Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2024

1st Edition - June 13, 2023
Editor: Fred F. Ferri
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 5 5 7 6 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 5 5 7 7 - 1

For more than 25 years, Ferri’s Clinical Advisor has provided immediate answers on the myriad medical diseases and disorders you’re likely to encounter in a unique, easy-to-use… Read more

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For more than 25 years, Ferri’s Clinical Advisor has provided immediate answers on the myriad medical diseases and disorders you’re likely to encounter in a unique, easy-to-use format. A bestselling title year after year, this popular "5 books in 1" reference delivers vast amounts of information in a user-friendly manner. It is updated annually to provide current and clinically relevant answers on over 1,000 common medical conditions, including diseases and disorders, differential diagnoses, clinical algorithms, laboratory tests, and clinical practice guidelines―all carefully reviewed by experts in key clinical fields. Extensive algorithms, along with hundreds of high-quality photographs, illustrations, diagrams, and tables, ensure that you stay current with today's medical practice.

Instructions for online access
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Clinical Disorders
Copyright
Contributors
Section Editors
Dedication
Preface
Ferri’s Clinical Advisor 2024—How to Use This Book
In Memoriam
Section I. Diseases and Disorders
22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
PREVENTION
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Abruptio Placentae
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Absence Seizures
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Abusive Head Trauma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Acanthosis Nigricans
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acetaminophen Poisoning
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Achalasia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Achilles Tendon Rupture
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acne Vulgaris
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acromegaly
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Acromioclavicular Dislocation
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Actinic Keratosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Table E1)
PEARLS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Actinomycosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Aortic Syndromes
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Bronchitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (Ogilvie Syndrome)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Coronary Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Glomerulonephritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Kidney Injury
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Liver Failure
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (BOXES 4 AND 5)1,4-6
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Acute Stress Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Tubular Necrosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Acute Urinary Retention (AUR)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Adnexal Masses
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Adrenal Incidentaloma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Adrenal Insufficiency
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Adult-Onset Still Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Alcohol Use Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Alcoholic Hepatitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Aldosteronism (Hyperaldosteronism, Primary)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Allergic Rhinitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Alopecia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Alzheimer Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Amaurosis Fugax
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Amblyopia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Amebiasis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Amenorrhea
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Amphetamine Use Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Amyloidosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Table E2)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Anaerobic Infections
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Anal Cancer
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Anal Fissure
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Anaphylaxis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Angina Pectoris
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Angioedema
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Angular Cheilitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Ankle Fracture
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Fig. E7)
Ankle Sprain
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ankylosing Spondylitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Anorectal Fistula
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Anorectal Stricture
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Anorexia Nervosa
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS (TABLE E1)
TREATMENT
Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome Associated with Malignancy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Anovulatory Uterine Bleeding
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Anoxic Brain Injury
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Anterior Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment Syndrome (ACNES)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Aortic Coarctation
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Aortic Regurgitation
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Aortic Stenosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Aphasia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Aphthous Ulcers
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Aplastic Anemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Appendicitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Asbestosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Ascariasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ascites
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Asherman Syndrome (Intrauterine Adhesions)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Aspergillosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Aspiration Pneumonia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Asthma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Asthma-COPD Overlap
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Astrocytoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Ataxia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ataxia Telangiectasia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Atelectasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Atopic Dermatitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Atrial Fibrillation
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Atrial Flutter
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Atrial Myxoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Atrial Septal Defect
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT7
Atrioventricular Dissociation
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Autism Spectrum Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis3,5,6
Treatment3,6-10
Pearls & Considerations
Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS AND WORKUP
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
AV Malformations, Cerebral
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Avian Influenza
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Babesiosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Baker Cyst
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Balanitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Barrett Esophagus
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Bartholin Gland Cyst and Abscess
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Bartter Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Bedbug Bite
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Behçet Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Bell Palsy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (FIG. 3)
Pearls & Considerations
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Binge Eating Disorder (BED)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Bipolar Disorder
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Bite Wounds
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Bites and Stings, Arachnids
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Bladder Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Bladder Pain Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Blastomycosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment1
Pearls & Considerations
Blepharitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Blepharospasm
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Bone Tumor, Primary Malignant
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Borderline Personality Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Botulism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Brain Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Brain Metastases
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Brain Neoplasm, Benign and Low Grade
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Brain Neoplasm, Glioblastoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Brainstem Ischemic Stroke Syndromes
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Breast Abscess
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Breast Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Breech Birth
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pearls & Considerations
Bronchiectasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Brugada Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Bruxism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Bulimia Nervosa
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Bullous Pemphigoid
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Bullying, Cyberbullying, and School Violence
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Bundle Branch Block
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Burns
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Bursitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (Pseudogout)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Calcium-Alkali Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cancer Chemotherapy-Related Cardiotoxicity
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Cancer of Unknown Primary
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Candidiasis, Cutaneous
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Candidiasis, Invasive
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cannabinoid Use Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Carcinoid Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Cardiac Tamponade
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cardiomyopathy, Chemical-Induced
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls and Considerations
Cardiorenal Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Carotid Artery Aneurysm
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Carotid Artery Stenosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Carotid Sinus Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cataracts
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Catatonia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cat-Scratch Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Celiac Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cellulitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cerebral Palsy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cerebral Vasculitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cervical Artery Dissection
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cervical Cancer
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cervical Disc Syndromes
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cervical Dysplasia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Pearls & Considerations
Cervical Insufficiency
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Cervical Polyps
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cervicitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Chagas Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chalazion
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chancroid
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Charcot Joint
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Child Abuse and Neglect
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chlamydia Genital Infections
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Cholangiocarcinoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Cholangitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cholecystitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Choledocholithiasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATM7ENT
Cholelithiasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Cholera
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chorea
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Chronic Kidney Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Chronic Kidney Disease–Mineral Bone Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Chronic Pancreatitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Chronic Pruritus
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chronic Rhinosinusitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Chronic Urticaria
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cirrhosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
Treatment
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy (CCM)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Claudication
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Clostridium difficile Infection
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Cluster Headache
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cocaine Overdose
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Coccidioidomycosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Colorado Tick Fever
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Colorectal Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Coma and Other Disorders of Consciousness
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Compartment Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS4,6
TREATMENT1-3,-6,8
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Concussion
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Conduct Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Condyloma Acuminatum
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Conjunctivitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Constipation
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Contact Dermatitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Contraception
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (CA-AKI)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cor Pulmonale
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Corneal Abrasion
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Corneal Ulceration
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Coronary Artery Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Coronary Artery Dissection
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Costochondritis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
COVID-19 Cardiac Effects
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
COVID-19 Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Craniopharyngioma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Crohn Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Croup (Laryngotracheitis)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cryoglobulinemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cryptococcosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
RELATED CONTENT
Cryptorchidism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cryptosporidium Infection
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cushing Disease and Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cutaneous Larva Migrans
