Epilepsy, Part I: Basic Principles and Diagnosis
- 1st Edition, Volume 107 - November 29, 2012
- Latest edition
- Editors: Hermann Stefan, William H. Theodore
- Language: English
Epilepsy, Part I, Basic Principles and Diagnosis, Volume 107, in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series offers a comprehensive review of our knowledge of the field today, inc… Read more
Epilepsy, Part I, Basic Principles and Diagnosis, Volume 107, in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series offers a comprehensive review of our knowledge of the field today, including epidemiology, basic mechanisms, animal models, and topics of increasing interest such as the role of inflammation in epilepsy. It provides a comprehensive approach to description of the clinical, electrographic and imaging aspects of the epilepsies, with a clear outline of contemporary classification and the role of modern diagnostic techniques, as well as neuropsychological and psychiatric aspects of epilepsy. Chapters are authored by internationally respected neurologists with varied perspectives insuring depth to the content. Epilepsy, Part II, Treatment, Volume 108, continues coverage of epilepsy with a focus on treatment. The volumes will be a very important resource for basic scientists, clinical investigators, and all health professionals treating patients with epilepsy.
- A volume in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series, which has an unparalleled reputation as the world's most comprehensive source of information in neurology
- International list of contributors including the leading workers in the field
- Describes the advances which have occurred in clinical neurology and the neurosciences, their impact on the understanding of neurological disorders and on patient care
Clinical neurologists and research neuroscientists
Series Page
Handbook of Clinical Neurology 3rd Series
Foreword
Preface
Contributors
Chapter 1 Molecular basis of acquired epileptogenesis
Introduction
Which genes are altered at different phases of epileptic process and what is their function?
Conclusion
Chapter 2 Cellular bases of focal and generalized epilepsies
Introduction
Intrinsic properties of neurons
Synaptic properties of neurons
Modulation of neuronal excitability
Pathological processes
Concluding comment
Chapter 3 Epilepsy as a dynamic disease of neuronal networks
Introduction
How may the stability of neuronal networks be maintained and disturbed in epilepsy?
How may transitions between normal and epileptic behavior occur in thalamocortical networks?
How may transitions between normal and epileptic behavior occur in neuronal networks of the hippocampal system?
How may neuronal networks involved in epileptic behavior be identified and analyzed in a clinical setting?
Conclusion: general concepts and models
Chapter 4 Animal models
Introduction
In vitro models
In vivo animal models
Determination of seizure susceptibility
Models
Syndromes or encephalopathies (not genetically induced)
Genetic models
Summary
Chapter 5 Classification of epilepsies and seizures: historical perspective and future directions
Introduction
Generalized versus focal: a nondichotomy?
Terms and concepts for grouping etiology
Abandoning the rigid structure of the 1989 classification
Chapter 6 The epidemiology of the epilepsies
Introduction
Definitions
Incidence studies
Prevalence
Risk factors for epilepsy
Prognosis
Mortality
Conclusion
Chapter 7 Maturation of the human brain and epilepsy
Introduction
Developmental changes in brain morphology
Developmental changes in myelination
Behavioral and electroencephalographic correlates of brain development
Developmental changes in the brain physiology
Alterations in brain development as a consequence of seizures
Summary
Chapter 8 Genetics of idiopathic epilepsies
The concept of idiopathic epilepsies
The predominant pathogenetic concept: ion channel dysfunction
Non-ion channel genes in idiopathic epilepsy
Chapter 9 The genetics of focal epilepsies
Introduction
Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy
Familial temporal lobe epilepsy
Familial partial epilepsy with variable foci
Benign childhood epilepsies
Polygenic epilepsies
Neuronal migration disorders
Chapter 10 Inflammation and epilepsy
Clinical evidence
Experimental studies
Concluding remarks
Chapter 11 Age-related epileptic encephalopathies
Introduction
Infantile spasms and west syndrome
Lennox–gastaut syndrome
Landau–kleffner and continuous spike and waves during slow-wave sleep syndromes
Dravet syndrome (severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy)
Myoclonic–astatic epilepsy
Encephalopathic childhood epilepsies associated with inherited metabolic disorders
Conclusion
Chapter 12 Epileptic syndromes with focal seizures of childhood and adolescence
Introduction
Benign focal epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS)
