Early Vascular Aging (EVA)

New Directions in Cardiovascular Protection

2nd Edition - February 29, 2024
Editors: Pedro Guimarães Cunha, Pierre Boutouyrie, Michael Hecht Olsen, Peter M Nilsson, Stephane Laurent
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 5 1 2 - 3
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 5 1 3 - 0

Early Vascular Aging (EVA): New Directions in Cardiovascular Protection, Second Edition continues to be the most comprehensive and authoritative resource on premature altera… Read more

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Early Vascular Aging (EVA): New Directions in Cardiovascular Protection, Second Edition continues to be the most comprehensive and authoritative resource on premature alterations in artery structure and function. The book presents a novel approach to the problem of cardiovascular disease, showing it in relation to great vessels disease and revealing a comprehensive approach to the problem of increased rigidity of the great vessels, its causes, and further consequences. This second edition contains completely updated content with expanded coverage of basic and translational research, systematic reviews of the most prominent literature, discussion of applicability of new evidence and more. Written by an international team of clinicians and researchers, this is a valuable resource to basic and translational scientists, clinical researchers and clinicians in the cardiovascular field interested in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EVA.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Front Matter
Copyright
Contributors
In Memoriam
Preface
References
Section 1: Introduction
Introduction
Chapter 1 Historical Aspects and Biology of Aging
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Evolutionary Traits, Genes, and the Environment Influencing Aging
Changes During the 20th Century in Life Expectancy
Early Life Programming Effects
Vascular Aging in Perspective
Longevity Blue Zones and Vascular Aging
New Models and Interventions to Influence Aging
References
Chapter 2 The 9 Paradigm Shifts in Cardiovascular Aging Research
Abstract
Introduction
Section 1: Paradigm Shifts in Vascular Aging Concepts
Section 2: Paradigm Shifts in Early Vascular Aging
Section 3: Paradigm Shift in Cardiovascular Intervention
Conclusions
References
Chapter 3 Vascular Aging and Cardiovascular Disease
Abstract
Changes With Age in the Arterial Tree
Monitoring Vascular Aging and Detecting Accelerated Signs of Vascular Deterioration
Central Hemodynamic Variables and Association to Cardiovascular Risk
Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
Section 2: Lifecourse Approach and Population Based Studies
Introduction
Chapter 4 Aging Population: Challenges and Opportunities in a Life Course Perspective
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Aging Populations: Between Decreasing Mortality and Improved Health
Living Longer, But With More Chronic Diseases
From Healthcare of Older Subjects to a Life Course Approach
Strategies for Healthy Aging
References
Chapter 5 Population-Based Studies: Milestones on the Epidemiological Timeline
Abstract
Introduction
Proven Prognostic Power in High-Risk Subpopulations
Proven Prognostic Power in the General Population
Beyond Curve Divergence
Data Harmonization
The Rise of Novel PWV Measurements
PWV Trajectories
Quo Vadis: More Depth and Breadth of Phenotyping, More Comprehensive Populations, Longer Event Horizons
More Depth and Breadth of Phenotyping: Wave Reflection
More Depth and Breadth of Phenotyping: Time-Varying Phenomena
More Comprehensive Populations: Studying the Early Impact of Cardiovascular Risk Factors
More Comprehensive Populations: Early Vascular Aging and Stroke-Prone Populations
Longer Event Horizons
Mendelian Randomization: The Unbiased and Longest Event Horizon
Conclusion
References
Lifetime Perspective of Vascular Aging
Introduction
Chapter 6 a. Lessons From the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Part 1: AGAHLS—The Cohort Profile
Part 2: Early Determinants of Arterial Stiffness—A Life Course Approach
Part 3: Findings From Other Life Course Studies Than the AGAHLS—A Comparison of Findings
Part 4: Interpretation and Conclusions
References
