GERD
Reflux to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
- 1st Edition - September 18, 2006
- Imprint: Elsevier Science
- Authors: Parakrama T. Chandrasoma, Tom R. DeMeester
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 6 9 4 1 6 - 4
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 9 3 3 - 0 0 7 3 - 0
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 4 6 4 7 4 - 9
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is one of the most common maladies of mankind. Approximately 40% of the adult population of the USA suffers from significant heartburn and… Read more
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Request a sales quoteGastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is one of the most common maladies of mankind. Approximately 40% of the adult population of the USA suffers from significant heartburn and the numerous antacids advertised incessantly on national television represents a $8 billion per year drug market. The ability to control acid secretion with the increasingly effective acid-suppressive agents such as the H2 blockers (pepcid, zantac) and proton pump inhibitors (nexium, prevacid) has given physicians an excellent method of treating the symptoms of acid reflux.
Unfortunately, this has not eradicated reflux disease. It has just changed its nature. While heartburn, ulceration and strictures have become rare, reflux-induced adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is becoming increasingly common. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia is now the most rapidly increasing cancer type in the Western world.
The increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has created an enormous interest and stimulus for research in this area. GERD brings together a vast amount of disparate literature and presents the entire pathogenesis of reflux disease in one place. In addition to providing a new concept of how gastroesophageal reflux causes cellular changes in the esophagus, GERD also offers a complete solution to a problem that has confused physicians for over a century. Both clinical and pathological information about reflux disease and its treatment are presented. GERD is meant to be used as a comprehensive reference for gastroenterologists, esophageal surgeons, and pathologists alike.
Unfortunately, this has not eradicated reflux disease. It has just changed its nature. While heartburn, ulceration and strictures have become rare, reflux-induced adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is becoming increasingly common. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia is now the most rapidly increasing cancer type in the Western world.
The increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has created an enormous interest and stimulus for research in this area. GERD brings together a vast amount of disparate literature and presents the entire pathogenesis of reflux disease in one place. In addition to providing a new concept of how gastroesophageal reflux causes cellular changes in the esophagus, GERD also offers a complete solution to a problem that has confused physicians for over a century. Both clinical and pathological information about reflux disease and its treatment are presented. GERD is meant to be used as a comprehensive reference for gastroenterologists, esophageal surgeons, and pathologists alike.
- Outlines how gastroesophageal reflux causes cellular changes in the esophagus
- Brings together the pathogenesis of the disease in one source and applies it toward clinical treatment
- Tom DeMeester is THE leading international expert on reflux disease; Parakrama Chandrasoma is one of the leading pathologists in the area
- Book contains approximately 350 illustrations
- Ancillary web site features color illustrations: www.chandrasoma.com
Gastroenterologists, esophageal surgeons and pathologists.
- Preface
- Chapter 1: Overview of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
- Publisher Summary
- PHYSIOLOGICAL VERSUS PATHOLOGICAL REFLUX
- PREVALENCE OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
- HISTOLOGIC DEFINITION OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
- PREVALENCE OF BARRETT ESOPHAGUS
- MANAGEMENT OF BARRETT ESOPHAGUS
- PREVALENCE OF REFLUX-INDUCED ADENOCARCINOMA
- Chapter 2: The Past, Present, and Future of Columnar-Lined (Barrett) Esophagus
- Publisher Summary
- THE HISTORY OF COLUMNAR-LINED ESOPHAGUS
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- THE REASONS FOR CONFUSION
- HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF COLUMNAR-LINED (BARRETT) ESOPHAGUS (Table 2.2)
- Literature Review
- THE STATE OF THE ART AND TODAY’S PROBLEMS
- SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM AND WHAT WE HOPE TO SHOW
- Chapter 3: Fetal Development of the Esophagus and Stomach
- Publisher Summary
- THE STUDY OF EMBRYOLOGY OF THE FOREGUT
- EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
- EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOREGUT
- EPITHELIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FETAL ESOPHAGUS
- Literature Review
- EPITHELIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FETAL STOMACH
- Literature Review
- EPITHELIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FETAL GASTROESOPHAGEAL JUNCTION
- Literature Review
- SUMMARY OF EPITHELIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ESOPHAGUS
- CONTROL OF FOREGUT EPITHELIAL DEVELOPMENT
- Chapter 4: Normal Anatomy; Present Definition of the Gastroesophageal Junction
- Publisher Summary
- ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
- ENDOSCOPIC/GROSS LANDMARKS
- THE MEANING OF ENDOSCOPIC/GROSS LANDMARKS
- PRESENT DEFINITION OF THE GASTROESOPHAGEAL JUNCTION
- WHAT IS THE CARDIA? LET’S REMOVE THIS TERM FROM OUR VOCABULARY
- THE LOGICAL CONCLUSION THAT SHOULD BE TESTED
- Chapter 5: Histologic Definitions and Diagnosis of Epithelial Types
- Publisher Summary
- DEFINITIONS
- PROBLEMS WITH THE DEFINITIONS
- DIAGNOSIS OF DIFFERENT EPITHELIAL TYPES
- Literature Review
- Chapter 6: Cardiac Mucosa
- Publisher Summary
- WHAT IS CARDIAC MUCOSA?