Benign focal epilepsy with occipital spikes of gastaut
Benign focal epilepsy with occipital spikes of panayiotopoulos
BFEC with other lesions, BFEC variants and a typical presentations
Outlook for a unifying concept of benign focal epilepsy and benign epileptic encephalopathies of childhood: benign seizure susceptibility syndromes
Chapter 13 Idiopathic generalized epilepsies
Introduction
Epidemiology
General management of idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Genetics of idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Clinical syndromes
Conclusion
Chapter 14 Temporal lobe epilepsy
Introduction
Clinical features
Natural history
Functional anatomy of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Structural basis for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: neuropathology
Summary
Chapter 15 Extratemporal epilepsies
Introduction
Frontal lobe epilepsies
Occipital lobe epilepsy
Parietal lobe epilepsy
Conclusion
Chapter 16 Reflex epilepsies
Definition and classification
Simple triggers
Complex triggers
Reflex seizures, human ictogenesis, and the nosology of the epilepsies
Widening of the concept: epilepsies with external modification of ictogenesis
Chapter 17 Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures
Definition and introduction
Epidemiology and relevance
Pathogenesis
Clinical features
Neuropsychological measures
Linguistic analysis
Diagnostic measures
Treatment
Prognosis
Conclusion
Chapter 18 Syncope
Introduction
Nomenclature, definition, and pathophysiology
Classification
Drug-induced (iatrogenic) syncope
Epidemiology
Clinical symptoms
Prognosis
Investigations
Establishing a diagnosis
Differential diagnoses
Treatment
Case examples
Discussion
Conclusion
Chapter 19 Sleep and epilepsy
Introduction
Seizure and spike propensity in relation to REM and NREM sleep stages in different epilepsies
Sleep activation in epileptic networks and syndromes
Sleep as a diagnostic tool
Chapter 20 Electroencephalography and video-electroencephalography
Introduction
Methodology of electroencephalography
Eeg in the diagnosis of epilepsy
Eeg in focal epilepsies
Eeg in generalized epilepsies
Eeg in the diagnosis of status epilepticus
Eeg in presurgical evaluation of epilepsy
Misdiagnosis of epilepsy
Quantification of epileptic seizures
Limitations of surface electroencephalography
Chapter 21 Magnetoencephalography
Introduction
Technical considerations
Applications of MEG/MSI in epilepsy
Chapter 22 Structural brain imaging
Introduction
Methodology
Major findings in MRI in patients with epilepsy
Recent improvements in imaging
Conclusion
Chapter 23 Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Introduction
EEG–fMRI
Applications in epilepsy
Brain connectivity
Conclusion
Chapter 24 Functional magnetic resonance imaging: functional mapping
Introduction
Motor and sensory mapping
Language mapping
Memory mapping
Ictal and interictal mapping
Conclusion
Chapter 25 Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in epilepsy
Introduction
Basics of magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Intracerebral metabolites detected by clinical 1h-mrs and their clinical significance
Clinical application of 1h-mrs in epilepsy
31P spectroscopy
Chapter 26 Epilepsy diagnosis
Introduction
Localization-related epilepsy
Secondary generalized epileptic syndromes
Pet in primary generalized epilepsy
Conclusion: the future of pet in epilepsy
Chapter 27 Peri-ictal single-photon emission computed tomography
Introduction
Unique role of perfusion SPECT in epilepsy
Prerequisites for conducting peri-ictal SPECT imaging
Clinical interpretation of SPECT images
SISCOM
Peri-ictal SPECT analysis with statistical parametric mapping
Peri-ictal SPECT: advantages, limitations, and precautions
Chapter 28 Clinical neuropsychology in epilepsy
Introduction
Etiology of cognitive impairments in epilepsy
Neuropsychological assessment
Neuropsychological findings in epilepsies
Differential diagnostics of neuropsychological impairment in epilepsy
Conclusion
Chapter 29 Neuropsychiatric complications of epilepsy
Introduction
Epidemiological aspects of psychiatric disorders in epilepsy
Psychiatric comorbidity as an expression of epilepsy-related activity
Why are psychiatric disorders so prevalent in epilepsy?
Clinical manifestations of common interictal psychiatric disorders: are they unique to epilepsy?
Impact of psychiatric comorbidities
Treatment of comorbid psychiatric disorders
Concluding remarks
Index
- Edition: 1
- Latest edition
- Volume: 107
- Published: November 29, 2012
- Language: English
HS
Hermann Stefan
Affiliations and expertise
Director of Epilepsy Centre, Neurological Clinic, University Hospital, Erlangen, GermanyWT
William H. Theodore
Affiliations and expertise
Clinical Epilepsy Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USARead Epilepsy, Part I: Basic Principles and Diagnosis on ScienceDirect