Chapter 7 b. Cardiovascular Aging: Perspectives From Longitudinal Studies of Aging
Abstract
Sources of Funding
Introduction
Conceptual Approach to CV Aging Studies
Detecting Occult CV Disease in BLSA Participants
Subclinical Age-Associated Changes in Arterial Structure and Function
The Link That Bridges Age to Early Atherosclerosis (The Validate Study)
Arterial-Ventricular Uncoupling With Aging
Summary
References
Chapter 8 c. Lessons From the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
Abstract
Introduction
Incorporating Markers of EVA in the Young Finns Study
Life-Course Risk Factors and Markers of EVA
Life-Course Risk Factors and Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes
Cognitive Function in Young and Middle-Aged Adults
From Young Finns to Younger Finns: A Multigenerational Approach to Vascular Health
Conclusion
References
Chapter 9 Early Vascular Aging in the Young
Abstract
Introduction
Development of the Vasculature During Fetal Life and Early Childhood
Influence of Birth Weight on Blood Pressure
Impact of Birth Weight on Vascular Structure and Function
Influence of IUGR/SGA Phenotype on Arterial Structure and Function
Influence of Prematurity on Arterial Structure and Function
Influence of IUGR versus Prematurity
Influence of Extreme Prematurity on Vascular Structure and Function
Effects of Increased “Catch-Up” Growth Patterns
Development of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Dysfunction Early in Life
Challenges in Assessment of the Vasculature in Children
Effect of Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Vascular Health in Children and Adolescents
Summary, Future Directions, and Gaps in Knowledge
References
Chapter 10 Ethnicity and Arterial Function
Abstract
Early Childhood Studies
Childhood Indices Predicting Adult PWV
New Adult Data Since 2020
Inflammation Indices
Conclusion
References
Section 3: Molecular, Cellular and Mechanistic Contributions to Vascular Aging
Introduction
Chapter 11 Cellular and Molecular Determinants of Arterial Aging
Abstract
Growth Factors and Transcription Factors
Cytoskeletal and Contractile Proteins in the Aging Arterial Wall
Cellular Matrix Structure in the Aging Arterial Wall
Proinflammatory Molecular, Cellular, and Vascular Events in the Aging Arterial Wall
Antiinflammatory Pathways
Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Platelet/Leukocyte–Vessel Wall Interactions and Early Aging
Abstract
Platelet–Vessel Wall Interactions in Hemostasis
Regulation of the Adhesiveness of Platelets at the Vessel Wall
Platelet–Leukocyte Interplay
Age-Related Changes in Platelet–Vessel Wall Interactions
Pharmacological Concepts to Alleviate Platelet–Vessel Wall Interactions in Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases
Conclusion
References
Chapter 13 Age-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction and Intima–Media Thickening
Abstract
Introduction
Part 1: Age and Endothelial Dysfunction
Part 2: Age and Intima–Media Thickening
Summary
References
Chapter 14 Diabetes, Prediabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Large Artery Vascular Ageing
Abstract
Bullet Points
Part 0: Introduction—A Background on Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome and an Overview of the Chapter
Part 1: Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance: Pathophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Arterial Wall Damage and Cardiovascular Disease
Part 2: Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance: Their Roles in Endothelial Dysfunction and Carotid Artery Remodeling
Part 3: (Pre)diabetes and Large Artery Stiffness: A Vicious Circle
Part 4: The Metabolic Syndrome and Large Artery Stiffness
Conclusions
References
Chapter 15 The Cross-Talk Between the Macro- and the Microcirculation
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Introduction
Small Artery in Normal and Accelerated Aging
Functional Consequences and Target Organ Damage
Large-Artery Remodeling
Large-/Small-Artery Cross-Talk and Central Pulsatility
Large-/Small-Artery Cross-Talk and Target Organ Damage
Cardiovascular and Renal Outcome
Conclusion
References
Chapter 16 Changes in Peripheral Blood Pressure with Normal and Accelerated Aging
Abstract
Introduction
What Induces Accelerated Vascular Aging?
