
392Abnormal gas distribution 392
3.12 Paediatric gastrointestinal disorders
394Abdominal wall defects 394
Gastrointestinal causes of neonatal vomiting 396
Oesophageal atresia (OA) and tracheo-oesophageal
fistula (TOF) 398
Malrotation 400
Delayed passage of meconium 402
Abdominal manifestations of cystic fibrosis 404
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) 406
Anorectal malformations 408
Neuroblastoma (NB) 410
Miscellaneous paediatric gastrointestinal
disorders 412
4 Genitourinary
4154.1 Kidneys
416Renal parenchymal disease 416
Renal tract infection/inflammation 418
Renal artery stenosis (RAS) 424
Renal vascular abnormalities 426
Benign renal masses 430
Renal parenchymal malignancies 432
Other malignancies 434
Transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary
tract 436
Renal failure 438
Renal transplantation: assessment 440
Renal transplantation: postoperative
complications 442
Urolithiasis 444
Methods of imaging in obstruction 446
Dilatation of the urinary tract 448
Upper urinary tract trauma 450
4.2 Bladder
454Miscellaneous bladder conditions 454
Bladder tumours 456
Lower urinary tract trauma 458
4.3 Prostate
460Prostate: benign disorders 460
Carcinoma of the prostate 462
Prostate anatomy and imaging 464
4.4 Urethra
466Urethra: benign disorders 466
Tumours of the urethra 468
4.5 Male reproductive system
470Cryptorchidism and testicular torsion 470
Primary testicular malignancies 472
Miscellaneous scrotal lesions 474
Miscellaneous penile conditions 476
4.6 Paediatric genitourinary disorders
478Duplex kidney 478
Congenital renal anomalies 480
Congenital renal cystic disease 484
Childhood renal malignancies 488
Paediatric pelvic and scrotal malignancies 492
5 Musculoskeletal System
4945.1 Skeletal trauma
496Introduction 496
Assessment of cervical spine injuries 498
Spinal injuries 500
Shoulder injuries 506
Upper extremity injuries 512
Carpal bone injuries 514
Wrist and hand injuries 518
Pelvic injuries 520
Hip injuries 522
Avascular necrosis of the hip 526
Knee and lower leg fractures 528
Knee soft tissue injuries 532
Ankle injuries 536
Foot injuries 538
5.2 Paediatric fractures
540Specific paediatric fractures 540
Radiology of non-accidental injury 542
Skeletal and brain injuries in non-accidental
injury 544
5.3 Soft tissue imaging
550Localized calcification and ossification 550
Generalized soft tissue calcification 552
Soft tissue masses 554
5.4 General characteristics of bone tumours
558General characteristics of bone tumours 558
5.5 Benign bone tumours
560Chondroid origin 560
Osteoid origin 564
Osteoid origin/tumours of neural tissue 566
Cystic lesions 568
Giant cell tumour/lipomatous bone lesions 570
Fibrous origin 572
Vascular origin 574
Miscellaneous bone lesions 576
5.6 Malignant bone tumours
580Chondroid origin 580
Osteosarcoma 582
Other varieties of osteosarcoma 584
Fibrous origin 586
Medullary origin 588
Miscellaneous malignant bone tumours 590
Bone metastases 592
5.7 Metabolic and endocrine skeletal disease
594Osteoporosis 594
Vitamin D deficiency 596
Endocrine bone disorders 598
Metabolic bone disorders 602
5.8 Joint disease
610Introduction 610
Osteoarthritis 612
Haemophilic and neuropathic arthropathies 614
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis and dish 616
Rheumatoid arthritis 618
Seronegative spondyloarthropathy 620
Depositional arthropathy 624
Polyarthritis associated with other diseases 630
5.9 Bone and soft tissue infection
636Acute osteomyelitis 636
Chronic osteomyelitis 638
Miscellaneous bone and soft tissue infections 642
5.10 Congenital skeletal anomalies
646Developmental skeletal anomalies 646
Selected osteochondrodysplasias 648
Localized disorders of the skeleton 658
Haemoglobinopathies 662
5.11 Myeloproliferative disorders
666Reticuloendothelial disorders 666
White cell disorders 668
Plasma cell dyscrasias 670
6 Women’s Imaging
6756.1 Breast
676Introduction 676
Benign mass lesions 678
Microcalcifications 682
Invasive breast carcinoma 684
Contrast-enhanced MRI in breast cancer 688
6.2 Gynaecology
690Imaging techniques in gynaecology 690
Congenital anomalies of the female genital tract 692
Benign uterine conditions 694
Endometrial carcinoma 698
Carcinoma of the cervix 700
Benign ovarian tumours 702
Endometriosis, polycystic ovaries and physiological
ovarian cysts 704
Ovarian carcinoma 706
Miscellaneous gynaecological conditions 710
7 Neuroradiology
7147.1 Intracranial tumours
716Imaging techniques and general features 716
Classification of intracranial tumours 718
Gliomas 720
Infratentorial tumours 724
Supratentorial tumours 730
Extra-axial tumours 732
Meningioma and skull base tumours 734
Cerebral and meningeal metastases 736
Intraventricular tumours 738
Pituitary region tumours 740
Pineal region tumours 744
7.2 Cerebrovascular disease and non-traumatic
haemorrhage