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cystic Fibrosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Cysticercosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Cytomegalovirus Infection
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
De Quervain Tenosynovitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Deep Vein Thrombosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Delayed Puberty
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Delirium
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Delirium Tremens
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Delusional Parasitosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Dementia With Lewy Bodies
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Dengue Fever
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Dependent Personality Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Depression (Major Depressive Disorder)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Diabetes Insipidus
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diabetes Mellitus
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Diabetic Foot
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diabetic Gastroparesis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diabetic Nephropathy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Diabetic Polyneuropathy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diabetic Retinopathy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diaphragmatic Paralysis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diarrhea, Persistent
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Diplopia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Discoid Lupus
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Fig. E5)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Dissociative Disorders
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diverticular Disease(Diverticulosis, Diverticulitis, Diverticular Hemorrhage)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Down Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Drowning
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Drug-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Drug-Induced Liver Injury
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Dumping Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Dupuytren Contracture
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT7-15
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS15,16
Dysmenorrhea
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Dyspepsia, Nonulcerative
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Dysphagia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Dystonia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Early Pregnancy Loss
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Early Repolarization Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Echinococcosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Eclampsia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Ectopic Pregnancy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Ejaculation and Orgasm Disorders
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Elder Abuse
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Electrical and Lightning Injury
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Electronic Cigarette or Vaping--Associated Lung Injury (EVALI)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Emergency Contraception
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Empyema
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Encephalitis, Acute Viral
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Encephalopathy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Endocarditis, Infective
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Endometrial Cancer
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Endometriosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Endometritis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
End-Stage Kidney Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Enteropathic Arthritis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Enuresis
Diagnosis
Treatment1-5
Pearls & Considerations
Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Related Content
Eosinophilic Fasciitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Eosinophilic Pneumonias
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Epicondylitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Epidermolysis Bullosa
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Epididymitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Epidural Abscess
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Epidural Hematoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Epiglottitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Epiploic Appendagitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Episcleritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Epistaxis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Epstein-Barr Virus Infection
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Erectile Dysfunction
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Fig. 1)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Erysipelas
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Erythema Multiforme
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Erythema Nodosum
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Esophageal Tumors
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Esophageal Varices
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Essential Tremor
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Factitious Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Fallopian Tube Cancer
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Falls in the Elderly
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Gardner Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Fatty Liver of Pregnancy, Acute
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Febrile Seizures
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Fecal Incontinence (Encopresis)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Fertility Preservation in Women
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Fever in the Returning Traveler
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Fever of Undetermined Origin
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Fibrocystic Breast Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Fibromyalgia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19 Infection)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Filariasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
First-Degree Atrioventricular Block
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Focal Seizures
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Folliculitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Food Allergies
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Food Poisoning, Bacterial
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Friedreich Ataxia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Frontotemporal Dementia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Frostbite
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (3 PHASES)
Functional Gallbladder Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Functional Neurologic Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
SYNONYMS
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Galactorrhea
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Gallbladder Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Gallbladder Polyps
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pearls & Considerations
Gaming Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Gastric Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Gastric Outlet Obstruction
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
Treatment
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Gastrinoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Gastritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Gastroenteritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Gender Identity—Transgender and Gender Diverse Persons
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT OR GENDER AFFIRMATIVE CARE
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Genitopelvic Pain/Penetration Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Giant Cell Arteritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Giant Cell Myocarditis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Giardiasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Gilbert Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Gingivitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative (NUG)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Glaucoma, Open-Angle
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Glaucoma, Primary Angle-Closure
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Glenohumeral Dislocation
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Glossitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Gonorrhea
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Goodpasture Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Gout
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Granuloma Annulare
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Granuloma Inguinale
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Granulomatous Arthritis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Graves Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Grief (Prolonged Grief Disorder)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Gynecomastia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Hairy Cell Leukemia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hallucinogenic Overdose
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Related Content
Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Acute General Rx
Pearls & Considerations
Health Care–Associated Infections (HAIs)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Heart Block, Complete
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Heart Block, Second-Degree
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Heart Failure
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Table E3)
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (Menorrhagia)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Helicobacter pylori Infection
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
HELLP Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hemochromatosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hemophilia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hemoptysis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hemorrhagic Ovarian Cyst
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hemorrhoids
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hepatitis A
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hepatitis B
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hepatitis C
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hepatitis D
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hepatitis E
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
RELATED CONTENT
Hepatorenal Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment & Risk Reduction
Pearls & Considerations
Herpangina
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Herpes Simplex
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Herpes Zoster
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hiatal Hernia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
High-Altitude Sickness
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hip Fracture
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hirsutism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Histiocytosis X (Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Histoplasmosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Histrionic Personality Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
HIV-Associated Cardiomyopathy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
HIV-Associated Cognitive Dysfunction
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hoarding Disorder
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hookworm
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Horner Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hot Flashes
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Huntington Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hydrocele
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hydronephrosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment2,3
Pearls & Considerations
Hypercholesterolemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypercoagulable State
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hyperhidrosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Table E2)
Treatment
Hyperkalemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT1-5
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hyperlipoproteinemia, Primary
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hypernatremia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hyperparathyroidism
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hyperphosphatemia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Fig. 4)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypersplenism
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hypertension
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hyperthyroidism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hyperuricemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypoaldosteronism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypochondriasis (Illness Anxiety Disorder)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypoglycemia
Basic Information
Diagnosis1
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hypogonadism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS (Fig. 1)
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypomagnesemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hyponatremia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hypoparathyroidism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypophosphatemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypopituitarism
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Hypospadias
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypothermia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Hypothyroidism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
IgA Nephropathy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
IgA Vasculitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Impetigo
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Inclusion Body Myositis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Incontinence, Bowel, Elderly Patient
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Incontinence, Urinary
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Infantile Hypotonia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Infertility
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT3
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Inflammatory Anemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Inflammatory Myopathies
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Influenza
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Inguinal Hernia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Insect Bites and Stings
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Insomnia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Insulinoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Interstitial Lung Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Interstitial Nephritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Intraventricular Conduction Delay (IVCD)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Intussusception
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Iron Deficiency Anemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ischemic Colitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ischemic Hepatitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Jaundice and Hyperbilirubinemia in the Newborn
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Jaundice in the Adult Patient
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Junctional Rhythm
