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Global Regulatory Outlook for CRISPRized Plants
- 1st Edition - November 16, 2023
- Editors: Kamel A Abd-Elsalam, Aftab Ahmad
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 8 4 4 4 - 4
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 8 4 4 5 - 1
Global Regulatory Outlook of CRISPRized Plants summarizes CRISPR/Cas systems and applications for precise editing of plant genomes and discusses global regulatory framework… Read more
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Request a sales quoteGlobal Regulatory Outlook of CRISPRized Plants summarizes CRISPR/Cas systems and applications for precise editing of plant genomes and discusses global regulatory frameworks for CRISPR edited crops. While CRISPR technology has become a routine, cheap, and efficient method to generate edited crops with superior traits, how these crops are regulated determines the future of this technology. Understanding the current state of regulation, concerns, issues, and foundations for future decisions are key in determining how this technology is used going forward. This important summary will be vital to the successful commercialization of CRISPR technology and biosafety concerns associated with this technology. The book highlights regulatory classification of CRISPR modifications such as SDN1, SDN2 and SDN3 and their global regulation and discusses the social, ethical, governance, and policy issues related to CRISPR edited crops.
- Presents regulatory frameworks for CRISPR edited crops in the USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, Japan, EU, Africa, and Asia
- Includes a specific chapter on global regulation of genetically engineered crops
- Addresses public perception, social aspects, and ethical concerns that are impacting the commercialization of CRISPR edited crops
Researchers, agri-food environmental scientists and agrochemical companies working in plant science, biology, plant science, microbiology, plant physiology, biotechnology
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- List of contributors
- About the editors
- Preface to the series
- Preface
- Chapter 1. Regulations of genome edited plants: notes from editors
- Abstract
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Genetically modified organisms versus CRISPR-edited crops
- 1.3 Regulation of genetically modified organisms (product based, process based, and plant novel traits)
- 1.4 Regulation and deregulation of CRISPR-edited plants
- 1.5 Aspects of global regulation concerning CRISPR-edited plants
- 1.6 Regulatory challenges: questions need answers
- 1.7 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 2. CRISPR/Cas systems and techniques
- Abstract
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Evolution of CRISPR-Cas technology
- 2.3 Action mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9
- 2.4 CRISPR-Cas systems
- 2.5 Recent advances in CRISPR technology
- 2.6 Important applications
- 2.7 Conclusion and outlook
- Acknowledgment
- References
- Chapter 3. Applications of CRISPR/Cas in plants
- Abstract
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Mechanism of CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing
- 3.3 Application of CRISPR/Cas in plants
- 3.4 Breeding technologies
- 3.5 CRISPR biosafety and regulatory concerns
- 3.6 Conclusions and future outlooks
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 4. Reagents and their delivery systems in CRISPR/Cas
- Abstract
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Delivery via microinjection
- 4.3 Delivery via electroporation
- 4.4 Delivery via hydrodynamic injection
- 4.5 Viral delivery
- 4.6 Nonviral delivery methods
- 4.7 Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 by extracellular vesicles
- 4.8 Other potential and emerging delivery methods for CRISPR/Cas
- 4.9 Future perspectives
- 4.10 Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Chapter 5. Regulatory triggers of CRISPR-edited crops
- Abstract
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Application of CRISPR/Cas
- 5.3 Regulatory classification of CRISPR-based modifications
- 5.4 The regulatory triggers of CRISPR-edited crops
- 5.5 Delivery of CRISPR reagents
- 5.6 Potential risks associated with CRISPR edited crops
- 5.7 Transgene-free CRISPR crops
- 5.8 Worldwide regulations of genome-edited crops
- 5.9 Future perspectives
- References
- Chapter 6. Tracking footprints of CRISPR-based genome editing
- Abstract
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Choice for CRISPR reagents and editing systems
- 6.3 Choice of site-directed nucleases
- 6.4 Selection of reagents and their delivery systems
- 6.5 Mechanism of CRISPR/Cas system
- 6.6 Site-directed nucleases
- 6.7 CRISPR systems and their applications
- 6.8 In silico tracking tools
- 6.9 Postexperiment tools for on and off targets
- 6.10 PCR-based tracking tools
- 6.11 DNA sequencing-based methods
- 6.12 Fluorescence marker-based screening of transgene-free edited plants
- 6.13 Transgene killer CRISPR technology for DNA-free genome editing
- 6.14 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 7. Genetically modified organisms and their regulatory frameworks
- Abstract
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Definition of genetically modified organisms
- 7.3 Genetically modified organism-applicable acts
- 7.4 Risk assessment—human/animal and environmental
- 7.5 Regulatory framework for genetically modified organisms
- 7.6 Stages of approval and monitoring
- 7.7 Labeling of genetically modified organisms and public acceptance
- 7.8 Genetically modified organism regulations for genome-edited organisms
- 7.9 Challenges and future perspectives
- References
- Chapter 8. Regulatory framework of CRISPR-edited crops in the United States
- Abstract
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Regulatory agencies
- 8.3 Current regulation of CRISPR-edited crops
- 8.4 Processes for regulation and potential challenges
- 8.5 Certain gene-edited crops are exempt from regulation
- 8.6 The regulatory status review process
- 8.7 Potential challenges for approval of genome-edited crops
- 8.8 Risk assessment versus safety
- 8.9 Currently approved crops
- 8.10 CRISPR approaches for engineering crops for the future
- 8.11 Global implications of United States–approved CRISPR-edited crops
- 8.12 Future prospects of genome-edited crops
- 8.13 Conclusion
- Disclaimer
- References
- Chapter 9. Regulation of CRISPR-edited plants in Latin America
- Abstract
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Gene-editing tools
- 9.3 CRISPRized plants considered as conventional
- 9.4 CRISPRized plants regulated as genetically modified organisms and countries that banned their use
- 9.5 No specific regulation for genetically edited organisms
- 9.6 Conclusions and future perspectives
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Chapter 10. Regulatory framework for CRISPR-edited crops in Argentina
- Abstract
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 How the regulation is applied?
