Functional Adaptations of Marine Organisms

Contents

List of Contributors

Preface


1 Introduction

I. Introduction

II. Oceanic Habitats

III. The Intertidal Zone

IV. Estuaries

V. Coastal and Open Ocean Waters

VI. The Deep Sea


2 Marine Primary Producers

I. Introduction

II. Primary Production in the Marine Environment

III. Adaptation to the Marine Environment

IV. Human Intrusion

References


3 Marine Bacteria

Text

References


4 Zooplankton

I. Introduction

II. Scarcity of Food

III. Predation and Competition

IV. Temperature

V. Salinity

VI. Conclusions

References


5 Meiofauna

I. Introduction

II. Physiological Tolerances

III. Behavioral Responses

IV. Feeding

V. Respiratory Adaptations

VI. Osmoregulatory Adaptations

VII. Reproduction and Growth

References


6 Benthic Macrofauna

I. Introduction

II. Resistance Adaptations

III. Feeding, Digestion, and Assimilation

IV. Respiration

V. Osmotic and Ionio Regulation

VI. Reproduction

References


7 Pelagic Macrofauna

I. Introduction

II. Invertebrates

III. Vertebrates

IV. Addendum

Suggested Reading

References


8 Functional Adaptations of Deep-Sea Organisms


1. Introduction to Deep-Sea Biosphere and Biota

II. Digestive Dynamics and Energetics

III. Respiratory and Metabolic Adaptations

IV. Circulatory Adaptations

V. Processes of Excretion

VI. Adaptative Strategies in Reproduction

VII. Perception of the Environment

VIII. Some Molecular Aspects of High Pressure Adaptation

IX. Overview on Physiological Adaptations of Abyssal Animals

References

Index