- WHERE IS CARDIAC MUCOSA LOCATED (Figure 6.1)?
- IS CARDIAC MUCOSA PRESENT IN EVERYONE?
- Literature Review
- WHAT IS OXYNTOCARDIAC MUCOSA, AND WHERE IS IT?
- HOW MUCH CARDIAC AND OXYNTOCARDIAC MUCOSA ARE PRESENT?
- WHAT DOES THE PRESENCE/ABSENCE AND AMOUNT OF CARDIAC MUCOSA MEAN?
- WHAT DOES INCREASING LENGTH OF CARDIAC MUCOSA MEAN?
- A HUMAN EXPERIMENT
- Literature Review
- SUMMARY STATEMENT REGARDING CARDIAC MUCOSA
- Chapter 7: New Histologic Definitions of Esophagus, Stomach, and Gastroesophageal Junction
- Publisher Summary
- LET US ESTABLISH COMMON GROUND IN HISTOLOGY
- Literature Review
- LET US UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM
- NORMAL HISTOLOGY OF THE ESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH: A STATEMENT OF FACT AND NEW HISTOLOGIC DEFINITIONS
- APPLICATION OF THESE DEFINITIONS TO PRACTICE
- Chapter 8: Pathology of Reflux Disease at a Cellular Level: Part 1—Damage to Squamous Epithelium and Transformation into Cardiac Mucosa
- Publisher Summary
- REFLUX-INDUCED DAMAGE OF THE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
- COLUMNAR METAPLASIA OF THE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
- SUMMARY
- Chapter 9: The Pathology of Reflux Disease at a Cellular Level: Part 2—Evolution of Cardiac Mucosa to Oxyntocardiac Mucosa and Intestinal Metaplasia
- Publisher Summary
- HISTOLOGIC COMPOSITION OF COLUMNAR-LINED ESOPHAGUS
- CARDIAC TO OXYNTOCARDIAC MUCOSA: THE BENIGN GENETIC SWITCH
- CARDIAC MUCOSA TO INTESTINAL METAPLASIA: THE SECOND GENETIC SWITCH
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Chapter 10: Pathology of Reflux Disease at a Cellular Level: Part 3—Intestinal (Barrett) Metaplasia to Carcinoma
- Publisher Summary
- CARCINOGENESIS IN INTESTINAL METAPLASIA
- DOES ADENOCARCINOMA ARISE IN ESOPHAGUS WITHOUT INTESTINAL (BARRETT) METAPLASIA?
- Literature Review
- NATURAL HISTORY OF DYSPLASIA: SURVEILLANCE FOR BARRETT ESOPHAGUS
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- DOES DYSPLASIA REVERSE?
- THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS RELATING TO ADENOCARCINOMA DISTRIBUTION IN THE COLUMNAR-LINED ESOPHAGUS
- ASSESSMENT OF CANCER RISK IN BARRETT ESOPHAGUS
- Literature Review
- CLINICALLY USEFUL MOLECULAR TESTS
- Literature Review
- CAUSE OF CARCINOGENESIS IN BARRETT ESOPHAGUS
- Chapter 11: Pathology of Reflux Disease at an Anatomic Level
- Publisher Summary
- Literature Review
- IDENTIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF THE TRUE GASTROESOPHAGEAL JUNCTION
- Literature Review
- THE ANATOMIC CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH SLIDING HIATAL HERNIA
- STAGES BETWEEN NORMAL AND SLIDING HIATAL HERNIA: THE REFLUX-DAMAGED DISTAL ESOPHAGUS—DEFINING THE END-STAGE ESOPHAGUS
- Literature Review
- RELATIONSHIP OF THE DILATED END-STAGE ESOPHAGUS TO COLUMNAR-LINED ESOPHAGUS
- THE DISCREPANCY HAS NOW DISAPPEARED
- ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF A SLIDING HIATAL HERNIA
- THE GREAT HISTORICAL MISUNDERSTANDING CONTINUES TO THE PRESENT
- Chapter 12: Reflux Disease Limited to the Dilated End-Stage Esophagus: The Pathologic Basis of NERD
- Publisher Summary
- GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX VERSUS REFLUX DISEASE
- REFLUX DISEASE LIMITED TO THE DILATED END-STAGE ESOPHAGUS
- A NEW LOOK AT INTESTINAL METAPLASIA OF THE GASTRIC CARDIA
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- A NEW LOOK AT ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE GASTRIC CARDIA
- Literature Review
- Chapter 13: Definition of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Barrett Esophagus
- Publisher Summary
- PRESENTLY USED CRITERIA FOR DEFINING GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
- DEFINITIONS BASED ON QUANTITATING GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX
- PROPOSED NEW CRITERION FOR DEFINING GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
- REFLUX CARDITIS: A NEW ENTITY THAT DEFINES GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE WITH PERFECTION
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- A NEW DEFINITION OF BARRETT ESOPHAGUS
- Literature Review
- Chapter 14: Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Barrett Esophagus, and Dysplasia
- Publisher Summary
- A NEW DIAGNOSTIC METHOD FOR REFLUX DISEASE
