Fundamentals of Weed Science

PrefaceChapter 1 Introduction Literature CitedChapter 2 Weeds: The Beginning I. Definition of the Term "Weed" II. Characteristics of Weeds III. Harmful Aspects of Weeds IV. Cost of Weeds Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 3 Weed Classification I. Ancestry II. Type of Plant III. Habitat IV. Life History V. A Note About Names Things to Think About Literature Chapter 4 Ethnobotany: Uses of Weeds I. Food for Humans II. Feed for Animals III. Medical Uses IV. Agricultural Uses V. Ornamentals VI. Insect or Disease Traps VII. Reduction of Eutrophication VIII. Other Uses Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 5 Weed Biology: Reproduction and Dispersal I. Seed Production II. Seed Dispersal III. Seed Germination: Dormancy IV. Vegetative or Asexual Reproduction Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 6 Weed Ecology I. Human Influences on Weed Ecology II. The Weed-Crop Ecosystem III. Environmental Interactions IV. Fundamental Ecological Concepts V. Plant Competition VI. Plant Characteristics and Competitiveness VII. The Relationship between Weed Density and Crop Yield VIII. Magnitude of Competitive Loss IX. Duration of Competition X. Economic Analysis Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 7 Allelopathy I. Allelopathic Chemistry II. Production of Allelochemicals III. Allelopathy and Weed-Crop Ecology Things to Think About Literature Chapter 8 The Significance of Plant Competition I. General Considerations II. Characteristics of Weeds Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 9 Methods of Weed Management and Control I. Concepts of Prevention, Control, Eradication, and Management II. Weed Prevention III. Mechanical Control IV. Nonmechanical Methods V. Cultural Weed Control Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 10 Biological Weed Control I. Introduction II. Methods of Application III. Biological Control Agents IV. Integration of Techniques Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 11 Introduction to Chemical Weed Control I. History II. Advantages of Herbicides III. Disadvantages of Herbicides IV. Classification of Herbicides Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 12 Properties and Uses of Herbicides I. Introduction II. Inhibitors of Respiration and Photosynthesis III. Inhibitors of Plant Growth IV. Inhibitors of Biosynthetic Processes V. Nonspecific Action VI. Unknown Action VII. Summary Things to Think About Literature SourcesChapter 13 Herbicides and Plants I. Factors Affecting Herbicide Performance II. General Overview III. Foliar Active Herbicides IV. Physiology of Herbicides in Plants Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 14 Herbicides and Soil I. General Overview II. Soil III. Factors Affecting Soil-Applied Herbicides IV. Soil Persistence of Herbicides Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 15 Herbicide Application I. Introduction II. The Reason for Calibration III. Sprayer Calibration IV. Calibration Problems Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 16 Herbicide Formulation I. Introduction II. Types of Herbicide Formulations Things to Think AboutChapter 17 Herbicides and the Ecosystem I. Herbicide Performance II. Ecological Changes III. Energy Relationships IV. The Effects of Herbicides on People V. Herbicide Safety Things to Think About Literature Cited Literature AvailableChapter 18 Pesticide Legislation and Registration I. The Principles of Pesticide Regulation II. Federal Laws III. Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act IV. The Environmental Protection Agency V. Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act VI. Procedural Summary VII. Tolerance Classes VIII. The Principles of Pesticide Registration Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 19 Weed Management Systems I. Introduction II. A Metaphor for Weed Management III. The Logical Steps of Weed Management IV. Weed Management Principles in Six Systems Things to Think About Literature CitedChapter 20 Weed Science: The Future I. Research Needs II. Political Considerations III. Conclusion Things to Think About Literature CitedAppendix A: List of Crops by Common NameAppendix B: List of Weeds by Common NameGlossaryIndex