Elastic Wave Field Extrapolation

Redatuming of Single- and Multi-Component Seismic Data

1st Edition, Volume 2 - April 14, 2014
Author: C.P.A. Wapenaar
Editor: A. J. Berkhout
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 9 1 0 0 - 0

Extrapolation of seismic waves from the earth's surface to any level in the subsurface plays an essential role in many advanced seismic processing schemes, such as migration,… Read more

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Extrapolation of seismic waves from the earth's surface to any level in the subsurface plays an essential role in many advanced seismic processing schemes, such as migration, inverse scattering and redatuming. At present these schemes are based on the acoustic wave equation. This means not only that S-waves (shear waves) are ignored, but also that P-waves (compressional waves) are not handled correctly. In the seismic industry there is an important trend towards multi-component data acquisition. For processing of multi-component seismic data, ignoring S-waves can no longer be justified. Wave field extrapolation should therefore be based on the full elastic wave equation.In this book the authors review acoustic one-way extrapolation of P-waves and introduce elastic one-way extrapolation of P- and S-waves. They demonstrate that elastic extrapolation of multi-component data, decomposed into P- and S-waves, is essentially equivalent to acoustic extrapolation of P-waves. This has the important practical consequence that elastic processing of multi-component seismic data need not be significantly more complicated than acoustic processing of single-component seismic data. This is demonstrated in the final chapters, which deal with the application of wave field extrapolation in the redatuming process of single- and multi-component seismic data.

Geophysicists, and anyone who is interested in a review of acoustic and elastic wave theory, will find this book useful. It is also a suitable textbook for graduate students and those following courses in elastic wave field extrapolation as each subject is introduced in a relatively simple manner using the scalar acoustic wave equation. In the chapters on elastic wave field extrapolation the formulation, whenever possible, is analogous to that used in the chapters on acoustic wave field extrapolation. The text is illustrated throughout and a bibliography and keyword index are provided.

Introduction. I. Acoustic Waves. Introduction. Acoustic wave equation. Spherical wave solutions of the acoustic two-way wave equation. Plane wave solutions of the acoustic two-way wave equation. References. II. Elastic Waves. Introduction. Elastic wave equation. Spherical wave solutions of the elastic two-way wave equation. Plane wave solutions of the elastic two-way wave equation. References. III. Acoustic Two-Way and One-Way Wave Equations. Introduction. Acoustic wave equations for horizontally layered media. Acoustic wave equations for arbitrarily inhomogeneous media. References. IV. Elastic Two-Way and One-Way Wave Equations. Introduction. Elastic wave equations for horizontally layered media. Elastic wave equations for arbitrarily inhomogeneous media. References. V. Acoustic Forward Wave Field Extrapolation. Introduction. Acoustic reciprocity theorems. Acoustic representation theorems. Acoustic two-way and one-way Rayleigh integrals. Acoustic forward wave field extrapolation operators. References. VI. Elastic Forward Wave Field Extrapolation. Introduction. Elastic reciprocity theorems. Elastic representation theorems. Elastic two-way and one-way Rayleigh integrals. Elastic forward wave extrapolation operators. References. VII. Acoustic Inverse Wave Field Extrapolation in Low Contrast Media. Introduction. Acoustic inverse wave field extrapolation in laterally invariant media. Acoustic inverse wave field extrapolation in arbitrarily inhomogeneous media. References. VIII. Elastic Inverse Wave Field Extrapolation in Low Contrast Media. Introduction. Elastic inverse wave field extrapolation in homogeneous isotropic media. Elastic inverse wave field extrapolation in arbitrarily inhomogeneous anisotropic media. References. IX. Acoustic Inverse Wave Field Extrapolation in High Contrast Media. Introduction. Recursive acoustic inverse wave field extrapolation. Iterative acoustic inverse wave field extrapolation. X. Elastic Wave Field Extrapolation in High Contrast Media. Introduction. Recursive elastic inverse wave field extrapolation. Iterative elastic inverse wave field extrapolation. XI. Acoustic Redatuming of Single-Component Seismic Data. Introduction. Forward model for single-component seismic data. Surface related acoustic pre-processing. Acoustic redatuming. References. XII. Elastic Redatuming of Multi-Component Seismic Data. Introduction. Forward model for multi-component seismic data. Surface related elastic pre-processing. Elastic redatuming. References. Appendices. A. Matrix Notation. B. Interactions of One-Way Acoustic Wave Fields. C. Interactions of One-Way Elastic Wave Fields. Index.

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