Changes in Peripheral BP During Normal Aging
Changes in Peripheral BP During Accelerated Aging
Predictors of Diastolic Hypertension
Predictors of ISH in Adolescents and Young Adults
Predictors of ISH in Middle-Aged and the Elderly Subjects
The Value of Paired BP Components in Predicting CVD Risk
The Role of J-Curves in Predicting CVD Risk
Perspectives
References
Chapter 17 Changes in Arterial Stiffness with Normal and Accelerated Aging
Abstract
Introduction
A Word of Caution on Study Design
Pathophysiology of Accelerated Vascular Aging
Exploring Normal and Accelerated Aging of the Arteries in Cross-Sectional Studies
Exploring Normal and Accelerated Aging of the Arteries in Longitudinal Studies
Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Chapter 18 Changes in Central Hemodynamics, Wave Reflection, and Heart–Vessel Coupling with Normal and Accelerated Aging
Abstract
Introduction
The Heart and its Interaction with the Arterial Tree
Aging and Wave Reflections
Central Arterial Pressure
References
Chapter 19 Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure Variability
Abstract
Introduction
Blood Pressure Variability: A Complex Phenomenon
Relationship of Arterial Stiffness With Blood Pressure Variability
Arterial Stiffness as a Determinant of BPV
Increased BPV as a Determinant of Arterial Stiffness: The Chicken or the Egg Question or a Bidirectional Relationship?
Conclusions
References
Chapter 20 Chronic Inflammation in Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Age and Development of Atherosclerosis
Inflammation and Plaque Formation According to the Response-to-Retention Theory
Evidence for the Role of Inflammation in Atherosclerosis
The Role of Cytokines and Chemokines
Regulation and Resolution of Inflammation
Factors Increasing Vascular Aging
Inflammation as a Therapeutic Target
Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 21 Nonhemodynamic Components of EVA: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Definition of PCOS
PCOS and Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease
PCOS Phenotypes and Cardiometabolic Risk
Subclinical Arterial Disease in Women With PCOS
Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes in Women With PCOS
Conclusions
References
Chapter 22 Microbiota, Diet, Oral Health, and Vascular Aging
Abstract
Introduction
Gut Microbiota and Early Vascular Aging
Dietary and Nutritional Factors Affecting Vascular Aging
Oral Health and Vascular Aging
Conclusion
References
Section 4: Biomarkers, Risk Prediction and Phenotypes of Vascular Aging
Introduction
Chapter 23 Traditional Versus New Models of Risk Prediction
Abstract
Introduction
Biomarkers and Risk Factors
Risk Estimation Using Markers of Subclinical Organ Damage
Future Research
Summary
References
Chapter 24 Estimated Arterial Stiffness
Abstract
Introduction
The Prognostic Value of ePWV
Perspectives
References
Chapter 25 Vascular Aging Biomarkers: Methodological Measurement Consensus and Reference Values
Abstract
Introduction
Methods Measuring the Transit Time of Pulse Wave
Cuff Measurements
Methods Estimating PWV
Atypical Methods
Arterial Stiffness Used for Blood Pressure Measurement
Methods Measuring Arterial Distension
Conclusion
References
Chapter 26 Imaging Biomarkers: Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Aortic Stiffness as Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease
Abstract
Introduction
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and CV Prognosis
How to Assess cIMT by Duplex Ultrasound
Associations Between cIMT and Traditional CV Risk Factors
Carotid IMT as a Predictor of CV Events
Studies in Healthy Population (Table 26.1)
Studies in Higher CV Risk Groups
Carotid IMT Progression and CV Events
What Is the Clinical Value of cIMT Measurement?