- 10.3 New breeding technology regulatory experience
- 10.4 Labeling of the products of CRISPR-edited crops in Argentina
- 10.5 International insertion of Argentina’s evaluative approach to CRISPR
- 10.6 Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 11. Regulatory outlook of CRISPR-edited plants in Canada
- Abstract
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 The importance of agriculture and innovation in Canada
- 11.3 The regulation of products of plant biotechnology in Canada
- 11.4 CRISPR applications in Canada
- 11.5 Conclusion: the future of genome editing in Canada
- References
- Chapter 12. Regulatory aspects of plants resulting from new genomic techniques in the European Union
- Abstract
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Background on genetically modified organism regulation in the European Union
- 12.3 Regulatory pathways for genetically modified organisms
- 12.4 Risk assessment
- 12.5 Labeling
- 12.6 Risk management
- 12.7 Monitoring
- 12.8 Traceability
- 12.9 Court of Justice’s ruling
- 12.10 Court of Justice's ruling aftermath
- 12.11 Broader outlook
- 12.12 Final conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 13. Regulation of CRISPR-edited plants in Australia and New Zealand
- Abstract
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Regulation of CRISPR-edited plants in Australia
- 13.3 The gene technology regulatory system
- 13.4 Review of the Australian Gene Technology Regulations
- 13.5 Modernizing and future-proofing Australia’s Gene Technology Regulatory Scheme
- 13.6 CRISPR regulation in New Zealand
- 13.7 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 14. Regulatory overview of genome-edited plants in Asian countries
- Abstract
- 14.1 Introduction
- 14.2 Global opinions on genome-editing regulation
- 14.3 Status of genome-editing regulation in Asia
- 14.4 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 15. Use and regulation of NGT (new genetic technology) in Japan
- Abstract
- 15.1 About genome editing
- 15.2 Definition
- Acknowledgment
- References
- Chapter 16. Regulatory status of CRISPR-edited crops in Africa
- Abstract
- 16.1 Introduction
- 16.2 Regulatory frameworks in Africa
- 16.3 Public knowledge of genome editing and regulatory implications
- 16.4 Effective communication on CRISPR genome-edited crops
- 16.5 Benefits of deregulation
- 16.6 Hope for the future of CRISPR-edited crops and plant biotechnology
- Disclaimer
- References
- Chapter 17. CRISPR/Cas genome editing and applications in forest tree breeding
- Abstract
- 17.1 Introduction
- 17.2 Diverse CRISPR/Cas systems for forest tree breeding
- 17.3 Multiplex base- and prime-editing for precise genome modifications
- 17.4 CRISPR/Cas-mediated manipulations by exploiting DNA double-strand break repair mechanisms
- 17.5 Potential applications in forest tree breeding
- 17.6 EU regulatory frameworks for CRISPRed trees
- 17.7 Concluding remarks and perspectives
- References
- Chapter 18. CRISPR-edited plants’ social, ethical, policy, and governance issues
- Abstract
- 18.1 Introduction
- 18.2 Social and ethical concerns of CRISPR-edited plants
- 18.3 Global policies for CRISPR-edited plants
- 18.4 Governance and global regulations for CRISPR-edited plants
- 18.5 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 19. Regulations of multiplex genome-edited crops and CRISPR/Cas gene drives
- Abstract
- 19.1 Introduction
- 19.2 Applications of multiplex genome editing
- 19.3 Outcomes and detection of SDN1, SDN2, SDN3 systems
- 19.4 Multiplex approaches in CRISPR/Cas
- 19.5 Risk associated with CRISPR-edited crops
- 19.6 Regulatory models for CRISPR-edited crops
- 19.7 Emerging regulatory guidelines of CRISPR-edited crops
- 19.8 Regulations of multiplex-edited crops
- 19.9 Deregulation of CRISPR-edited crops
- 19.10 CRISPR-based gene drives
- 19.11 Applications of gene drives in plants
- 19.12 Ethical considerations
- 19.13 Environmental and security aspects
- 19.14 Risk management
- 19.15 Regulations of gene drives
- References
- Chapter 20. Challenges and prospects in the regulation of CRISPR-edited crops
- Abstract
- 20.1 Introduction
- 20.2 The age and promise of new breeding technologies
- 20.3 Regulatory environment surrounding new breeding technologies
- 20.4 Recommendations for building an inclusive building design model for genome editing
- References
- Chapter 21. CRISPR technology commercialization and biosafety
- Abstract
- 21.1 Introduction
- 21.2 CRISPR-Cas systems
- 21.3 CRISPR/Cas system innovations
- 21.4 CRISPR patent
- 21.5 Global landscape of CRISPR patents
- 21.6 CRISPR: a renewed opportunity for food security in developing countries
- 21.7 Biosafety and commercialization
- 21.8 Biosecurity threats
- 21.9 Conclusion and future prospects
- References
- Further reading
- Index
- No. of pages: 625
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: November 16, 2023
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Paperback ISBN: 9780443184444
- eBook ISBN: 9780443184451
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Kamel A Abd-Elsalam
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