Ether Lipids Chemistry and Biology

List of Contributors

Preface

Nomenclature

Chapter I The History of Ether-Linked Lipids through 1960

I. Plasmalogens

II. Alkoxylipids

References

Appendix—Biomedical Applications

Chapter II Ether-Linked Lipids: Chemistry and Methods of Measurement

I. Introduction

II. Alkyl Glyceryl Ethers (1-Alkylglycerols)

III. Dialkyl Glyceryl Ethers

IV. Alk-1-enyl Glyceryl Ethers

References

Chapter III The Chemical Syntheses of Alkoxylipids

I. Introduction

II. Syntheses of Long-Chain Alkyl Glycerol Ethers

III. Syntheses of Long-Chain Ether Esters of Glycerol

IV. Syntheses of Other Neutral Alkoxylipids

V. Syntheses of Alkoxyphospholipids

VI. Syntheses of Some Phospholipid Analogs

References

Chapter IV The Chemical Synthesis of Glycerolipids Containing S-Alkyl, Hydroxy-O-alkyl, and Methoxy-O-alkyl Groups

I. Synthesis of Glycerolipids Containing S-Alkyl Groups

II. Synthesis of Glycerolipids Containing Hydroxy-Substituted O-Alkyl Groups

III. Synthesis of Glycerolipids Containing Methoxy-Substituted O-Alkyl Groups

References

Chapter V The Chemical Syntheses of Plasmalogens

I. Introduction

II. Preparation of Alk-1-enyl Ethers of Glycerol

III. Preparation of Derivatives of Alk-1-enyl Glycerol Ethers Suitable for Phosphorylation

IV. Synthetic Alk-1-enyl Glycerol Ethers Containing Phosphate Ester Groups

References

Chapter VI The Chemical Syntheses of O-Alkyldihydroxyacetone Phosphate and Related Compounds

I. Introduction

II. Synthesis of Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate

III. Synthesis of Acyl Derivatives of Dihydroxyacetone and Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate

IV. Synthesis of O-Alkyl Derivatives of Dihydroxyacetone and Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate

References

Chapter VII The Enzymic Pathways of Ether-Linked Lipids and Their Precursors

I. Enzymic Synthesis of Alkyl Glycerolipids

II. Enzymic Synthesis of Plasmalogens

III. Enzymic Synthesis of Ether Bonds in Miscellaneous Lipids and Other Compounds

IV. Enzymic Reactions Responsible for the Biosynthesis of Ether-Linked Precursors

V. Enzymic Degradation of Ether Linkages in Glycerolipids

VI. Ether-Linked Glycerolipids as Substrates for Lipases, Phospholipases, and Phosphatases

References

Chapter VIII Biological Effects and Biomedical Applications of Alkoxylipids

I. Introduction

II. Toxicity of Alkoxylipids

III. Absorption of Alkoxylipids and Use of Alkoxylipids in "Fat" Absorption Studies

IV. Alkoxylipids as Substrates for Acyl Hydrolases

V. Applications of Alkoxylipids in Therapy

VI. Possible Functions of Naturally Occurring Alkoxylipids

VII. Conclusions

References

Chapter IX Content, Composition, and Metabolism of Mammalian and Avian Lipids That Contain Ether Groups

I. Introduction

II. Content

III. Composition

IV. Metabolism

V. Summary

References

Chapter X Ether-Linked Lipids and Fatty Alcohol Precursors in Neoplasms

I. Introduction

II. Nature of the Ether-Linked Aliphatic Moieties in Neoplastic Cells

III. Ether-Linked Lipid Content in Neoplastic Cells

IV. Fatty Alcohols in Neoplasms

V. Metabolism of Ether-Linked Glycerolipids in Neoplasms

References

Chapter XI The Ether Bond in Marine Lipids

I. Introduction

II. Alkyl Glycerolipids

III. Alk-1-enyl Glycerolipids

IV. Ether-Linked Phosphatides and Miscellaneous Structures

V. Diol Lipids

References

Chapter XII Ether-Linked Lipids in Molluscs

I. Introduction

II. Distribution

III. Metabolism

References

Chapter XIII Ether-Linked Lipids in Protozoa

I. Introduction

II. Distribution

III. Metabolism

IV. Biological Function

V. Conclusions

References

Chapter XIV Bacterial Plasmalogens

I. Distribution of Plasmalogens among Bacteria

I I . The Aldehyde Chains of Bacterial Plasmalogens

III. Alkyl Glycerolipids in Bacteria

IV. Bacterial Plasmalogen Biosynthesis

V. Summary

References

Chapter XV Ether-Linked Lipids in Extremely Halophilic Bacteria

I. Introduction

II. The Extremely Halophilic Bacteria

III. Chemistry of the Ether-Linked Lipids of Extremely Halophilic Bacteria

IV. Metabolic Studies

V. Function of Diphytanyl Ether Lipids in Cells of Extremely Halophilic Bacteria

References

Chapter XVI The Search for Alkoxylipids in Plants

I. Introduction

II. Alkoxylipids in Plant Tissues

III. Conclusions

References

Author Index

Subject Index