Aortic Stiffness and CV Prognosis
Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity
Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity
Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity
Conclusion
References
Chapter 27 Imaging Biomarkers: Flow-Mediated Dilation as Predictor in Cardiovascular Disease
Abstract
Introduction
Endothelial Function in Health and Disease
Methods for Assessment of Endothelial Function: An Overview
Flow-Mediated Dilation: Methodological Aspects
Flow-Mediated Dilation in Cardiovascular Disease Prediction and Other Clinical Applications
Flow-Mediated Dilation: Emerging Techniques
Perspectives
Conclusions
References
Chapter 28 Genetic Markers in Predicting Three Common Vascular Diseases
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Celebrating the Anniversary of the Discovery of the Structure of DNA and Improvements to Human Genome Sequencing
Genomics as a Research Paradigm
The Genotype Tissue Expression Project
Linkage Disequilibrium in GWAS
The Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease
Genetic Architecture of Coronary Artery Disease, Stroke, and Primary Hypertension
Coronary Artery Disease
Stroke
Blood Pressure Regulation and Primary Hypertension GWAS
Beyond Genome-Wide Association Studies
References
Chapter 29 Phenotypes of Vascular Aging
Abstract
Introduction
Sex and Ethnicity
Chronobiologic Asynchrony
Arterial Stiffness (cfPWV > 10 m/s), HMOD Phenotypes, and Risk Reclassification
New Hemodynamic Phenotypes
Vascular Aging, Heart Failure Phenotypes, and Resistant Hypertension
Conclusion: Vascular Aging Phenotypes
References
Section 5: Vascular Aging, Organ Damage and Late Stage Disease
Introduction
Chapter 30 Early and Late Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease in Relation to Arterial Changes
Abstract
Introduction
Renal Microcirculation
CKD as a Phenotype of Accelerated Vascular Aging: Pathophysiological Mechanisms
Arterial Stiffness and CKD
Arterial Stiffness After Kidney Transplantation
Nephroprotective Medications and Vascular Changes
Conclusions
References
Chapter 31 Arterial Aging, Blood Pressure, and Brain Damage
Abstract
Cognitive Decline and Dementia: The Emerging Role of Arterial Aging
Structural Brain Changes and Aging
Pathophysiological Considerations
Arterial Stiffness, Pulsatility, and Brain Damage
Pressure Dependency of Arterial Stiffness
Therapeutic Opportunities and Research Perspectives
Conclusions
References
Chapter 32 Clinical Implications of Ventricular-Arterial Coupling and the Role of Therapeutic Interventions
Abstract
Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Hypertension and Diabetes
Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Systemic Inflammatory Disease
Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Valvular Heart Disease
Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Coronary Artery Disease
Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Heart Failure
Right Ventricular-Arterial Coupling
Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Critically Ill Patients
Ventricular-Arterial Coupling in Aortopathies
References
Chapter 33 Systemic Ventricular–Arterial Coupling and Heart Disease
Abstract
The LV Cycle in the Pressure–Volume Plane
The Concept of Effective Arterial Elastance and Assessment of Ventricular–Arterial Coupling in the PV Plane
Strengths and Limitations of the PV Plane
Assessment of VAC via Analyses of Pressure–Flow Relations
Wave Intensity Analysis
Assessment of Time-Resolved Myocardial Wall Stress
Physiologic Phenomena Affecting Time-Resolved MWS in Systole
Other Approaches
Clinical, Epidemiologic, and Mechanistic Considerations
Disclosures
References
Section 6: Translating Research into Clinical Practice, with Precision Cardiovascular Medicine: Implications of Vascular Aging
Chapter 34 Vascular Aging and Clinical Trials
Abstract
Introduction
Rare Cardiovascular Diseases
Using Wearable Devices
Treatment Aspects
Introduction
Chapter 35 a. Part I: Treatment of Abnormalities in Lipid Metabolism and EVA
Abstract
What is Early Vascular Aging (EVA) and How Can it be Measured?
Hyperlipidemia and EVA
Treatment of Lipids and EVA
Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Chapter 36 b. Part II: Early Vascular Aging and Obesity Treatment
Abstract
Introduction
Why Weight Loss Data is Not Enough
The Limits of Cardiovascular Outcomes Studies in Obesity
Weight Loss and EVA Progression—Epidemiological Data
Weight Loss and EVA Biomarkers in Clinical Studies
Weight Loss Through Hypocaloric Diets
Composition of Hypocaloric Diets
Physical Exercise
Weight Loss Medications
Bariatric Surgery
Conclusions and Open Questions
References
Chapter 37 c. Part III: Treatment with Antidiabetes Drugs—Effects on Blood Pressure and Central Hemodynamics
Abstract
SGLT-2 Inhibitors
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists/Analogues
Combination Therapy
Conclusions
References
Chapter 38 d. Part IV: Arterial Stiffness as Treatment Target: The SPARTE Study
Abstract
Concept and Objectives
Design and Methods
Results
Consideration for Clinical Practice
References
Chapter 39 Lifestyle Intervention: What Works?