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Kaposi Sarcoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Kawasaki Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Klinefelter Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Labyrinthitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Lactic Acidosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Lactose Intolerance
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Large Bowel Obstruction
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Laryngeal Carcinoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Laryngitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Lead Poisoning
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Legionnaires Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Leishmaniasis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Leprosy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Leptospirosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Lichen Planus
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Lichen Sclerosus
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Lichen Simplex Chronicus
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Limping Child Evaluation
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Listeriosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Liver Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Long COVID
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Long QT Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Lumbar Disc Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Lung Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Lung Neoplasms, Primary
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Lyme Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Lymphangitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Lymphedema
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Lymphogranuloma Venereum
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Lynch Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Macular Degeneration
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Malabsorption
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Malaria
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Malignant Hyperthermia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Mallory-Weiss Tear
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Malnutrition
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Marfan Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Mastitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Mastocytosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Mastodynia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Mastoiditis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Measles (Rubeola)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Meckel Diverticulum
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Mediastinitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Medical Marijuana
Basic Information
Pearls & Considerations
Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment1
Pearls & Considerations
Meigs’ Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Melanoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Fig. 3)
Ménière Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Meningioma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Meningitis, Bacterial
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Meningitis, Fungal
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Meningitis, Viral
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Meniscal Tear
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Menopause
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Meralgia Paresthetica
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Mesenteric Adenitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Mesothelioma, Malignant
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Metabolic Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Metatarsalgia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Methanol and Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Microscopic Colitis (Lymphocytic Colitis)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Microsporidiosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Migraine Headache
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Mild Cognitive Impairment
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Mitral Regurgitation
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT2
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Mitral Stenosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Mitral Valve Prolapse
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT1
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Table E5)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Molar Pregnancy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Molluscum Contagiosum
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Monkeypox
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Mononucleosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Morton Neuroma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Motion Sickness
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Mucormycosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Rods (MDR-GNRs)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Multiple Myeloma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Multiple Sclerosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Multiple System Atrophy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Mumps
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Muscular Dystrophy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Mushroom Poisoning
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Myasthenia Gravis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Mycosis Fungoides
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Myelomeningocele
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Myocardial Infarction
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Myocarditis
Basic Information
Diagnosis (Table 1)
Treatment
Myoclonus
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Myotonia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Narcolepsy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Nasal Polyps
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Necrotizing Fasciitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Nephrotic Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Neuroblastoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Neurocognitive Disorders
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Neurofibromatosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Neuropathic Pain
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Neuropathy, Hereditary
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Nocardiosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Nonallergic Rhinitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Nummular Dermatitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Obesity
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Occupational Asthma
Basic Information
Diagnosis (Fig. 1)
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Ocular Foreign Body
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Odontogenic Infections
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Opioid Overdose
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Opioid Use Disorder
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Optic Atrophy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Optic Neuritis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Oral Cancer
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Oral Hairy Leukoplakia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Orchitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Orthostatic Hypotension
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Osmotic Demyelinating Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Osteoarthritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (TABLE E4)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Osteochondritis Dissecans
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Osteomalacia and Rickets
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Osteomyelitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Osteonecrosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Fig. E4)
Osteoporosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Otitis Externa
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Otitis Media
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Otosclerosis (Otospongiosis)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ovarian Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Ovarian Neoplasm, Benign
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Ovarian Torsion
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Paget Disease of Bone
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Paget Disease of the Breast
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pain Management in Chronic Pain
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pancoast Tumor (Superior Pulmonary Sulcus Tumor)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pancreatic Cancer (Exocrine)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pancreatitis, Acute
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Panniculitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Paraneoplastic Syndromes
BASIC INFORMATION
ETIOLOGY
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Paranoid Personality Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Paraphilic Disorders
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Parkinson Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Paronychia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls and Considerations
Patent Foramen Ovale
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pediatric COVID-19 Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pediculosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Pedophilic Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pelvic Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pelvic Fracture and Pelvic Ring Injuries
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Pelvic Pain in Women, Acute
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Pemphigus Vulgaris
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Penile Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Performance-Enhancing Hormone Abuse
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pericarditis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Peripheral Artery Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Perirectal Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Peritonitis, Secondary
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Peritonsillar Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pernicious Anemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT5-7
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pertussis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and Other Polyposis Syndromes
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Peyronie Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pheochromocytoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Phobias
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pilonidal Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Pinworms
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Piriformis Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pituitary Adenoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pityriasis Rosea
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Placenta Previa
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Plantar Fasciitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Pleural Effusion
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pleurisy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pneumonia, Bacterial
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Pneumonia, Mycoplasma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Pneumonia, Viral
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pneumothorax, Spontaneous
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Poison Ivy Dermatitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Table 3)
Polycythemia Vera
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Porphyrias
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Portal Hypertension
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Portal Vein Thrombosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Postconcussion Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Postherpetic Neuralgia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Postpartum Depression
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Postpartum Hemorrhage
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Postthrombotic Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Precocious Puberty
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Preeclampsia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Prelabor Rupture of Membranes
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Premenstrual Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pressure Injury
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pearls & Considerations
Preterm Labor
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Priapism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Primary Biliary Cholangitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Primary Immunodeficiency Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Table E10)
Primary Myelofibrosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Prolactinoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pronator Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Prostate Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Prostatic Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Prostatitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pruritus Ani
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pruritus Vulvae
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Psittacosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Psoriasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Psoriatic Arthritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Fig. E6)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Psychosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pulmonary Edema
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pulmonary Embolism
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pulmonary Hypertension
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Fig. E5)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pulseless Electrical Activity
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pyelonephritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pyogenic Granuloma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Rabies
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Radial Tunnel Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Radiation Exposure
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Raynaud Phenomenon
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Reactive Arthritis (Reiter Syndrome)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Rectal Prolapse
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Renal Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Renal Artery Stenosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Renal Cell Carcinoma
BASIC INFORMATION
SYNONYMS
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Renal Lupus (Lupus Nephritis)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Renal Tubular Acidosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Renal Vein Thrombosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the Neonate
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Restless Legs Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Retinal Detachment
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Retinal Hemorrhage
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Retinal Vein Occlusion
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Retinitis Pigmentosa
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Retinoblastoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Retropharyngeal Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Rh Incompatibility
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Rhabdomyolysis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Rheumatic Fever
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Rheumatoid Arthritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Rosacea
