Gastrointestinal Bleeding, An Issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics

1st Edition, Volume 34-2 - February 26, 2024
Editor: Patrick Pfau
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 0 4 7 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 0 4 8 - 9

In this issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America, guest editor Dr. Patrick Pfau brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Gastrointestinal Bleeding.… Read more

Gastrointestinal Bleeding, An Issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics

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In this issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America, guest editor Dr. Patrick Pfau brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Top experts in the field cover a broad range of topics on the diagnosis and treatment of both upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding with a concentration on endoscopic intervention. This issue discusses the preparation of the patient with a GI bleed even before endoscopy is performed, and provides extensive coverage of the latest data and technology for variceal and non-variceal upper GI tract bleeding, small bowel/occult, and lower GI and colonic bleeding.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Forthcoming Issues
Foreword
Preface
Assessment, Resuscitation and Medical Management of Variceal and Nonvariceal Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Key points
Introduction
Definition and causes
History and physical examination
Laboratory evaluation
Risk assessment
Initial management
Timing of endoscopy
Summary
Clinics care points
Management of Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Agents in Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Prevention of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Endoscopic Diagnosis, Grading, and Treatment of Bleeding Peptic Ulcer Disease
Key points
Introduction
Timing of endoscopy
Intravenous proton pump inhibitor therapy before endoscopy
Prokinetics before endoscopy
Endoscopic classification of peptic ulcer bleeding
Endoscopic hemostatic therapy in patients with active bleeding (oozing and spurting) or non-bleeding visible vessels (Forrest 1a, 1b, and 2a lesions)
Endoscopic therapy for ulcers with adherent clots (Forrest 2b lesions)
Endoscopic modalities for treatment of peptic ulcer bleeding
Doppler-guided therapy for gastrointestinal bleeding
Endoscopic suturing
Post-endoscopic management
Rebleeding
Artificial intelligence and peptic ulcer bleeding
Summary
Clinics care points
The Role of Endoscopy for Primary and Secondary Prophylaxis of Variceal Bleeding
Key points
Introduction
Primary prophylaxis
Secondary prophylaxis
Gastric varices
Discussion
Clinics care points
Endoscopic Treatment of Acute Esophageal and Gastric Variceal Bleeding
Key points
Introduction
Initial management
Management of esophageal varices bleeding
Management of gastric variceal bleeding
Combined management of esophageal variceal and gastro variceal bleeding
Summary
Clinics care points
Role of Endoscopy in the Diagnosis, Grading, and Treatment of Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy and Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia
Key points
Introduction
Clinical presentation
Endoscopic evaluation
Radiographic features
Histopathological evaluation
Management
Endoscopic management
Orthotopic liver transplantation
Summary
Clinic care points
Acknowledgments
Conflict of interest statement
Disclosure
Variceal and Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Refractory to Endoscopic Management: Indications and Role of Interventional Radiology
Key points
Preprocedure imaging
Prognostic factors for a positive arteriogram
Techniques of transcatheter arterial intervention
Success rates and complications after embolization
Empirical embolization in angiographically negative studies
Prophylactic embolization after endoscopic treatment
Hemobilia and hemosuccus pancreaticus
Esophageal bleed
Variceal bleeding background
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt indications and patient selection
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt technical considerations
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt outcomes
Gastric varices
Ectopic varices
Sinistral portal hypertension
Arterial clinics care points
Venous clinics care points
Surgical Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Key points
Introduction
Peptic ulcer disease
Surgical management of portal hypertension and acute variceal bleeding
Other sources of upper gastrointestinal bleed
Unidentified gastrointestinal bleeding in the unstable patient
Long-term complications after major foregut surgery
Summary
Clinics care points
Diagnosis of Occult and Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Key points
Definitions
Initial evaluation with clinical history and physical examination
Potential sources of bleeding
Diagnostic approach
Supportive care
Summary
Clinics care points
Endoscopic Treatment of Small Bowel Bleeding
Key points
Introduction
Etiology
Evaluation
Endoscopic treatment
When endoscopic treatment fails or is not feasible
Future considerations
Summary
Clinics care points
Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Colonic Diverticular Bleeding
Key points
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Updates on the Prevention and Management of Post-Polypectomy Bleeding in the Colon
Key points
Introduction
Risk factors
Polyp-related factors
Patient-related factors
Prevention
Treatment
Summary
Clinics care points

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Gastrointestinal Bleeding, An Issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics

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Patrick Pfau