- THE DIAGNOSIS OF REFLUX CARDITIS AND BARRETT ESOPHAGUS
- THE DIAGNOSIS OF DYSPLASIA IN BARRETT ESOPHAGUS
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Chapter 15: Research Strategies for Preventing Reflux-Induced Adenocarcinoma
- Publisher Summary
- MECHANISMS OF CELLULAR CHANGES IN REFLUX DISEASE
- THE MECHANISM OF METAPLASIA: EPITHELIA DO NOT “MOVE”
- THE REFLUX-ADENOCARCINOMA SEQUENCE
- RECOGNITION OF DIFFERENT RISK LEVELS IN THE EPITHELIA OF COLUMNAR-LINED ESOPHAGUS
- THE STATE OF PRESENT PHARMACEUTICAL INTERVENTION IN REFLUX DISEASE
- ACID SUPPRESSIVE DRUGS PROMOTE ESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA
- PROPOSED NEW PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH TARGETS AIMED AT PREVENTING ADENOCARCINOMA
- RESEARCH INTO SURGICAL METHODS OF PREVENTING ADENOCARCINOMA
- IDENTIFYING FACTORS IN GASTRIC JUICE RESPONSIBLE FOR MOLECULAR EVENTS
- MOLECULAR RESEARCH INTO CARCINOGENESIS
- Chapter 16: Rationale for Treatment of Reflux Disease and Barrett Esophagus
- Publisher Summary
- THE PRESENT RATIONALE FOR TREATMENT OF REFLUX DISEASE
- ACID SUPPRESSION WITH DRUGS AS TREATMENT FOR REFLUX DISEASE
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- DOES ACID SUPPRESSIVE DRUG THERAPY INCREASE THE RISK OF ADENOCARCINOMA?
- Literature Review
- ANTIREFLUX SURGERY AS TREATMENT FOR REFLUX DISEASE
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- ABLATION AS TREATMENT FOR BARRETT ESOPHAGUS
- Chapter 17: Treatment Strategies for Preventing Reflux-Induced Adenocarcinoma
- Publisher Summary
- ASYMPTOMATIC VERSUS SYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS
- Literature Review
- PRESENT TREATMENT OF REFLUX DISEASE
- OUTCOME OF PRESENT TREATMENT REGIMENS
- REFLUX DISEASE IS THE PREMALIGNANT PHASE OF CANCER
- ANTIREFLUX SURGERY CAN PREVENT PROGRESSION IN THE REFLUX TO ADENOCARCINOMA SEQUENCE; CANCER CAN BE PREVENTED
- DEFINITION OF THE BIOPSY PROTOCOL FOR INDEX DIAGNOSIS
- CLASSIFICATION OF RISK BASED ON BIOPSY RESULTS
- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TREATMENT OF BIOPSY-DEFINED GROUPS
- RECOMMENDED CHANGES IN THE TREATMENT OF DEFINED PATIENT GROUPS
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- COST OF ANTIREFLUX SURGERY
- Literature Review
- Literature Review
- RESOURCES NEEDED TO IMPLEMENT RECOMMENDED CHANGES
- SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED CHANGES
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: September 18, 2006
- No. of pages (Hardback): 464
- Imprint: Elsevier Science
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN: 9780123694164
- Paperback ISBN: 9781493300730
- eBook ISBN: 9780080464749
PC
Parakrama T. Chandrasoma
Dr. Parakrama Chandrasoma was born in Sri Lanka and received his medical education and initial pathology training in the Medical School of the University of Sri Lanka. He has postgraduate degrees in internal medicine, including the M.D. (Sri Lanka) and Membership of the Royal College of Physicians (UK). He immigrated to the United States in 1978. Upon completing his pathology residency, he assumed duties as Chief of Surgical Pathology at the Los Angeles County + University of Southern California Medical Center He has held this position since. After an initial interest in neuropathology, Dr. Chandrasoma joined Dr. Tom DeMeester’s Foregut Surgery team as pathologist in 1991. This led to a productive study of gastroesophageal reflux disease spanning 16 years and resulting in the development of numerous original concepts relating to the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Dr. Chandrasoma has written over 140 peer reviewed papers and 6 previous pathology textbooks, including a general text on Gastrointestinal Pathology and a text on Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, and is a Professor of Pathology at the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California. He is married with three children and lives in Pasadena, California.
Affiliations and expertise
Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USATD
Tom R. DeMeester
Professor of Clinical Surgery and Chair of the Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Affiliations and expertise
University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USARead GERD on ScienceDirect