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Roseola
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Rotator Cuff Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
CLINICAL PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Rubella
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Salivary Gland Neoplasms
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
Salmonellosis
BASIC INFORMATION
PHYSICAL FINDINGS & CLINICAL PRESENTATION (TABLE 1)
ETIOLOGY
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Salt-Losing Nephropathy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sarcoidosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sarcoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Scabies
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Scarlet Fever
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Schistosomiasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Schizophrenia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sciatica
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Scleritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Scoliosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Scombroid Poisoning
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Seasonal Affective Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Seborrheic Dermatitis (SD)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Seizures, Generalized Tonic Clonic
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Seizures, New-Onset
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sepsis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (FIG. 2)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Septic Arthritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Serotonin Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT1-3
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sexual Assault
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Sexual Dysfunction in Women
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Fig. E2, Table E2)
Sheehan Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Shift Work Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Shigellosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Table E1)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Short Bowel Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Short QT Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Sialadenitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sialolithiasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Sick Sinus Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Sickle Cell Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sideroblastic Anemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS3,4
TREATMENT6,7
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Silicosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Sinus Arrhythmia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sinus Tachycardia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sinus Venous Thrombosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sinusitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (SOS)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sjögren Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Small Bowel Obstruction
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Smoke Inhalation Injury
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Snake Bites
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Social Anxiety Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Somatic Symptom Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT2,5,7,13,14
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness (STARI)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Spasticity
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Spina Bifida
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Spinal Cord Compression
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Spinal Epidural Abscess
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Spinal Stenosis, Cervical Spine
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Spinal Stenosis, Lumbar
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Spinocerebellar Ataxia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Spondyloarthropathies
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Spontaneous Abortion
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Sporotrichosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Statin-Induced Muscle Syndromes
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Status Epilepticus
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Stomatitis/Mucositis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Strabismus
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Stroke, Acute Ischemic
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Stroke, Hemorrhagic
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Stroke, Secondary Prevention
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Stuttering
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Stye (Hordeolum)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Subclavian Steal Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Subclinical Brain Infarction
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Subdural Hematoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Subjective Cognitive Decline
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Subphrenic Abscess
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Substance Use Disorder
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Substance/Medication-Induced Neurocognitive Disorder
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Suicide
Basic Information
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment2
Supraventricular Tachycardia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Fig. 2)
Syncope
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment3,5
Pearls & Considerations
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis
Basic Information
Treatment
Synthetic Cannabinoids
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Syphilis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment1,4 (Box E1)
Pearls & Considerations
Syringomyelia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Takayasu Arteritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tapeworm Infestation
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tardive Dyskinesia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Temporomandibular Joint Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tension-Type Headache
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Testicular Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Testicular Torsion
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tetanus
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tetralogy of Fallot
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Thalassemias
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Thromboangiitis Obliterans
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Thrombocytosis (Essential Thrombocythemia)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATION
Thrombophlebitis, Superficial Venous
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Thymoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Table 3 and Fig. 2)
Thyroid Carcinoma
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Thyroid Nodule
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Thyroiditis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Tibial and Fibular Fractures
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Tinea Capitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tinea Corporis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Tinea Cruris
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Tinea Pedis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tinea Unguium
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tinea Versicolor
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tinnitus
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Torsade de Pointes
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tourette Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (FIG. 3)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Toxic Megacolon
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Toxic Shock Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Toxoplasmosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Transfusion Reaction, Hemolytic
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Transient Global Amnesia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Transient Ischemic Attack
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Transverse Myelitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Traumatic Brain Injury
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (FIG. 8)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Traveler Diarrhea
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Trichinellosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Tricuspid Stenosis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (Trochanteric Bursitis)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Tropical Sprue
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Tuberculosis, Extrapulmonary
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Tuberous Sclerosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tularemia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Turner Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Typhoid Fever
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ulcerative Colitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms (UIAs)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Urethritis, Gonococcal
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Urethritis, Nongonococcal
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Urinary Tract Infection
Basic Information
Diagnosis (Fig. 1)
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Urolithiasis (Nephrolithiasis)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Urticaria
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Uterine Fibroids
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Uterine Malignancy-Sarcomas
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Uveitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Vaccine-Induced Carditis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Vaginal Bleeding During Pregnancy
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Vaginal Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Vaginal Fistulas
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Fig. E5)
Pearls & Considerations
Vaginitis, Estrogen-Deficient
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Vaginitis, Prepubescent
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Vaginitis, Trichomonas
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Vaginosis, Bacterial
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Varicella
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Varicocele
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Varicose Veins
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Vasculitis, Systemic
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Venous Insufficiency, Chronic
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Venous Ulcers
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Ventricular Fibrillation
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Ventricular Septal Defect
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ventricular Tachycardia
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Vertebral Compression Fractures
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment (Fig. 2)
Pearls & Considerations
Vestibular Neuronitis
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Vestibular Schwannoma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Viral Bronchiolitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Vitamin D Deficiency
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Vitamin Deficiency (Hypovitaminosis)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Vitiligo
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
von Hippel-Lindau Disease
Basic Information
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
von Willebrand Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Vulvar Cancer
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Warts
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Wernicke Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
West Nile Virus Infection
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Whiplash
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Wilms Tumor
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Box E1)
Wilson Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT (Table E2)
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT9
Yellow Fever
BASIC INFORMATION
Diagnosis
Treatment
Pearls & Considerations
Zenker Diverticulum
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Zika Virus
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Section I. Bonus Content
Akathisia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Anthrax
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Antibody-Mediated Autoimmune Encephalitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Basic Calcium Phosphate Deposition
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Biceps Tendonitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Brucellosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Burning Mouth Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Chikungunya
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cogan Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Connective Tissue Disease–Associated Vasculitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Cyanosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Digoxin Overdose
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Diphtheria
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Drug Use Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Dyspareunia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Enthesitis Related Arthritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Erythema Elevatum Diutinum
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Felty Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ganglia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Herpes Simplex Keratitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Hypocomplementemic Urticarial Vasculitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
ID Reaction
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
IgG4-Related Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Keloid
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Knee Sprain
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Korsakoff Psychosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Lemierre Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Levator Ani Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Limbic Predominant Age-Related TDP-43 Encephalopathy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Liver Transplantation
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Ludwig’s Angina
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Lung Transplantation
BASIC INFORMATION
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Myxedema Coma
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy (NAM)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Over-the-Counter Medication in Pregnancy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pancreas Transplantation
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Pediatric Medication Errors
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Poliomyelitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Polypharmacy
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Primary Chest Wall Tumors
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pure Red Cell Aplasia
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Q Fever
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Quadrilateral Space Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Radiation-Induced Lung Injury
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Relapsing Polychondritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Reye Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Rumination Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Smallpox
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Somatic Cough Syndrome and Tic Cough
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Stickler Syndrome
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Tabes Dorsalis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Thyrotoxic Storm
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Torticollis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Tracheitis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Tricyclic Antidepressant Overdose
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Trigger Finger
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PEARLS & CONSIDERATIONS
Whipple Disease
BASIC INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
Section II. Differential Diagnosis
A – Differential Diagnosis
Abdominal Distention
Abdominal Pain, Adolescence1
Abdominal Pain, Childhood1
Abdominal Pain, Chronic Lower2
Abdominal Pain, Diffuse
Abdominal Pain, Epigastric
Abdominal Pain, Extraabdominal and Systemic Causes3
Abdominal Pain, Infancy1
Abdominal Pain, Left Lower Quadrant
Abdominal Pain, Left Upper Quadrant
Abdominal Pain, Nonsurgical Causes
Abdominal Pain, Periumbilical
Abdominal Pain, Poorly Localized1
Abdominal Pain, Post-Cholecystectomy3
Abdominal Pain, Pregnant Patient4
Abdominal Pain, Right Lower Quadrant
Abdominal Pain, Right Upper Quadrant
Abdominal Pain, Suprapubic
Abdominal Wall Masses2
Abortion, Recurrent
Acalculous Gallbladder Disease5
Aches and Pains, Diffuse6
Acidosis, Hyperchloric Metabolic7
Acidosis, Lactic7
Acidosis, Metabolic
Acidosis, Respiratory
Acute Kidney Injury and Liver Disease, Causes8,9
Acute Kidney Injury Due to Intrinsic Renal Diseases10
Acute Kidney Injury, HIV Patient, Causes8,9
Acute Kidney Injury in Specific Clinical Settings11
Acute Kidney Injury, Pigment Induced10
Acute Liver Failure12
Acute Lung Injury, Disease and Disorder Associations13
Acute Respiratory Distress in Pregnancy14
Acute Scrotum
Adnexal Mass1
Adrenal Calcifications15
Adrenal Cystic Lesions15
Adrenal Insufficiency, Critically Ill Patient16
Adrenal Masses17
Adrenal Pseudomasses15
Adrenergic Toxidrome16
Adrenocortical Hyperfunction18
Adrenocortical Hypofunction
Adverse Food Reactions, Differential Diagnosis19
Adynamic Ileus1
Aerophagia (Belching, Eructation)
Agitation and Confusion20
Air-Space Opacification on X-ray21
Airway Obstruction, Central22
Airway Obstruction, Pediatric Age23
Akinetic/Rigid Syndrome18
Alcohol-Related Seizures10
Alkalosis, Metabolic
Alkalosis, Respiratory
Alopecia13,24
Alopecia and Hypotrichosis, in Children and Adolescents
Alopecia, Drug-Induced
Alveolar Consolidation
Alveolar Hemorrhage25
Amenorrhea
Amnesia
Amniotic Fluid α-Fetoprotein Elevation21
Anal Abscess and Fistula2
Anal Incontinence1
Anaphylaxis26
Anaphylaxis Mimics27
Anaphylaxis, Pathophysiologic Classification28
Anaphylactoid Syndrome of Pregnancy29
Androgen Excess, Reproductive-Age Woman
Androgen Resistance30
Anemia, Aplastic31
Anemia, Aplastic, Due to Drugs and Chemicals29
Anemia, Causes in Pregnancy32
Anemia, Drug-Induced33
Anemia, Hypochromic31
Anemia, Low Reticulocyte Count18
Anemia, Megaloblastic17
Anemia, Microcytic, Hypochromic, Differential Diagnosis34
Anergy, Cutaneous17
Aneurysms, Thoracic Aorta
Anhidrosis
Anion Gap Acidosis7
Anion Gap Increase
Anisocoria
Ankle and Foot Pain35
Anorectal Abscess4
Anorectal Disease, AIDS Patient3
Anorexia2
Anovulation
Anovulation, Hypothalamic Pituitary Causes36
Aortic Arch Segment Abnormalities37
Appendicitis, Differential Diagnosis in Pregnancy32
Appetite Loss in Infants and Children23
Aqueductal Stenosis, Congenital38
Arterial Occlusion39
Arthritis and Abdominal Pain
Arthritis and Diarrhea
Arthritis and Eye Lesions40
Arthritis and Heart Murmur40
Arthritis and Muscle Weakness41
Arthritis and Rash40
Arthritis and Subcutaneous Nodules40
Arthritis and Weight Loss40
Arthritis or Extremity Pain, in Children and Adolescents19
Arthritis, Axial Skeleton
Arthritis, Chronic, Monoarticular or Oligoarticular, Infectious Causes42
Arthritis, Fever, and Rash40
Arthritis, Monoarticular and Oligoarticular43
Arthritis, Pediatric Age23
Arthritis, Polyarticular
Ascending Aorta, Abnormal Segment44
Ascites
Aspiration, Chronic22
Aspiration Lung Injury, Children19
Asthenia
Asthma, Childhood45
Ataxia
Ataxia, Acute or Recurrent46
Ataxia, Cerebellar, Adult Onset47
Ataxia, Cerebellar, Children47
Ataxia, Chronic or Progressive46
Ataxia in Childhood48
Ataxia, Toxic Causes49
Atelectasis
Atrial Enlargement, Left Atrium21
Atrial Enlargement, Right Atrium
Atypical Lymphocytosis, Heterophil Negative, Infectious Causes18
AV Nodal Block39
B – Differential Diagnosis
Back Pain
Back Pain, Children and Adolescents19
Back Pain, Low, Acute43
Back Pain, Viscerogenic Origin
Bacterial Overgrowth, Small Intestine2
Ballism43
Benign Sleep Myoclonus of Infancy (BSMI)50
Bile Duct, Dilated2
Biliary Obstruction15
Biliary Tree, Reflux of Gas or Bowel48
Bladder (Urinary) Wall Thickening15
Bleeding, GI in Patients with AIDS3
Bleeding, Lower GI
Bleeding, Lower GI, Pediatric43
Bleeding, Rectal2
Bleeding, Third Trimester29
Bleeding, Upper GI
Bleeding, Upper GI, Pediatric43
Bleeding, Vaginal, Nonpregnant Female29
Blindness, Geriatric Age
Blindness, Monocular, Transient
Blindness, Pediatric Age51
Blisters, Subepidermal
Bone and/or Soft Tissue Hypertrophy52
Bone Density, Decreased, Generalized21
Bone Density, Decreased, Localized21
Bone Disease, Proliferative53
Bone Lesions, Preferential Site of Origin54
Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes, Inherited31
Bone Marrow Fibrosis24
Bone Mass, Low18
Bone Mineral Density, Increased
Bone Pain
Bone Resorption54
Bowel Wall Thickening48
Bow Legs (Genu Varum), Classification19
Brachycardia, ICU Patient7
Bradycardia, Sinus39
Brain Mass29
Brain Tumors, Children20
Breast Inflammatory Lesion55
Breast Mass
Breast Mass, Adolescents56
Breath Odor57
Breathing Disorders, Sleep Related22
Breathing, Noisy57
Bronchial Obstruction21
Bronchopleural Fistula21
Brown Urine
Bruising
Bullous Diseases
C – Differential Diagnosis
Café-Au-Lait Spots19
Calcification on Chest X-ray
Calcifications, Abdominal, Nonvisceral on X-ray21
Calcifications, Adrenal Gland on X-ray21
Calcifications, Cardiac on X-ray21
Calcifications, Cutaneous
Calcifications, Genital Tract, Female on X-ray21
Calcifications, Liver on X-ray21
Calcifications, Pancreas on X-ray21
Calcifications, Spleen on X-ray21
Calcifications, Valvular on X-ray21
Calcium Stones
Cardiac Arrest, Nontraumatic1
Cardiac Death, Sudden18
Cardiac Enlargement39
Cardiac Masses58
Cardiac Murmurs
Cardiac Tumors59
Cardioembolism
Cardiogenic Shock
Cataplexy38
Cataracts, Pediatric Age
Cavitary Lesion on Chest X-ray60
Cerebral Infarction Secondary to Inherited Disorders
Cerebral Vasculitis, Causes61
Cerebrovascular Disease, Ischemic62
Cervical Instability, Pediatric
Chest Pain, Children45
Chest Pain, Nonpleuritic63
Chest Pain, Pleuritic
Chest Wall Tumors, Primary64
Chiasmal Disease44
Childhood Eosinophilia
Cholangitis, Acute64
Cholestasis24
Cholestasis, Neonatal and Infantile, Differential Diagnosis19
Cholestatic Liver Enzyme Elevation, Extrahepatic Causes3
Cholestatic Liver Enzyme Elevation, Intrahepatic Causes3
Chorea
Chorea, Pediatric Patient49
Choreoathetosis25
Chronic Pneumonia65
Chylothorax4
Cloudy Urine
Clubbing
Cobalamin Deficiency31
Cognitive Impairment66
Colic, Acute Abdominal2
Colon Ischemia3
Color Changes, Cutaneous57
Coma
Coma, Normal Computed Tomography18
Coma, Pediatric Population67
Compression Syndromes, Neurovascular Causes27
Congestive Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathy18
Congestive Heart Failure, Infant29
Conjunctival Neoplasm
Connective Tissue Disorders, Hereditary38
Consciousness Impairment, Acute, in Critically Ill Patient
Constipation
Constipation, Adult Patient2
Constipation, Pediatric Patient68
COPD Decompensation10
Corneal Clouding, Pediatric Age20
Corneal Sensation, Decreased
Cough
Cough, Chronic, Adult Patient28
Cough, Chronic, Pediatric Patient68
Cramps38
Creeping Eruption, Travelers69
Cutaneous Calcifications70
Cutaneous Infections, Athletes
Cutaneous Ulcers, Travelers69
Cyanosis43
Cyanosis, Central, Secondary to Cardiac Defect58
Cyanosis, Neonatal29
Cytopenias, Older Adults71
D – Differential Diagnosis
Daytime Sleepiness
Deafness, Acquired
Delayed Passage of Meconium21
Delirium1
Delirium and Agitation, Drug-Induced
Delirium, Agitated43
Delirium, Dialysis Patient1
Dementia, Adolescent Patient72
Dementias, Nondegenerative38
Demyelinating Diseases62
Developmental Delay, No Regression20
Dextrocardia37
Diaper Dermatitis73
Diaphragm Elevation, Bilateral, Symmetrical21
Diaphragm Elevation, Unilateral21
Diaphragm Weakness and Paralysis74
Diarrhea, Acute Watery and Bloody2
Diarrhea, Critically Ill Patient11
Diarrhea, Infectious43
Diarrhea, Noninfectious43
Diarrhea in Patients with AIDS3
Diarrhea, Pediatric Patient68
Diarrhea, Tube-Fed Patient24
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease, Drug-Induced75
Diplopia, Binocular
Diplopia, Monocular
Diplopia, Vertical38
Dizziness
Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome38
Drug-Induced Lupus35
Dry Eye
Dysentery and Inflammatory Enterocolitis42
Dyslipoproteinemias, Secondary Causes58
Dyspareunia55
Dyspepsia and Pyrosis, Differential Diagnosis During Pregnancy32
Dysphagia
Dysphagia, Esophageal3
Dysphagia, Oropharyngeal2
Dyspnea
Dystonia, Pediatric Patient49
Dysuria
E – Differential Diagnosis
Earache76
Ectopic ACTH Secretion24
Edema, Children23
Edema, Generalized
Edema, Leg, Unilateral1
Edema of Lower Extremities
Ejection Sound or Click
Elbow Pain
Elevated Hemidiaphragm
Emboli, Arterial1
Emesis, Pediatric Age23
Encephalomyelitis, Nonviral Causes1
Encephalopathy, Hypertensive7
Encephalopathy, Metabolic17
Encephalopathy, Progressive, Onset After Age 220
Encephalopathy, Progressive, Onset Before Age 220
Endometrial Thickening15
Enteric Fever5
Enthesopathy
Eosinophilia, Disease Associations77
Eosinophilia, GI3
Eosinophilic Lung Disease21
Eosinophilia, Parasitic Causes42
Epigastric Pain2
Epilepsy
Epilepsy Mimics, Pediatric Patient49
Epilepsy Syndromes, Age Specific5
Epistaxis
Erectile Dysfunction, Organic67
Erosions, Genitalia
Erythematous Annular Skin Lesions
Erythrocytosis31
Erythroderma
Esophageal Perforation1
Esophageal Strictures78
Esophageal Tumors, Benign78
Esophagitis1
Esophagus, Systemic Diseases78
Esotropia
Exanthems25
Eyelid Neoplasm
Eyelid Retraction
Eye Pain
F – Differential Diagnosis
Facial Pain
Facial Paralysis25
Facial Weakness, Congenital20
Facial Weakness, Postnatal20
Failure to Thrive
Fatigue
Fatigue, Chronic
Fatty Liver
Fever, Abdominal Pain, Jaundice in Pediatric Patient5
Fever and Cardiopulmonary Failure79
Fever and Jaundice
Fever and Lymphadenopathy
Fever and Rash
Fever and Rash in ICU2
Fever, after Travel to the Tropics18
Fever, Common Infectious Causes7
Fever, Drug-Induced59
Fever, Hospital Associated59
Fever in Returning Travelers and Immigrants25
Fever, Noninfectious Causes43
Fever of Unknown Origin, Pediatric Patient5
Fever, Pediatric, Acute29
Fever, Periodic53
Fever, Postoperative4
Fever, Postpartum29
Fever, Recurrent or Periodic, in Children19
Fever with Maculopapular or Petechial Rash27
Fevers Prone to Relapse35
Finger Lesions, Inflammatory
Flaccid Paralysis, Acute, Differential Diagnosis19
Flatulence and Bloating76
Floppy Infant38
Flushing80
Folate Deficiency31
Foot and Ankle Pain8
Foot and Ankle Pain, in Different Age Groups41
Foot Dermatitis
Footdrop
Foot Lesion, Ulcerating
Foot Pain
Foot Pain by Age19
Forearm and Hand Pain
Forearm Fractures18
G – Differential Diagnosis
Gait Abnormality
Galactorrhea25
Gallbladder Sonographic Nonvisualization15
Gallbladder Wall Thickening15
Gallstone Disease, Pediatric Patient5
Gastric Dilation21
Gastric Emptying, Delayed18
Gastric Emptying, Rapid
Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Pediatric Patient68
Gastrointestinal Obstruction, Pediatric Patient68
Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children, Nondigestive Causes68
Gaze Palsies20
Genital Discharge, Female55
Genital Lesions, Infectious Causes42
Genital Lesions, Noninfectious Causes42
Genital Sores18
Glomerulonephritis Associated with Malignancy11
Glomerulonephritis, Rapidly Progressive18
Glomerulopathies, Thrombotic, Microangiopathic18
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental18
Glossodynia2
Glucocorticoid Deficiency24
Goiter
Granulomatous Dermatitides
Granulomatous Disorders81
Granulomatous Liver Disease
Green or Blue Urine
Groin and Scrotal Masses4
Groin Lump2
Groin Masses
Groin Pain64
Groin Pain, Active Patient82
Groin Pain, Athletes83
Gynecomastia
H – Differential Diagnosis
Hair Loss84
Halitosis
Hallucinations, Visual, Neurologic Causes72
Hand Pain and Swelling40
Headache85
Headache, Acute46
Headache and Facial Pain17
Headache, Chronic46
Head and Neck, Soft Tissue Masses
Hearing Impairment and Deafness20
Hearing Loss, Acute1
Heartburn and Indigestion76
Heart Disease, Traumatic Causes86
Heart Failure with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction59
Heart Failure, Acute43
Heart Failure, Chronic87
Heart Failure, Congenital Heart Disease Causes88
Heart Failure, Pathogenic Causes59
Heart Failure, Pregnancy
Heat Stroke29
Heel Pain
Heel Pain, Plantar
Hemarthrosis
Hematemesis2
Hematuria
Hematuria, Differential Based on Age and Sex
Hematuria, in Children43
Hemiballism38
Hemiplegia, Acute20
Hemiplegia, Progressive20
Hemiparesis/Hemiplegia
Hemolysis and Hemoglobinuria
Hemolysis, Intravascular
Hemolysis, Mechanical
Hemolysis, Oxidative, Drug-Induced71
Hemoperitoneum
Hemoptysis
Hemoptysis/Pulmonary Hemorrhage20
Hemorrhagic Cystitis89
Hepatic Cysts17
Hepatic Dysfunction, Postoperative3
Hepatic Granulomas18
Hepatitis, Acute1
Hepatitis, Chronic1
Hepatitis, in Children19
Hepatomegaly
Hepatomegaly, by Shape of Liver2
Hermaphroditism45
True Hermaphroditism
Herniation Syndromes20
Hiccups26
Hilar and Mediastinal Lymph Node Enlargement59
Hip Pain, Children1
Hip Pain, Differential Diagnosis90
Hip Pain, in Different Age Groups41
Hip Pain without Obvious Fracture43
Hirsutism
HIV Infection, Anorectal Lesions1
HIV Infection, Chest Radiographic Abnormalities1
HIV Infection, Cognitive Impairment1
HIV Infection, Cutaneous Manifestations26
HIV Infection, Esophageal Disease
HIV Infection, Hepatic Disease1
HIV Infection, Lower GI Tract Disease1
HIV Infection, Musculoskeletal Disorders52
HIV Infection, Ocular Manifestations17
HIV Infection, Pulmonary Disease1,42
Hoarseness
Hydrocephalus20
Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia, Malignancy-Induced
Hypercapnia, Persistent17
Hypercoagulable State, Associated Disorders31
Hypergastrinemia
Hyperhidrosis45
Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia, Drug-Induced7
Hyperkalemia in Children11
Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders91
Hypermagnesemia
Hyperostosis, Cortical Bone21
Hyperphosphatemia
Hyperphosphatemia in Children11
Hyperpigmentation92
Hyperprolactinemia30
Hypersplenism, Associated Conditions
Hypertension, Adrenocortical Causes30
Hypertension, Endocrine Causes30
Hypertension, in Children43
Hypertension, Resistant11
Hypertensive Crisis Syndromes7
Hypertensive Encephalopathy14
Hypertrichosis93
Hypertrichosis, Congenital, Generalized73
Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy
Hyperventilation, Persistent17
Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcemia in Pediatric Patients11
Hypocapnia
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia, in Infants and Children19
Hypogonadism
Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia in Pediatric Patients11
Hypomagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia in Pediatric Patients11
Hyponatremia
Hypophosphatemia
Hypophosphatemia in Pediatric Patients11
Hypopigmentation
Hypotension, Postural
Hypothyroidism, Congenital19
Hypotonia, Infantile, Differential Diagnosis19
Hypotonic Polyuria11
Hypovolemia11
Hypovolemic Shock, Pediatric Population61
Hypoxemia and Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure27
I – Differential Diagnosis
Iliac Fossa Pain, Left Sided2
Iliac Fossa Pain, Right Sided2
Immunodeficiency, Congenital (Primary)
Impaired Consciousness and Coma49
Impotence80
Incontinence, Fecal2
Infectious Diarrhea in Tropics3
Infertility, Female24
Infertility, Male24
Insomnia76
Intestinal Pseudoobstruction17,68
Intraabdominal Mass Lesion, Neonatal21
Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Nonhypertensive Causes
Intracranial Lesion
Intracranial Pressure Increase56
Intracranial Tumors94
Intraocular Neoplasm
Iron Metabolism Disorders95
Iron Overload31
Acquired Iron Overload
Ischemia, Upper Extremity, Causes60
Ischemic Bowel Disease29
Ischemic Colitis, Nonocclusive26
Ischemic Necrosis of Cartilage and Bone24
J – Differential Diagnosis
Jaundice
Jaundice, Classification18
Jaundice in Pregnancy96
Jaundice, Neonatal18
Joint and Periarticular Pain, Acute8
Joint Pain, Anterior Hip, Medial Thigh, Knee25
Joint Pain, Hip, Lateral Thigh25
Joint Pain, Polyarticular
Joint Pain, Posterior Hips, Thigh, Buttocks25
Joint Swelling
Jugular Venous Distention
Juvenile Arthritis56
K – Differential Diagnosis
Keratitis, Noninfectious
Kidney Cystic Disease89
Kidney Enlargement, Unilateral2
Kidney Injury, Cancer Patients11
Knee Pain25
Knee Pain, in Different Age Groups41
L – Differential Diagnosis
Large Bowel Stricture21
Left Axis Deviation97
Left Bundle Branch Block
Leg Cramps, Nocturnal
Leg Length Discrepancies51
Leg Movement when Standing, Involuntary
Leg Pain, Exertional58
Leg Pain with Exercise
Leg Swelling29
Leg Ulcers25
Leptomeningeal Metastases38
Lethargy and Coma20
Leukocoria
Lid Retraction, Causes98
Light-Near Dissociation44
Limb Ischemia, Acute, Nontraumatic64
Limp
Limping, Pediatric Age51
Livedo Reticularis
Liver Disease, Pregnancy2
Liver Lesions, Benign, Often Confused with Malignancy
Lower GI Ulcerative Lesions99
Low-Voltage ECG
Lumbar Spine, Viscerogenic Pain Referred to Lumbar Spine351∗
Lung Cancer, Occupational Causes21
Lung Disease and Gastrointestinal and Liver Involvement13
Lung Disease and Renal Involvement13
Lung Disease and Skin and Subcutaneous Lesions13
Lung Disease with Bone, Joint, Nerve, and Muscle Involvement13
Lung Tumors, Benign78
Lung Volumes in Diffuse Lung Disease59
Lymphadenopathy24
Lymphangitis1
Lymphedema100
Lymphocytosis, Atypical1
M – Differential Diagnosis
Macrocephaly101
Macrothrombocytopenia, Inherited31
Macular Crystals44
Madarosis44
Malabsorption2
Malabsorption Syndrome in Tropics3
Malnutrition, Causes in Early Life19
Mastalgia, Medication Induced102
Mediastinal Compartments, Anatomy and Pathology103
Mediastinal Masses or Widening on Chest X-ray
Mediastinal Masses, Sites of Origin48
Mediastinitis, Acute1
Melanonychia
Memory Loss Symptoms, Elderly Patients
Meningitis, Chronic1
Meningitis, Recurrent1
Mental Status Changes and Coma43
Mental status changes and coma, structural causes29
Mental Status Changes and Coma, Metabolic and Systemic Causes
Mesenteric Arterial Embolism, Associated Factors43
Mesenteric Ischemia, Nonocclusive1
Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis1
Metastatic Neoplasms
Methemoglobinemia, Drug-Induced34
Microcephaly45,101
Micropenis80
Miosis
Monoarthritis, Acute
Monocytosis31
Mononeuropathy
Mononeuropathy, Isolated43
Mononeuropathy Multiplex10
Mononucleosis, Monospot Negative18
Monoplegia, Acute20
Movement Disorder, Hyperkinetic94
Movement Disorder, Pediatric Patient72
Movement Disorders and Cognitive Impairment72
Movement Disorders, Neuroleptic-Induced72
Multivalvular Heart Disease58
Muscle Discomfort Due to Drugs and Toxins38
Muscle Disease47
Muscle Weakness
Muscle Weakness, Lower Motor Neuron Versus Upper Motor Neuron
Musculoskeletal Benign Tumors and Tumorlike Lesions52
Musculoskeletal Malignant Tumors and Tumorlike Lesions52
Mydriasis
Myelin Diseases38
Myelitis7
Myelopathy and Myelitis17
Myocardial Ischemia17
Myoclonus
Myoclonus, Drug-Induced49
Myoclonus, Pediatric Patient68
Myopathic Pain Syndromes38
Myopathic Syndromes, Drug-Induced90
Myopathies Associated with Rest Pain90
Myopathies, HIV Associated8
Myopathies, Infectious
Myopathies, Inflammatory
Myopathies, Metabolic90
Myopathies, Toxic18
Myopathy, Drug-Induced35
Myositis, Infectious Causes90
Myositis, Inflammatory18
N – Differential Diagnosis
Nail Clubbing
Nail, Horizontal White Lines (Beau Lines)
Nail Koilonychia
Nail Onycholysis
Nail Pitting
Nail Splinter Hemorrhage
Nail Striations
Nail Telangiectasia
Nail Whitening (Terry Nails)
Nail Yellowing
Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Tumors21
Nasal Blockage96
Nasal Masses, Congenital21
Nasopharyngeal Tumors22
Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea and Vomiting, Causes During Pregnancy32
Nausea and Vomiting, Chronic3
Neck and Arm Pain
Neck Mass25
Neck Pain25
Neck Pain from Rheumatologic Disorders8
Neck Pain, Nonmuscular Causes35
Necrotizing Pneumonias18
Neonatal Seizures Mimics20
Neoplastic Lesions, Lumbosacral Spine35
Nephritic Syndrome, Acute18
Nephrocalcinosis
Nephropathy, Obstructive89
Neurogenic Bladder104
Neurologic Deficit, Focal1
Neurologic Deficit, Multifocal1
Neuromuscular Junction Dysfunction18
Neuronopathies, Sensory (Ganglionopathies)43
Neuropathic Bladder (Head)
Neuropathies, Autonomic, Peripheral, Causes59
Neuropathies, Painful62
Neuropathies, Peripheral, Asymmetrical Proximal/Distal43
Neuropathies, Sensory Ataxic38
Neuropathies, Small Fiber38
Neuropathies, Toxic and Metabolic19
Neuropathies with Autonomic Nervous System Involvement38
Neuropathies with Facial Nerve Involvement
Neutropenia, Drug-Induced34
Neutropenia with Decreased Marrow Reserve31
Neutropenia with Normal Marrow Reserve31
Neutropenia, in Childhood105
Neutrophilia31
Nipple Discharge68
Nipple Lesions
Nodular Lesions, Skin
Nodules, Painful
Nystagmus
Nystagmus, Downbeat38
Nystagmus, Monocular
O – Differential Diagnosis
Ocular Motor Apraxia, Associated Disorders38
Odynophagia2
Olfactory Function Impairment38
Opacification of Hemidiaphragm on X-ray21
Ophthalmoplegia18
Ophthalmoplegia, Acute, Bilateral38
Ophthalmoplegia, Acute, Unilateral20
Ophthalmoplegia and Gaze Palsies38
Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic38
Ophthalmoplegia, Combined Vertical Gaze38
Ophthalmoplegia, Internuclear38
Ophthalmoplegia, Total38
Opsoclonus61
Optic Atrophy47
Optic Disc Elevation44
Optic Disc Swelling20
Oral Mucosa, Erythematous Lesions63
Oral Mucosa, Pigmented Lesions63
Oral Mucosa, Punctate Erosive Lesions63
Oral Mucosa, White Lesions63
Oral Soft Tissue Tumors94
Oral Ulcers, Acute
Oral Vesicles and Ulcers18
Orbital Inflammation44
Orbital Lesions, Calcified
Orbital Lesions, Cystic
Orbital Neoplasms, Malignant106
Orgasm Dysfunction55
Orofacial Pain
Osteolytic Benign Bone Lesions, Multiple52
Osteomyelitis, Pediatric Patient5
Osteoporosis in Children52
Osteoporosis, Secondary Causes
Osteosclerosis, Diffuse21
Osteosclerotic Benign Bone Lesions, Multiple52
Ovarian Enlargement, Nonneoplastic99
Ovulatory Dysfunction26
P – Differential Diagnosis
Pain, Midfoot
Pain, Plantar Aspect, Heel
Pain, Posterior Heel
Pain Syndromes without Chronic Myopathy38
Palindromic Rheumatism40
Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis
Palpable Gallbladder96
Palpitations76
Pancoast Syndrome14
Pancreatic Calcifications
Pancreatic Cystic Lesions48
Pancreatic Solid Lesions48
Pancreatitis, Acute, in Children19
Pancreatitis, Drug-Induced43
Pancytopenia31
Pancytopenia Syndrome, Inherited19
Papilledema
Papulosquamous Diseases24
Paralysis and Muscular Rigidity, Drug-Induced49
Paralytic Ileus107
Paranasal Sinus Malignancies22
Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Endocrine17
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nonendocrine17
Paraparesis101
Paraparesis, Acute or Subacute47
Paraparesis, Chronic Progressive47
Paraparesis, Painless72
Paraplegia
Parasellar Masses30
Paresthesias
Parkinsonism49
Parkinsonism and Other Acute Extrapyramidal Reactions, Drug-Induced49
Parkinsonism-Plus Syndromes
Parotid Swelling108
Pelvic Avulsion Fractures52
Pelvic Mass
Pelvic Pain, Causes in Women43
Pelvic Pain, Chronic93
Pelvic Pain, Cyclic and Acyclic12
Pelvic Pain, Genital Origin1
Pelvic Pain, Nonpregnant Female29
Penile Rash
Perianal Pain2
Pericardial Effusion
Peripheral Arterial Disease, Nonatherosclerotic Causes71
Peripheral Inflammatory Arthritis53
Periodic Paralysis, Hyperkalemic
Periodic Paralysis, Hypokalemic
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis24
Peritoneal Effusion109
Periumbilical Swelling
Pharyngeal Obstruction, Causes13
Pheochromocytoma-Type Spells30
Photodermatoses24
Photosensitivity
Pigmenturia43
Pituitary Insufficiency, Acquired36
Pituitary Region Tumors21
Platelet Dysfunction, Drug-Induced71
Pleural Effusions
Pleural Effusions, Malignancy-Associated
Pleural Hyperplasia78
Pleural Masses78
Pneumatosis Intestinalis in Neonate and Older Child21
Pneumonia, Chronic42
Pneumonia Mimics110
Pneumonia, Nonresponding, Causes13
Pneumonia, Recurrent
Pneumoperitoneum, Neonatal21
Pneumothorax, in Children19
Poliosis44
Polycythemia
Polycythemias, Differential Diagnosis34
Polycythemia, Relative Versus Absolute31
Polymyalgias90
Polyneuropathies with Predominantly Upper Limb Motor Involvement38
Polyneuropathy62
Polyneuropathy, Demyelinating43
Polyneuropathy, Distal Sensorimotor43
Polyneuropathy, Drug-Induced62
Polyneuropathy, Symmetric62
Polyuria
Popliteal Swelling
Portal Hypertension18
Postmenopausal Bleeding
Postural Hypotension, Nonneurologic Causes
Posturing Abnormality20
Premature Graying, Scalp Hair
Premature Ventricular Contractions and Ventricular Tachycardia43
Prepubertal Bleeding without Breast Development102
Presacral Masses in Children15
Primary Angiitis of CNS111
Prolonged QT Syndromes10
Proptosis22
Proptosis and Palatal Necrotic Ulcers
Protein-Losing Enteropathy, Pediatric Age19
Proteinuria
Pruritus
Pruritus ANI10
Pruritus Vulvae47
Pseudocellulitis70
Pseudocyanosis, Etiology
Pseudohermaphroditism, Female
Pseudohermaphroditism, Male
Pseudoinfarction97
Psychosis25
Psychosis, Medical Disorders-Induced10
Psychosis, Medication-Induced10
Ptosis20
Puberty, Delayed80
Puberty, Precocious
Pulmonary Artery Segment Abnormalities37
Pulmonary Crackles
Pulmonary Cysts on X-ray21
Pulmonary Edema, Noncardiogenic21
Pulmonary Eosinophilia28
Pulmonary Hemorrhage, Diffuse, Alveolar14
Pulmonary Hemorrhage, Focal27
Pulmonary Hemorrhage, Pediatric Age
Pulmonary Hemorrhagic Syndromes, Diffuse21
Pulmonary Infiltrates Associations106
Pulmonary Infiltrates, Immunocompromised Host103
Pulmonary Lesions
Pulmonary Mass, Solitary, Causes21
Pulmonary Mass, Solitary, Mimics21
Pulmonary Nodule, Solitary
Pulmonary Nodules, Multiple in Patient with Prior Cancer74
Pulmonary Opacities94
Pulmonary–Renal Syndromes, Causes9
Pulsatile Tinnitus22
Pulseless Electrical Activity
Pupillary Dilatation, Poor Response to Darkness
Purpura
Purpura, Nonpalpable31
Purpura, Nonpurpuric Disorders Simulating Purpura18
Purpura, Palpable31
Q – Differential Diagnosis
QT Interval Prolongation97
R – Differential Diagnosis
Radiation-Induced Neoplasms54
Rectal Mass, Palpable2
Rectal Pain
Red Blood Cell Aplasia, Acquired, Etiology
Red Blood Cell Fragmentation Hemolysis, Causes34
Red Eye
Red Eye, Acute112
Red Hot Joint
Red Urine
Renal Allograft Dysfunction59
Renal Artery Occlusion, Causes
Renal Colic112
Renal Cystic Disorders
Renal Disease, Skin Manifestations11
Renal Failure, Acute, Pigment-Induced43
Renal Failure, Chronic59
Renal Failure, Intrinsic or Parenchymal Causes17
Renal Failure, Postrenal Causes17
Renal Failure, Prerenal Causes17
Renal Infarction9
Renal Parenchymal Disease, Chronic21
Renal Vein Thrombosis, Causes
Respiratory Distress in the Newborn, Causes32
Respiratory Dysfunction Associated with Central Nervous System74
Respiratory Dysfunction Associated with Peripheral Nervous System74
Respiratory Failure, Hypoventilatory25
Respiratory Muscle Weakness27
Retinopathy, Hypertensive
Rhinitis
Rhinitis, Chronic28
Rhinosinusitis, Differential Diagnosis13
Rib Defects on X-ray21
Rib Notching on X-ray21
Right Axis Deviation97
S – Differential Diagnosis
Saccadic Intrusions and Oscillations38
Salivary Gland Enlargement
Salivary Gland Secretion, Decreased
Scleroderma-Like Syndromes18
Scleroderma-Like Syndromes, Drug-Induced53
Scrotal Calcifications15
Scrotal Masses, Boys and Adolescents19
Scrotal Pain25
Scrotal Pain, Adolescent or Pediatric Patient89
Scrotal Swelling
Seizure
Seizure, Pediatric43
Seizure Mimics18
Seizures, Neonatal, Due to Neurocutaneous Disorders20
Seizures, Neonatal Peak Time of Onset20
Sexual Differentiation Abnormalities89
Sexual Dysfunction, Female18
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Anorectal Region10
Sexual Precocity113
Shoulder Pain
Shoulder Pain by Location
Shoulder Pain, in Different Age Groups41
Sinovenous Occlusive Disease, Intracranial38
Sinus Node Dysfunction59
Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysms37
Sinus Ostial Obstruction42
Sinus Tachycardia27
Skin and Renal11
Skin Induration, Chronic90
Skin, Thickened and Tethered96
Sleep-Related Hallucinations50
Sleeptalking50
Small Bowel Masses2
Small Bowel Obstruction10
Small Intestine Ulceration
Smell Disturbance
Sodium Retention, Renal Causes11
Soft Tissue Mass Mimicking Malignancy52
Soft Tissue Tumors, Pediatric Patients52
Sore Throat43
Spastic Paraplegias
Spinal Cord Compression, Epidural
Spinal Cord Dysfunction
Spinal Cord Dysfunction, Nontraumatic43
Spinal Cord Ischemic Syndromes38
Spinal Tumors24
Spinal Paraplegia20
Splenic Cysts, Classification64
Splenic Masses, Focal Solid15
Splenic Nodules15
Splenic Tumors, Classification64
Splenomegaly
Splenomegaly and Hepatomegaly2
Splenomegaly and Hypersplenism71
Splenomegaly, Children31
Spontaneous Pneumothorax10
Statural Overgrowth30
Steatohepatitis
Steatosis, Macrovesicular and Microvesicular94
Sterile Pyuria12
Stomatitis, Bullous
Stridor in Neonates29
Stridor, Pediatric Age45
Stroke17
Stroke, Pediatric Age97
Stroke, Young Adult, Causes18
ST-Segment Depression, Noncoronary Causes87
ST-Segment Elevation29
ST Segment Elevations, Nonischemic
Sudden Cardiac Death86
Sudden Death, Pediatric Age45
Sudden Death, Young Athlete
Superior Vena Cava Segment Abnormalities37
Swollen Limb
Sympathomimetic Toxicity12
T – Differential Diagnosis
Tall Stature80
Tardive Dyskinesia85
Taste and Smell Loss18
Telangiectasia
Tendinopathy10
Testicular Cystic Lesions15
Testicular Failure114
Testicular Pain
Testicular Size Variations114
Tetanus10
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms37
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia, in Pregnancy31
Thrombocytopenia, Inherited Disorders18
Thrombocytopenia in Newborns, Differential Diagnosis34
Thrombocytosis
Thrombosis or Thrombotic Diathesis18
Thymic Masses78
Thymoma, Diseases Associations78
Thyromegaly
Thyrotoxicosis30
Tick-Related Infections
Tics
Torsades De Pointes97
Toxic Megacolon, Causes64
Tracheobronchial Narrowing On X-ray21
Transient Amnesia101
Tremor
Tremor, in Children, Causes19
Trichomegaly44
Tubulointerstitial Disease, Acute24
Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease24
Tumor Markers Elevation2
U – Differential Diagnosis
Upper Airway Obstruction12
Uremic Encephalopathy, Differential Diagnosis9
Ureteral Colic115
Ureteral Stricture89
Ureteric Obstruction, Congenital21
Urethral Bleeding89
Urethral Discharge and Dysuria
Urethral Obstruction, Children21
Urethritis, Pediatric Patient5
Uric Acid Stones
Urinary Incontinence, Children19
Urinary Retention115
Urinary Retention, Acute
Urinary Tract Bleeding, Upper89
Urinary Tract Obstruction59
Urinary Tract Obstruction, Congenital Causes11
Urine Casts
Urine Color Abnormalities115
Urine, Red104
Urolithiasis-Like Pain11
Uropathy, Obstructive17
Urosepsis115
Urticaria in Travelers69
Uterine Bleeding, Abnormal55
Uveitis, Pediatric Age
V – Differential Diagnosis
Vaginal Bleeding, Abnormal
Vaginal Bleeding, Pregnancy93
Vaginal Discharge, Prepubertal Girls23
Valvular Heart Disease18
Vascular Lesions of GI Tract3
Vasculitis, Classification
Vasculitis (Diseases That Mimic Vasculitis)25
Vegetative State, Persistent18
Ventilation Disorders96
Ventilation–Perfusion Mismatch on Lung Scan
Ventricular Failure
Verrucous Lesions
Vertebral Lesions106
Vertigo
Vertigo, Central29
Vesicular or Bullous Skin Rash12
Vesiculobullous Diseases24
Viral Encephalitis, Common Causes94
Vision Loss, Acute, Painful
Vision Loss, Acute, Painless
Vision Loss, Acute, Pediatric Age20
Vision Loss After Diving112
Vision Loss, Children
Vision Loss, Chronic, Progressive
Vision Loss, Monocular, Transient
Vision Loss, Progressive, Pediatric Age20
Visual Hallucinations101
Visual Impairment, Elderly Patient101
Vitreous Hemorrhage98
Vocal Cord Paralysis
Volume Depletion18
Volume Excess18
Vomiting
Vomiting, Neonatal29
Vulvar Lesions55
Vulvar Pain99
Vulvitis, Granulomatous
W – Differential Diagnosis
Weakness, Acute, Emergent10
Weakness, Gradual Onset
Weakness, Nonneuromuscular Causes
Weight Gain
Weight Loss
Wheezing
Wheezing, Pediatric Age45
Wrist and Hand Pain35
Wrist and Hand Pain, in Different Age Groups41
Wrist Pain
X – Differential Diagnosis
Xanthomas70
Xerophthalmia25
Xerostomia25
Y – Differential Diagnosis
Yellow Urine
References
Section III. Clinical Algorithms
Introduction
Additional algorithms content is available at Elsevier eBooks+ (eBooks.Health.Elsevier.com).