746Cerebral ischaemia 746
Other patterns of cerebrovascular disease 750
Carotid and vertebral artery dissection 754
Non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage 756
Cerebral artery aneurysms 758
Arteriovenous malformations 760
7.3 Brain infection, aids and demyelinating
diseases
762Intracranial infection 762
Hiv infection and aids 768
Demyelinating and inflammatory disorders 772
7.4 Brain trauma, degenerative disorders and
epilepsy
776Head injury 776
Primary and secondary cerebral injury 778
Dementias and epilepsy 780
Skull bone disease 782
Hydrocephalus 784
7.5 Paediatric neuroradiology
786Cerebellar malformations 786
Chiari malformations 788
Cerebral malformations 790
Malformations of neuronal migration and cortical
organization 792
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) 794
Neurocutaneous syndromes 796
Inborn metabolic brain disorders 798
Congenital skull anomalies 800
Congenital intracranial infections 802
Paediatric meningitis 804
Hypoxic–Ischaemic injury in the developing brain 806
7.6 The spine
808Spinal dysraphism 808
Congenital spinal anomalies 810
Skeletal abnormalities 816
Vascular spinal lesions 818
Spinal tumours 820
Spinal infection 830
Infective/inflammatory disorders of the spine 832
Spinal cord trauma and the postoperative spine 834
Degenerative spinal disease 836
7.7 The orbit
842The orbit 842
Conal and extraconal disorders 846
Intraconal disorders 848
7.8 Ear, nose and throat radiology
856Selected disorders of the ear 856
Nose and paranasal sinuses 858
The nasopharynx 860
Disorders of the oropharynx, larynx and soft tissues of
the neck 862
7.9 Dental radiology
864Mandibular/maxillary cystic lesions 864
Tumours of bone 866
Facial trauma 868
Salivary glands 870
Salivary gland disorders 872
8 Endocrine System
8758.1 Thyroid disorders
876Thyroid cancer 876
Miscellaneous thyroid disorders 880
8.2 Adrenal disorders
882Non-functional adrenal disorders 882
Adrenal hyperfunction 888
9 Lymphoma
8939 Lymphoma
894Lymphoma 894
Lymph node disease in lymphoma 898
Cns lymphoma 900
Pulmonary lymphoma 902
Lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract 904
Musculoskeletal lymphoma 906
Extranodal manifestations of lymphoma 908
Extranodal manifestations of lymphoma 910
Monitoring the response to therapy in lymphoma 912
10 Functional Imaging
91510.1 Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)
91710.2 Functional imaging
91811 Interventional Radiology
92511.1 Interventional vascular radiology
techniques
92611.2 Cross-sectional vascular imaging
93011.3 Specific drainage techniques
93111.4 Principles of tumour ablation
93211.5 Hepatobiliary intervention
93611.6 Genitourinary interventional radiology
94011.7 Woman’s imaging – interventional
radiology
944Obstetric haemorrhage 946
12 Appendices
94912.1 General pearls
95012.2 Anatomy pearls
95812.3 Pearls in musculoskeletal imaging and
pathology
962Pearls in pathology 962
Pearls in musculoskeletal imaging 964
12.4 Patterns of tumour spread
96812.5 Tnm staging of common cancers
974Index 991
- Edition: 2
- Latest edition
- Published: October 31, 2018
- Language: English
LG
Lee A. Grant
After qualifying in medicine in 1996 Dr Grant completed basic surgical training at the Queens Medical Centre in Nottingham prior to working for Pfizer Pharmaceuticals for four years until entry back into specialist training within the NHS. Upon completing his radiology training at Addenbrookes Hospital, including a specialist year at the Royal Marsden Hospital, he was appointed as a consultant radiologist at the Royal Free Hospital in 2010. His areas of sub specialisation include hepatobiliary imaging as well as urological imaging. He is a core member of the hepatobiliary and urological MDT lead radiologist for research activities within the radiology department and co-lead radiologist for cancers of the GU system.
Affiliations and expertise
Consultant Radiologist, The Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, UKNG
Nyree Griffin
Dr Nyree Griffin graduated from the University of Bristol Medical School in 1995 as the Gold Medallist in her year. She was awarded a Doctorate of Medicine (MD) in 2006 from the University of Nottingham for research into the role of phoshodiesterase inhibitors in anal sphincter function. Nyree undertook higher specialist training in radiology at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital between 2002 and 2006. She subsequently completed a one-year cross sectional fellowship at Addenbrooke’s Hospital in Cambridge. She was appointed as the lead consultant gastrointestinal radiologist at Guy’s and St Thomas’ in 2008. Since then she has developed a well-established and high-quality gastrointestinal radiology service.
Affiliations and expertise
Consultant Radiologist, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK