Endodontics
Principles and Practice
- 6th Edition - June 25, 2020
- Authors: Mahmoud Torabinejad, Ashraf F. Fouad, Shahrokh Shabahang
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 2 4 3 6 - 7
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 2 4 3 7 - 4
**Selected for Doody’s Core Titles® 2024 in Dentistry**From renowned endodontics experts Mahmoud Torabinejad, Ashraf Fouad, and Shahrokh Shabahang comes Endodontics: Princip… Read more
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From renowned endodontics experts Mahmoud Torabinejad, Ashraf Fouad, and Shahrokh Shabahang comes Endodontics: Principles and Practice, 6th Edition. This focused and extensively revised new edition contains all the clinically-relevant information needed to incorporate endodontics into general dentistry practice. Illustrated step-by-step guidelines and vivid online videos address the ins and outs of diagnosis, treatment planning, managing pulpal and periapical diseases, and performing basic root canal treatments. Updated evidence-based coverage also includes topics such as the etiology of disease, local anesthesia, emergency treatment, obturation, and temporization. It’s the perfect endodontics guide for both entry-level dental students and general dentists alike.
- Well-known, international contributors share guidelines, expertise, and their clinical experience with contemporary technologies and procedures.
- Authoritative, visually detailed coverage provides a practical understanding of basic endodontic principles and procedures, including pulpal and periapical diseases and their management.
- Clinically-relevant organization reflects the order in which procedures are performed in clinical settings, enhancing your understanding of the etiology and treatment of teeth with pulpal and periapical diseases.
- Over 1,000 full-color illustrations ensure a clear, accurate understanding of procedures, and include radiographs and clinical photographs.
- Learning objectives help you meet the theoretical and procedural expectations for each chapter.
- More than 67 video clips located on the companion website demonstrate essential procedures.
- Instructions for online access
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Preface
- List of Contributors
- 1. Pathogenesis of Pulp and Periapical Diseases
- Histology and Physiology of Normal Dental Pulp
- Etiology of Pulpal and Periapical Diseases
- Microbiology of Root Canal Infections
- Endodontic Infections Are Biofilm Infections
- The Microbiome of Endodontic Infections
- Pulpal Diseases
- Normal Pulp
- Reversible Pulpitis
- Irreversible Pulpitis
- Pulp Necrosis
- Clinical Classification of Periapical (Apical) Conditions
- Nonendodontic Pathosis
- 2. Systemic Health Considerations in the Endodontic Patient and Geriatric Endodontics
- Health and Medical History
- The Systemic Health Assessment of the Endodontic Patient
- Physical Examination: Vital Signs
- Systemic Considerations
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Hypertension
- Risk for Osteoradionecrosis or Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
- Viral Infections
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Smoking
- Genetic Predisposition
- Presentation of Endodontic Disease in the Older Adults
- Anatomy
- Pulp Response
- Root Canal Treatment
- Healing After Surgery
- Identifying Patients for Referral
- 3. Endodontic Radiology
- Prologue
- Introduction
- Radiation Biology
- Equipment for 2D Image Capture
- Techniques for Intraoral Image Capture
- Endodontic Imaging Needs
- Cone Beam Computed Tomography
- 4. Endodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
- Introduction
- Examination
- Pulpal Lesions
- Diagnosis
- Treatment Planning
- 5. Differential Diagnosis of Pains and Radiolucencies of Nonpulpal Origin
- Introduction
- Pains of Nonpulpal Origin
- Radiolucencies of Nonpulpal Origin
- Normal Anatomic Structures and Developmental Entities
- Odontogenic and Nonodontogenic Cyst, Tumors, and Related Entities
- Dentigerous Cyst and Pericoronal Radiolucencies
- Differential Diagnosis of a Soft Tissue Mass, With or Without Opacity Obstructing the Eruption of a Permanent Tooth
- Central Giant Cell Lesion
- Osseous Pathology
- Hematolymphoid Conditions, Malignancies, and Related Disorders
- 6. Endodontic Case Complexity and Working with the Specialist
- Introduction
- Advanced Dental Education Programs in Endodontics
- Communication Between Endodontists and General Dentists
- What is Expected of a General Practitioner
- What is Expected of an Endodontist
- Standard of Care and Endodontic Case Documentation
- Case Difficulty Assessment—When to Treat and When to Refer
- Patient Considerations
- Diagnostic and Treatment Considerations
- Referral During Treatment
- Referral After Treatment
- Summary
- 7. Endodontic Armamentarium
- Introduction
- Examination and Diagnosis
- Magnification
- Isolation
- Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment
- Instrumentation Armamentarium
- Coronal Seal
- Surgical Armamentarium
- 8. Local Anesthesia
- Factors Affecting Endodontic Anesthesia
- Initial Management
- Conventional Pulpal Anesthesia for Restorative Dentistry
- Mandibular Anesthesia for Restorative Dentistry
- Maxillary Anesthesia for Restorative Dentistry
- Supplemental Anesthesia for Restorative Dentistry in the Mandible and Maxilla
- Anesthesia Difficulties in Endodontics
- Supplemental Techniques for Mandibular Teeth in Endodontics
- Anesthetic Management of Pulpal or Periapical Pathoses
- Anesthesia for Surgical Procedures
- 9. Endodontic Emergencies and Therapeutics
- Introduction
- Definition
- Categories
- The Challenge
- Pain Perception and Pain Reaction
- System of Diagnosis
- Pulp Vitality Tests
- Periapical Tests
- Treatment Planning
- Interappointment Emergencies
- Postobturation Emergencies
- 10. Management of the Vital Pulp and of Immature Teeth
- The Dentin-Pulp Complex
- Etiologic Factors of the Dentin-Pulp Complex Injury
- Vital Pulp Therapy
- Capping Procedures
- Treatment of Immature Teeth with Pulp Necrosis
- Conclusions
- 11. Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries
- Examination and Diagnosis
- Medical History
- Clinical Examination
- Teeth and Supporting Structures
- Importance of Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Analysis in Trauma
- Injuries to the Hard Dental Tissues and the Pulp
- Injuries to the Periodontium
- Patient Instructions
- Management of Traumatic Injuries in the Primary Dentition
- Prevention
- 12. Root Canal Anatomy
- Introduction
- Root Canal Components and Morphology
- Root Canal Configuration Systems
- Root Canal Anomalies and Embryologic Malformations
- Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary and Mandibular Teeth
- Influence of Root Canal Anatomy in Endodontic Procedures
- Clinical Outcome Remarks
- Conclusions
- 13. Isolation, Endodontic Access, and Length Determination
- Rubber Dam Isolation
- Access Openings
- Access Openings and Canal Location
- Errors in Access
- Length Determination
- 14. Cleaning and Shaping
- Principles of Cleaning and Shaping
- Apical Canal Preparation
- Pretreatment Evaluation
- Principles of Cleaning and Shaping Techniques
- Smear Layer Management
- Irrigants
- Lubricants
- Preparation Errors
- Preparation Techniques
- Criteria for Evaluating Cleaning and Shaping
- Intracanal Medicaments
- 15. Obturation and Temporization
- Objectives of Obturation
- When to Obturate
- Obturation Materials
- Sealers
- Obturation Techniques with Gutta-Percha
- Evaluation of Obturation
- Temporization
- 16. Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth
- Criteria for a Restorable Tooth
- Complications Associated with Endodontically Treated Teeth
- Structural, Esthetic, and Restorative Considerations
- Coronal Seal
- Restoration Timing
- Restoration Design
- Posts
- Restoring Access Through an Existing Restoration
- 17. Bleaching Discolored Nonvital Teeth
- Causes of Discoloration
- Endodontically Related Discolorations
- Bleaching Materials
- Mechanism of Tooth Bleaching
- Internal (Nonvital) Bleaching Techniques
- Complications and Safety
- Intrinsic Discolorations
- Extrinsic Discolorations
- When and What to Refer
- 18. Procedural Accidents
- Introduction
- Perforations During Access Cavity Preparation
- Accidents During Cleaning and Shaping
- Accidents During Obturation
- Accidents During Post Space Preparation
- 19. Nonsurgical Retreatment
- Introduction
- Causes of Nonhealing of Initial Root Canal Treatment
- Diagnosis and Retreatment Options
- Risks and Benefits of Retreatment
- Prognosis
- Acknowledgment
- 20. Apical Microsurgery
- A Brief History
- Indications for Apical Surgery
- Failing Root Canal Treatments
- Procedural Accidents
- Irretrievable Filling Materials
- Anatomic Complexity of the Root Canal System
- Symptomatic Cases
- Apical Preparation
- 21. Adjunctive Procedures
- Introduction
- Incision for Drainage
- Root Resection
- Hemisection
- Crown Lengthening
- Root Extrusion
- Tooth Replantation
- Transplantation
- Guided Tissue Regeneration and Guided Bone Regeneration in Endodontics
- Socket Preservation
- 22. Endodontic Treatment Outcomes
- Introduction
- Definitions of Success and Failure
- When to Evaluate
- Methods for Evaluation of Endodontic Outcomes
- Success Rates
- Survival Rates
- Patient-Based Outcomes
- Postoperative Complications
- Prognostic Indicators
- Causes of Nonhealed, Failed Root Canal Treatment
- Outcomes of Treatments After Failure of Initial Nonsurgical Endodontics
- Reasons for Extraction of Endodontically Treated Teeth
- Appendix 1. Summary Table of the Root Numbers of the Permanent Maxillary Teeth
- Appendix 2. Summary Table of the Root Canal Systems of the Permanent Maxillary Teeth
- Appendix 3. Summary Table of the Root Numbers of the Permanent Mandibular Teeth
- Appendix 4. Summary Table of the Root Canal Systems of the Permanent Mandibular Teeth
- Index
- No. of pages: 496
- Language: English
- Edition: 6
- Published: June 25, 2020
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Hardback ISBN: 9780323624367
- eBook ISBN: 9780323624374
MT
Mahmoud Torabinejad
Affiliations and expertise
Professor and Program Director, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CAAF
Ashraf F. Fouad
Affiliations and expertise
Freedland Distinguished Professor and Chair, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North CarolinaSS
Shahrokh Shabahang
Affiliations and expertise
Associate Professor, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University