A – Clinical Algorithms
Abdominal Abscess
Abdominal Pain, Acute
Abdominal Pain, Right Upper Quadrant
Acid-Base Homeostasis
Acidosis, Metabolic
Acidosis, Respiratory, Acute
Acidosis, Respiratory, Chronic
Airway Obstruction, Malignant
Alkalosis, Metabolic
Alkalosis, Respiratory Treatment
Allergic Reaction to Vaccines
Altered Mental Status and Coma
Alveolar Filling Disorders
Alveolar Hemorrhage
Ambiguous Genitalia
Anemia
Anemia, Macrocytic
Anemia, Microcytic
Anisocoria
Anorectal Complaints
Azoospermia
B – Clinical Algorithms
Back Pain
Bleeding and Bruising Problems
Bleeding Disorders
Bleeding, Patient on Dabigatran
Bleeding, Patient on Oral Factor Xa Inhibitors
Bradycardia
Breast Lump
Bullae on Lower Extremities
C – Clinical Algorithms
Café-au-Lait Macules
Cardiac Arrest
Cardiogenic Shock
Cardiomegaly on Chest X-ray
Cardiomyopathy
Caustic Ingestion
Chest Pain
Connective Tissue Disorder, Suspected
Connective Tissue Laboratory Tests
Convulsive Disorder, Suspected, Pediatric Patient
Cough, Chronic
Cystitis, Acute
D – Clinical Algorithms
Daytime Sleepiness, Pediatric Patient
Defecation Disorder, Pediatric Age
Diarrhea, Watery
Dilated Pupil
Dyspnea
E – Clinical Algorithms
Eating Disorder
Edema
Epilepsy
Erythrocytosis, Acquired
Esophageal Foreign Body
Esophageal Perforation
Exanthematous Drug Reaction
F – Clinical Algorithms
Fever and Infection in High-Risk Hematology Patient without Obvious Source
Fever and Neutropenia
Fever and Neutropenia, Pediatric Patient
Fever and Rash
Food Reaction
G – Clinical Algorithms
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Gastrointestinal Fistula
Goiter Evaluation and Management
Granuloma, Noninfectious
H – Clinical Algorithms
Hearing Loss
Hematochezia, Management
Hematuria, Pediatric Patient
Hepatic Mass
Hepatomegaly
Hypercalcemia
Hypercapnia
Hyperpigmentation
Hypokalemia
Hypotension, Postoperative
Hypovolemic Shock
Hypoxemia
Hypoxemia, Postoperative
I – Clinical Algorithms
Infections of Soft Tissue, Joints, and Bone
Infectious Diarrhea
Intraabdominal Infection, Suspected
J – Clinical Algorithms
Joint Effusion
Joint Pain and Swelling
L – Clinical Algorithms
Leg Ulcers
Limb Ischemia, Acute
Liver Function Test Elevations
Liver Mass
M – Clinical Algorithms
Mediastinal Mass
Mental Status Change, Elderly Patient
Musculoskeletal Complaints
Musculoskeletal Pain, Chronic
N – Clinical Algorithms
Nausea and Vomiting
Neck Mass
Neck Pain
O – Clinical Algorithms
Occupational Asthma
Otalgia and Otorrhea
P – Clinical Algorithms
Palpitations, Dizziness, and/or Syncope
Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumors
Pancreatic Mass
Pelvic Pain, Women, Diagnostic Evaluation
Pelvic Pain, Women, Management
Peripheral Neuropathy
Photosensitivity
Pleural Infection
Pneumothorax, Traumatic
Premature Ventricular Complexes
Proteinuria in Children
Pruritus in Pregnant Woman
Pulmonary Nodule
Purpura
R – Clinical Algorithms
Rash, Acute Generalized Skin Eruption
Rectal Ulcer
Red Eye
Renal Mass
Renal Trauma
Rhinitis
S – Clinical Algorithms
Scrotal Mass
Seizures, Newborn
Shock
Short Stature
Shoulder Pain
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Sleep Disorders Associated with Pregnancy
Sleep Disorders Not Characterized by Hypersomnia
Sleep-Related Movement Disorders
Sore Throat
Spinal Metastatic Disease
Splenic Injury
Spondyloarthropathy, Diagnosis
Spondyloarthropathy, Treatment
T – Clinical Algorithms
Tachycardia, Diagnostic Approach
Tachycardia, Narrow Complex
Tachycardia, Pediatric Patient
Tachycardia, Wide QRS
Testicular Mass
Thrombotic Microangiopathies, Differential Diagnosis
Trauma in Pregnancy
Traumatic Aortic Injury
U – Clinical Algorithms
Urethral Discharge or Dysuria
Urinary Symptoms, Lower Urinary Tract
Urinary Tract Obstruction
V – Clinical Algorithms
Vaginal Discharge, Evaluation
Vaginitis, Pediatric
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Ventricular Fibrillation or Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia
Vertigo
Viral Exanthem
Vomiting, Acute, Management
W – Clinical Algorithms
Weakness
Weight Loss, Unintentional
Section IV. Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Introduction
A – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
ACE Level
Acetone (serum or plasma)
Acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody
Acid-Base Reference Values
Acid Phosphatase (serum)
Acid Serum Test
Activated Clotting Time (ACT)
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT, aPTT)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Alanine Aminopeptidase
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT, SGPT)
Albumin (serum)
Alcohol Dehydrogenase
ALDOLASE (serum)
Aldosterone
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) (serum)
Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (serum)
Alpha-1-Fetoprotein (serum)
ALT
Aluminum (serum)
AMA
Amebiasis Serologic Test
Aminolevulinic Acid (δ-ALA) (24-h urine collection)
Ammonia (serum)
Amylase (serum)
Amylase, Urine
Amyloid a Protein (serum)
ANA
ANCA
Androstenedione (serum)
Angiotensin II
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE level)
ANH
Anion Gap (AG)
Anticardiolipin Antibody (ACA)
Anticoagulant
Antidiuretic Hormone
Anti-DNA
Anti-DS DNA
Antiglobulin Test
Antiglomerular Basement Antibody
Antihistone
Antimitochondrial Antibody (AMA, Mitochondrial antibody)
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)
Antinuclear Antibody (ANA)
Anti-RNP Antibody
Anti-Scl-70
Anti-Sm (anti-Smith) Antibody
Anti-Smooth Muscle Antibody
Antistreptolysin O Titer (Streptozyme, ASLO titer)
Antithrombin III
Apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-1)
Apolipoprotein B (Apo B)
Arterial Blood Gases
Extrarenal Acidosis: Increase in Net Acid Excretion
Arthrocentesis Fluid
ASO Titer
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST, SGOT)
Atrial Natriuretic Hormone (ANH)
B – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
Basophil Count
Bicarbonate
Bile, Urine
Bilirubin, Direct (conjugated bilirubin)
Bilirubin, Indirect (unconjugated bilirubin)
Bilirubin, Total
Bilirubin, Urine
Bladder Tumor Associated Antigen
Bleeding Time (modified Ivy method)
Blood Type
Blood Volume, Total
BNP
Bordetella Pertussis Serology
BRCA Analysis
Breath Hydrogen Test (hydrogen breath test)
BUN
C – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
C282Y and H63D Mutation Analysis
C3
C4
Calcitonin (serum)
Calcium (serum)
Calcium, Urine
Cancer Antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3)
Cancer Antigen 27-29 (CA 27-29)
Cancer Antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4)
Cancer Antigen 125 (CA 125)
Captopril Stimulation Test
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Carbamazepine Level
Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9
Carbon Dioxide, Partial Pressure
Carbon Monoxide
Carboxyhemoglobin
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA)
Carotene (serum)
Catecholamines, Urine
CBC
CD40 Ligand
CD4+ T-Lymphocyte Count (CD4+ T cells)
CEA
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Ceruloplasmin (serum)
Chlamydia Group Antibody Serologic Test
Chlamydia Trachomatis PCR
Chloride (serum)
Chloride (sweat)
Chloride, Urine
Cholecystokinin-Pancreozymin (CCK, CCK-PZ)
Cholesterol, High-Density Lipoprotein
Cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein
Cholesterol, Total
Chorionic Gonadotropins, Human (serum) (hCG)
Chymotrypsin
Circulating Anticoagulant (lupus anticoagulant)
CK
Clonidine Suppression Test
Clostridium Difficile Toxin Assay (stool)
CO
Coagulation Factors
Cobalamin, Serum
Cold Agglutinins Titer
Complement
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Conjugated Bilirubin
Copper (serum)
Copper, Urine
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) Stimulation Test
Cortisol, Plasma
Coombs Direct
Coombs Indirect
COVID-19
C-Peptide
CPK
C-Reactive Protein
C-Reactive Protein, High Sensitivity (hs-CRP, cardio-CRP)
Creatine Kinase (CK, CPK)
Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes
Creatinine (serum)
Creatinine Clearance
Creatinine, Urine
Cryoglobulins (serum)
Cryptosporidium Antigen By EIA (stool)
CSF
Cystatin C
Cystic Fibrosis PCR
Cytomegalovirus by PCR
D – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
d-Dimer
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate
Dihydrotestosterone (serum, urine)
Deoxycorticosterone (11-deoxycorticosterone, DOC) (serum)
Dexamethasone Suppression Test, Overnight
Digoxin
Digoxin Level
Dilantin
Direct Antiglobulin (Coombs Direct)
Disaccharide Absorption Tests
DOC
Donath-Landsteiner (D-L) Test for Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria
Dopamine
D-Xylose Absorption
D-Xylose Absorption Test
E – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Electrophoresis, Hemoglobin
Electrophoresis, Protein
Ena Complex
Endomysial Antibodies
Eosinophil Count
Epinephrine, Plasma
Epstein-Barr Virus Serology
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR, sed rate, sedimentation rate)
Erythropoietin (EP)
Estradiol (serum)
Estrogen
Ethanol (blood)
Extractable nuclear antigen (ENA complex, anti-RNP antibody, anti-sm, anti-Smith)
F – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Factor V Leiden
Fasting Blood Sugar
FBS
FDP
Fecal Fat, Quantitative (72-h collection)
Fecal Globin Immunochemical Test
Ferritin (serum)
α-1 Fetoprotein
Fibrin Degradation Product (FDP)
Fibrinogen
Folate (folic acid)
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Free T4
Free Thyroxine Index
FTA-ABS (serum)
Furosemide Stimulation Test
G – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
Gastrin (serum)
Gastrin Stimulation Test
Gliadin Antibodies, IgA and IgG
Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Antibody
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Glucagon
Glucose, Fasting (FBS, fasting blood sugar)
Glucose, Postprandial
Glucose Tolerance Test
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Screen (blood)
γ-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
Glycohemoglobin (glycated glycosylated hemoglobin), (HbA1c)
Growth Hormone
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH)
Growth Hormone Suppression Test (after glucose)
H – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Ham Test (acid serum test)
Haptoglobin (serum)
HBA1c
HDL
Helicobacter Pylori (serology, stool antigen)
Hematocrit
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin A1c
Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
Hemoglobin, Glycated
Hemoglobin, Glycosylated
Hemoglobin H
Hemoglobin, Urine
Hemosiderin, Urine
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Antibodies
Hepatitis A Antibody
Hepatitis A Virus-IgM Antibody
Hepatitis A Virus Total Antibody
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg)
Hepatitis B Viral Infection
Hepatitis C RNA
Hepatitis C Viral Infection
Hepatitis D Viral Infection
Hepatitis Delta Coinfection (acute HDV1 acute HBV) or Superinfection (acute HDV1 chronic HBV)
Hepatitis D Virus-Ab (IgM)
Hepatitis D Virus-Ag
Hepatitis D Virus-Ab (total)
Her-2/Neu
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Heterophil Antibody
HFE Screen for Hereditary Hemochromatosis
High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol
HLA Antigens
Homocysteine (plasma)
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV8)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibody, Type 1 (HIV-1)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Antigen (p24), Qualitative (p24 antigen)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load
Human PapillomaVirus (HPV)
Huntington Disease PCR
Hydrogen Breath Test
5-Hydroxyindole-Acetic Acid, Urine
I – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Immune Complex Assay
Immunoglobulins
Indirect Antiglobulin (Coombs Indirect)
Influenza A and B Tests
Insulin Autoantibodies
Insulin, Free
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) (Serum)
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II
International Normalized Ratio (INR)
Intrinsic Factor Antibodies
Iron (Serum)
Iron-Binding Capacity, Total (TIBC)
Iron Saturation (% Transferrin Saturation)
L – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Lactate (blood)
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes
Lactose Tolerance Test (serum)
Lap Score
Lead
LDH
LDL
Legionella Pneumophila PCR
Legionella Titer
Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase (LAP)
Leukocyte Count
Lipase
Lipoprotein(a)
Lipoprotein Cholesterol, High-Density
Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Low-Density
Liver Kidney Microsome Type 1 Antibodies (LKM1)
LKM1
Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol
Lupus Anticoagulant
Luteinizing Hormone
Lyme Disease Antibody Titer
Lymphocytes
M – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Magnesium (serum)
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
Metanephrines, Urine
Methylmalonic Acid (Serum)
Mitochondrial Antibody (AMA)
Monocyte Count
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae PCR
Myelin Basic Protein, Cerebrospinal Fluid
Myoglobin, Urine
N – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae PCR
Neutrophil Count
Norepinephrine
5′-Nucleotidase
O – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Osmolality (serum)
Osmolality, Urine
Osmotic Fragility Test
P – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Paracentesis Fluid
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Parietal Cell Antibodies
Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
Pepsinogen I
PH, Blood
PH, Urine
Phenobarbital
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Phosphatase, Acid
Phosphatase, Alkaline
Phosphate (serum)
Plasma Cells
Plasminogen
Platelet Aggregation
Platelet Antibodies
Platelet Count
Platelet Function Analysis 100 Assay (PFA)
Pleural Fluid
Potassium (serum)
Potassium, Urine
Procainamide
Progesterone (serum)
Prolactin
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)
Prostatic Acid Phosphatase
Protein (serum)
Protein C Assay
Protein Electrophoresis (serum)
Protein S Assay
Prothrombin Time (PT)
Protoporphyrin (Free erythrocyte)
PSA
PT
PTH
PTT
R – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR)
RDW
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Count
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
Red Blood Cell Folate
Red Blood Cell Mass (volume)
Red Blood Cell Morphology
Renin (serum)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Screen
Reticulocyte Count
Rheumatoid Factor
RPR
Rotavirus Serology
S – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
SARS-COV-2 Antibodies
Sed Rate
Sedimentation Rate
Semen Analysis
SGOT
SGPT
Sickle Cell Test
Smooth Muscle Antibody
Sodium (serum)
Streptozyme
Sucrose Hemolysis Test (sugar water test)
Sudan III Stain (qualitative screening for fecal fat)
Synovial Fluid Analysis
T – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
T3 (triiodothyronine)
T3 Resin Uptake (T3RU)
T4, Free (Free thyroxine)
T4, Serum T4
Tegretol
Testosterone (total testosterone)
Theophylline
Thoracentesis Fluid
Thrombin Time (TT), Thrombin Clotting Time (TCT)
Thyroglobulin
Thyroid Microsomal Antibodies
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Thyrotropin (TSH) Receptor Antibodies
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) Stimulation Test
Thyroxine (T4)
TIBC
Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody
Transferrin
Triglycerides
Triiodothyronine
Troponins (serum)
TSH
TT
Tuberculin Test (PPD)
U – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Unconjugated Bilirubin
Urea Nitrogen, Blood (BUN)
Uric Acid (serum)
Urinalysis
Urine Amylase
Urine Bile
Urine Calcium
Urine Camp
Urine Catecholamines
Urine Chloride
Urine Copper
Urine Cortisol, Free
Urine Creatinine (24 h)
Urine Crystals
Urine Eosinophils
Urine Glucose (qualitative)
Urine Hemoglobin, Free
Urine Hemosiderin
Urine 5-Hydroxyindole-Acetic Acid (urine 5-HIAA)
Urine Indican
Urine Ketones (semiquantitative)
Urine Metanephrines
Urine Myoglobin
Urine Nitrite
Urine Occult Blood
Urine Osmolality
Urine pH
Urine Phosphate
Urine Potassium
Urine Protein (quantitative)
Urine Sediment
Urine Sodium (quantitative)
Urine Specific Gravity
Urine Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA)
V – Laboratory Tests and Interpretation of Results
Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Serology
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)
VDRL
Viscosity (serum)
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
Vitamin D, 1,25 Dihydroxy Calciferol
Vitamin K
Von Willebrand Factor
Section V. Clinical Practice Guidelines
Introduction
Introduction
Clinical Practice Guidelines – Immunizations and Chemoprophylaxis
Childhood and Adolescent Immunizations
General Recommendations on Immunization
Vaccine Administration∗
Immunizations for Adults
Vaccinations for International Travel
Passive Immunizations for Adults
Recommendations for Providing Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinical Services
Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Infections in the United States
Hepatitis A Prophylaxis
Influenza Treatment and Prophylaxis
Indications for Use of Antivirals
Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults, Adolescents, and Pregnant Women
Recommendations for Meningococcal Vaccination
Vaccine Websites And Resources
I. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Terms
Appendix Ia. Definitions of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Terms
Appendix Ib. Relaxation Techniques
Appendix Ic. Overview of Selected Natural Products
Appendix Id. Natural Products and Drug Interactions
Appendix Ie. Commonly Ingested Plants with Significant Toxic Potential
Appendix If. Herbs Associated with Toxicity
Appendix Ig. Websites Providing Data on Herbal Therapy Hazards
Appendix Ih. Common Herbs in Integrated Medicine
Appendix Ii. Herbal Activities Against Pain and Chronic Diseases
II. Nutrition
Appendix IIa. Dietary Supplements: What Every Primary Care Provider Should Know
Appendix IIb. Vitamins and Their Functions
Appendix IIc. Nutritional Trace Elements and Their Clinical Implications
Appendix IId. Summary of Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies
III. Acute Poisoning
Appendix IIIa. Selected Historical and Physical Findings in Poisoning
Appendix IIIb. Toxidromes
Appendix IIIc. Antidotes and Indications for Use
Appendix IIId. Management of Acute Poisoning
Appendix IIIe. Pathophysiology, Clinical Effects, and Management of Specific Drugs and Toxicants
Appendix IIIf. Accidental Poisoning by Exposure to Other Drugs Acting on the Autonomic Nervous System
IV. Impairment and Disability Issues
Appendix IV. Impairment and Disability Issues
V. Protection of Travelers
Appendix V. Protection of Travelers
VI. Care of the Transgender Patient
Appendix VI. Care of the Transgender Patient
VIII. Palliative Care
Appendix VIII. Palliative Care
IX. Preoperative Evaluation
Appendix IX. Preoperative Evaluation
Index
IBC

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Fred F. Ferri