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Essentials of Medical Biochemistry
With Clinical Cases
- 3rd Edition - July 25, 2022
- Authors: Chung Eun Ha, N. V. Bhagavan
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 8 5 4 1 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 8 4 3 9 - 3
Essentials of Medical Biochemistry, Third Edition offers a condensed, yet detailed overview of clinical biochemistry, spanning fundamentals and relevant physiologic and pathophys… Read more
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Request a sales quoteEssentials of Medical Biochemistry, Third Edition offers a condensed, yet detailed overview of clinical biochemistry, spanning fundamentals and relevant physiologic and pathophysiologic concepts. Pivotal clinical case studies aid in understanding basic science in the context of diagnosis and treatment of human diseases, and the text illuminates key topics in molecular immunology and hemostasis.
Users will find fundamental concepts aiding students and professionals in biochemistry, medicine, and other healthcare disciplines. The text is a useful refresher that will help users meet USMLE and other professional licensing examination requirements, providing thorough introductions, key points, multicolored illustrations of chemical structures and figures, fact-filled tables, and recommended reading lists.
This Third Edition has been fully updated to address evolving techniques in the biological sciences, including genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and gene therapy, among other methods. In addition, each chapter has been fully revised for current science and now features learning objectives and chapter summaries, supplemental reading, and 5 clinical case based multiple choice questions. New clinical cases have been added throughout.
- Integrates the biochemical principles with physiological, pharmacological, and pathological aspects of human diseases
- Each chapter features learning objectives, summaries, required and supplemental reading lists, clinical cases, and multiple-choice questions
- Presents essential biochemical concepts within the context of their biological functions Offers instructional overview figures, flowcharts, tables and multi-colored illustrations
- Provides an online ancillary package with PowerPoint images and an additional 500 study questions to aid in comprehension and USMLE exam preparation
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Companion Web Site
- Copyright
- Dedication
- List of authors
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 1. The human organism—organ systems, cells, organelles, and microbiota
- Abstract
- 1.1 Organ systems: integrated function at the highest level
- 1.2 Cells: structures and functions
- Key points
- References
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 2. Water, acid-base, buffers, and homeostatic control systems of body fluids
- Abstract
- 2.1 Properties of water
- 2.2 Buffers
- 2.3 H+ concentration and pH
- 2.4 Water metabolism in the human body
- 2.5 Homeostatic controls
- 2.6 Water and osmolality controls
- 2.7 Electrolyte balance
- 2.8 Acid–base balance
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 3. Amino acids
- Abstract
- 3.1 L-α-Amino acids: structure
- 3.2 Classification
- 3.3 Electrolyte and acid–base properties
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 4. Three-dimensional structure of proteins and disorders of protein misfolding
- Abstract
- 4.1 Covalent and coordinate covalent bonds in protein structure
- 4.2 Noncovalent interactions in protein structure
- 4.3 Primary structure
- 4.4 Secondary structure
- 4.5 Tertiary structure
- 4.6 Quaternary structure
- 4.7 Denaturation
- 4.8 Conversion of precursor proteins to active proteins by proteolysis
- 4.9 Protease inhibitors used as therapeutic agents for hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus infections
- 4.10 Protein folding and intracellular degradation of misfolded and defective proteins
- 4.11 Autophagy
- 4.12 Protein misfolding and fibrillogenic diseases
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 5. Energetics of biological systems, enzymes, and enzyme regulation
- Abstract
- 5.1 Thermodynamics
- 5.2 Enzymes
- 5.3 Nomenclature and classification
- 5.4 Catalysis
- 5.5 Active site and enzyme–substrate complex
- 5.6 Michaelis–Menten model for enzyme-catalyzed reactions
- 5.7 Inhibition
- 5.8 Irreversible inhibition
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 6. Clinical Applications of Enzymes
- Abstract
- 6.1 Diagnosis and prognosis of disease
- 6.2 Serum and plasma markers in the diagnosis of tissue damage
- 6.3 Enzymes as analytical reagents
- 6.4 Enzymes as therapeutic agents
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 7. Simple carbohydrates
- Abstract
- 7.1 Classification
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 8. Glycoconjugates: glycoproteins and glycolipids
- Abstract
- 8.1 Glycoproteins
- 8.2 Cell membrane constituents
- 8.3 Cell surface glycoproteins
- 8.4 Serum glycoproteins
- 8.5 Molecular mimicry of oligosaccharides and host susceptibility
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 9. Connective tissue proteins, proteoglycans, and peptidoglycans
- Abstract
- 9.1 Protein fibers
- 9.2 Turnover of proteoglycans and role of lysosomes
- Key points
- References
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 10. Gastrointestinal digestion and absorption
- Abstract
- 10.1 Anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract
- 10.2 Gastrointestinal hormones
- 10.3 Digestion and absorption of major food substances
- 10.4 Absorption of water and electrolytes
- 10.5 Thermic effect of food
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 11. Carbohydrate metabolism I: glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle
- Abstract
- 11.1 Glycolysis
- 11.2 Pyruvate metabolism
- 11.3 Tricarboxylic acid cycle
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 12. Electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation, and reactive oxygen species
- Abstract
- 12.1 Mitochondrial structure and properties
- 12.2 Oxidative phosphorylation
- 12.3 The mitochondrial genome
- 12.4 Nuclear control of respiratory chain expression
- 12.5 Mitochondrial diseases
- 12.6 Other reducing-equivalent transport and oxygen-consuming systems
- Key points
- References
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 13. Carbohydrate metabolism II: gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis and breakdown, and pentose phosphate pathway
- Abstract
- 13.1 Gluconeogenesis
- 13.2 Glycogen metabolism
- 13.3 Alternative pathways of glucose metabolism and hexose interconversions
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 14. Protein and amino acid metabolism
- Abstract
- 14.1 Essential and nonessential amino acids
- 14.2 Metabolism of ammonia
- 14.3 Metabolism of some individual amino acids
- Key points
- References
- Multiple choice questions
- Chapter 15. Lipids I: fatty acids and eicosanoids
- Abstract
- 15.1 Oxidation of fatty acids
- 15.2 Other pathways of fatty acid oxidation
- 15.3 Metabolism of ketone bodies
- 15.4 Synthesis of long-chain saturated fatty acids
- 15.5 Metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids
- 15.6 Trans-fatty acids
- 15.7 Essential fatty acids
- 15.8 Metabolism of eicosanoids
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 16. Lipids II: phospholipids, glycosphingolipids, and cholesterol
- Abstract
- 16.1 Phospholipids
- 16.2 Phospholipids and glycosphingolipids in clinical medicine
- 16.3 Cholesterol
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 17. Lipids III: plasma lipoproteins
- Abstract
- 17.1 Structure and composition
- 17.2 Metabolism
- 17.3 Lipoproteins and coronary heart disease (also known as coronary artery disease)
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 18. Contractile systems
- Abstract
- 18.1 Introduction
- 18.2 Muscle systems
- 18.3 Nonmuscle systems
- Key points
- References
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 19. Perturbations of energy metabolism: obesity and diabetes mellitus
- Abstract
- 19.1 Energy metabolism
- 19.2 Obesity
- 19.3 Diabetes mellitus
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 20. Structure and properties of DNA
- Abstract
- 20.1 Introduction
- 20.2 Chromosomes and chromatin
- 20.3 Recombinant DNA technology
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 21. DNA replication, repair, and mutagenesis
- Abstract
- 21.1 Introduction
- 21.2 General features of DNA replication
- 21.3 The enzymology of DNA replication
- 21.4 DNA mutations and DNA repair
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 22. RNA and protein synthesis
- Abstract
- 22.1 Introduction
- 22.2 Structure of RNA
- 22.3 Messenger RNA
- 22.4 Enzymatic synthesis of RNA
- 22.5 Prokaryotic transcription
- 22.6 Transcription in eukaryotes
- 22.7 Genetic code
- 22.8 Attachment of amino acid to transfer RNA molecule
- 22.9 Initiator transfer RNA molecules and selection of initiation codon
- 22.10 Ribosomes
- 22.11 Protein synthesis
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 23. Regulation of gene expression
- Abstract
- 23.1 Introduction
- 23.2 Regulation of mRNA synthesis
- 23.3 Gene regulation in prokaryotes
- 23.4 Gene regulation in eukaryotes
- 23.5 Mechanisms of gene regulation in eukaryotes
- 23.6 Transcriptional initiation by transcription factors
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 24. Nucleotide metabolism
- Abstract
- 24.1 One-carbon metabolism
- 24.2 Formation of 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate
- 24.3 Biosynthesis of purine nucleotides
- 24.4 Conversion of nucleoside monophosphates to diphosphates and triphosphates
- 24.5 Formation of purine deoxyribonucleotides
- 24.6 Regulation of purine biosynthesis
- 24.7 Inhibitors of purine biosynthesis
- 24.8 Catabolism of purine nucleotides
- 24.9 Disorders of purine nucleotide metabolism
- 24.10 Biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides
- 24.11 Coordination of purine and pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis
- 24.12 Catabolism of pyrimidine nucleotides
- 24.13 Abnormalities of pyrimidine metabolism
- Key points
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 25. Hemoglobin and metabolism of iron and heme
- Abstract
- 25.1 Structure of hemoglobins
- 25.2 Functional aspects of hemoglobin
- 25.3 Inherited disorders of hemoglobin structure and synthesis
- 25.4 Derivatives of hemoglobin
- 25.5 Metabolism of iron and heme
- 25.6 Iron metabolism
- 25.7 Heme biosynthesis
- 25.8 Disorders of heme biosynthesis
- 25.9 Heme catabolism
- Key points
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 26. Endocrine metabolism I: introduction and signal transduction
- Abstract
- 26.1 Hormonal amines
- 26.2 Peptide, protein, and glycoprotein hormones
- 26.3 Steroid hormones
- 26.4 Types of hormone receptors
- 26.5 Cell surface receptors
- Key points
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 27. Endocrine metabolism II: hypothalamus and pituitary
- Abstract
- 27.1 Hypothalamus
- 27.2 Pituitary gland (hypophysis)
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 28. Endocrine metabolism III: adrenal glands
- Abstract
- 28.1 Introduction
- 28.2 Synthesis of corticosteroids
- 28.3 Adrenal medulla
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 29. Endocrine metabolism IV: thyroid gland
- Abstract
- 29.1 Introduction
- 29.2 Thyroid hormone synthesis
- 29.3 Regulation of thyroid hormone synthesis
- 29.4 Transport and metabolism of thyroid hormones
- 29.5 Biological actions of thyroid hormones
- Key points
- References
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 30. Endocrine metabolism V: reproductive system
- Abstract
- 30.1 Sex determination
- 30.2 Testes
- 30.3 Female reproductive system
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 31. Immunology
- Abstract
- 31.1 Introduction
- 31.2 Components of the immune system
- 31.3 Communication within the immune response
- 31.4 The complement system and inflammation
- 31.5 Antibodies
- 31.6 B-cell development and antibody diversity
- 31.7 T-cell development and T-cell receptor diversity
- 31.8 T-cell activation and differentiation
- 31.9 The adaptive immune response: specific antibody response
- 31.10 The adaptive immune response: cell-mediated immune response
- Key points
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 32. Biochemistry of hemostasis
- Abstract
- 32.1 The hemostatic response occurs in two phases
- 32.2 Hemostatic system factors and protein structure/function relationships
- 32.3 Reactions of the coagulation cascade—the procoagulant subsystem
- 32.4 Shutting off coagulation—the anticoagulant subsystem
- 32.5 Clot removal—the fibrinolytic subsystem
- 32.6 Vitamin K, oral anticoagulants and their mechanisms of action
- 32.7 Hemostatic system dysfunction—bleeding and thrombosis
- 32.8 Laboratory assessment of coagulation system functions
- Key points
- References
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 33. Mineral metabolism
- Abstract
- 33.1 Calcium and phosphorus
- 33.2 Magnesium
- 33.3 Essential trace elements
- Key points
- References
- Further reading
- Multiple-choice questions
- Chapter 34. Vitamin metabolism
- Abstract
- 34.1 Introduction
- 34.2 Fat-soluble vitamins
- 34.3 Water-soluble vitamins
- Key points
- References
- Further reading
- Multiple choice questions
- Chapter 35. Drug metabolism
- Abstract
- 35.1 Introduction
- 35.2 Pharmacokinetics of drug
- 35.3 Pharmacodynamics of drugs
- Key points
- References
- Further reading
- Multiple choice questions
- Index
- No. of pages: 866
- Language: English
- Edition: 3
- Published: July 25, 2022
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Paperback ISBN: 9780323885416
- eBook ISBN: 9780323984393
CH
Chung Eun Ha
at the John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa. Since 2001,
he has been teaching medical biochemistry to students who come from disadvantaged
backgrounds. He is also actively involved in the various aspects of molecular biology
and biochemical research in the field of clinical medicine.
NB
N. V. Bhagavan
and Physiology at the John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa.
An active professor, researcher, and teacher, he has many years of experience in both
the instruction and practice of clinical biochemistry.