Abstract
Smoking
Diet and Nutrition
Coffee
Tea
Cocoa
Mediterranean Diet
Ω-3 Fatty Acids
Vitamins
Salt
Alcohol
Exercise
Obesity and Weight Loss
Stress and Mental Health
Air and Noise Pollution
References
Chapter 40 Targeting Blood Pressure Lowering and the Sympathetic Nervous System
Abstract
Tests for Studying the Human Sympathetic Nervous System
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System in Human Hypertension
The Link Between the Sympathetic Nervous System and Arterial Stiffening
Pharmacological Modulation of Arterial Stiffness
Effect of Procedural Interventions on Arterial Stiffness and Sympathetic Outflow
Future Directions
References
Chapter 41 Targeting Central Blood Pressure Through the Macro- and Microcirculation Cross-Talk
Abstract
Introduction
Effects of Drugs on Small Artery Structure and Function in Hypertension
Effects of Drugs on Large Artery Structure and Function in Hypertension
Targeting Central Blood Pressure Through the Macro- and Microcirculation Cross-Talk
Directions for Future Research
Conclusion
References
Cardiovascular Aging in Clinical Guidelines
Introduction
Chapter 42 a. Cardiovascular Prevention Strategies in a Life Course Perspective
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Prevention Starts Early
Summary
References
Chapter 43 b. Cardiovascular Prevention Strategies in Patients With Comorbidities (Metabolic, Chronic Inflammation, Immunomodulation, Cancer, and Treatment-Induced Arterial Changes)
Abstract
Introduction
European Guidelines
American Guidelines
Asian Guidelines
Other Guidelines
European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)
ESC—Cardio-oncology
Conclusions
References
Chapter 44 c. Cardiovascular Risk Prediction
Abstract
Introduction
Pulse Wave Velocity as a Screening Tool—Age Perspectives
Pulse Wave Velocity as a Tool for Management of Hypertension
Pulse Wave Velocity as a Tool to Improve Medication Adherence and Induce Beneficial Behavioral or Lifestyle Changes
Conclusion
References
Chapter 45 d. Target Organ Damage
Abstract
Introduction
Heart
Other Imaging Techniques
Coronary Calcium Score
Carotid Intima–Media Thickness (IMT) and Plaque
Aortic Stiffness (Pulse Wave Velocity)
Ankle Brachial Index (ABI)
Small Arteries
Conclusions
References
Chapter 46 e. Therapeutic Implications of Early Vascular Aging
Abstract
References
Introduction
References
Chapter 47 New Drugs Under Development for Cardiovascular Prevention
Abstract
Introduction
New Molecules Targeting Isolated Systolic Hypertension
New Drugs for Systolic-Diastolic Hypertension
Current Pharmacological Classes, New Versus Old Molecules
Old Drugs: New Combinations
Other Possible Alternatives to Classical Drugs
Conclusion
References
Chapter 48 Specific Pathways to Prevent Early Vascular Aging
Abstract
Introduction
Vascular Aging
Preventable Factors Leading to EVA
Genetics–Epigenetics
Spaceflight: A Model of Accelerated Vascular Aging
Progeria: A Model of Extreme Early Vascular Aging
Skin Aging
Bone Aging
Conclusion
References
Chapter 49 Immunization, Vaccines, and Immunomodulation
Abstract
Introduction
Role of Immunity
Immunization and Targeted Antigens
Gene Therapy for Treating Hypertension
Safety of anti-RAAS Vaccines and Gene Therapy
Conclusion
References
Section 7: Global Mapping of Vascular Aging Research
Introduction
Cardiovascular Aging in Clinical Guidelines
Introduction
Chapter 50 a. European Research Centres
Abstract
The ARTERY Society. The Association for Research Into Arterial Structure and Physiology
Clinical Pharmacology Unit—Hopital Européen Georges Pompidou-APHP (Paris, France)
Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Sweden
Arterial Aging From Bedside to Bench ...and Back
The Maastricht study, The Netherlands: A population-based cohort study with oversampling of participants with type 2 diabetes
Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Acute and Chronic Cardiovascular Deficiency, Nancy, France
Cardiology Department, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
Department of Sport, Exercise and Health at University of Basel, Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Basel
Biophysical Models for Medical Applications (BioMMedA), Ghent, Belgium
Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
Department of Geriatrics and Stroke Medicine, Brighton, UK
Centre for the Research and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk, Hospital Senhora da Oliveira/Minho University, Guimarães, Portugal
Preventive Cardiology and Echocardiography Laboratory
Institute of Preventive Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Hypertension and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
Unitat d’Hipertensió Arterial i Risc Vascular, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Nephrology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
CARDIO HEALTH-LAB: Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Circulatory Health Laboratory
Italian National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa Italy
Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Carvascare Research Group, Cuenca, Spain
Early Vascular Aging General Practitioner Research Centre, Budapest, Hungary
Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital Ghent, Belgium
Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Salamanca, Spain
ASKLEPIOS Study, Ghent, Belgium
Hypertension Excellence Center, Brescia, Italy
Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Clinica Medica, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
The Unit for Vascular Investigations, Vilnius University Santaros Klinikos, Lithuania
Cardiovascular Prevention and Research Unit, Clinic and Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
SDCO—Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense, Denmark
Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL)
Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Medicine/Centre for Population Health Research, Turku, Finland
Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Menopause Unit, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
Hypertension and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital of Sagunto, Sagunto (Valencia), Spain
Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom
Centre for Cardiovascular Health and Aging, Cardiff, United Kingdom
Peripheral Vessels Unit, First Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
Chapter 51 b. Asia/Australia Research Centers
Abstract
Vascular Research Section, Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
Jichi Medical University Center of Excellence in Community Medicine Cardiovascular Research and Development (JCARD), Tochigi, Japan
Blood Pressure and Arterial Function (BPAF) Laboratory, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Hobart, Australia
Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Hobart, Australia
Miyagi University of Education Medical Center, and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
Chapter 52 c. North American Research Centers
Abstract
History of North American Artery Society
Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
Iowa Translational Vascular Physiology Lab, Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
Chirinos Lab at the University of Pennsylvania
Integrative Human Physiology Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
Aging and Vascular Physiology Lab, Eugene, OR, United States
UNC Cardiometabolic Lab, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States
Chapter 53 d. Latin American Research Centers
Abstract
ARTERY LATAM Society: Brief Historical Summary
Clinic of Hypertension and Associated Metabolic Diseases—CHAMA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Hypertension Unity—Instituto do Coração do HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
Hypertension Unit. Cardiology Department, Medicine School, Federal University of Goias, Brazil
Research Group on Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Aging (GPHARV), Maringa, Brazil
Vascular Research Center and Its Risk Factors Vascor, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Laboratory of Vascular Dynamics and Non-Invasive Hemodynamics. Hosp. São Francisco—Santa Casa de Porto Alegre—Brazil
Cardiometabolic Center Dr. Luis María Pupi, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
CardioArenales: Noninvasive Vascular Laboratory
Centro de Hipertensión Arterial y Biomecânica Vascular
SICOR Clinical and Research Center, Medellin, Colombia
Metabolism and Biomechanics in Systemic Vasculopathy
Arterial Stiffness Laboratory
University Hospital, Fundación Favaloro, Arterial Hypertension, Metabolic Unit
Ricardo Gutierrez Children´s Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Masira Research Institute, Medical School, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
Chapter 54 e. Network for Research in Vascular Aging
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Introduction and Motivation
Research Efforts and Achievements
Challenges
Outlook
References
Index

Pedro Guimarães Cunha

Prof. Pedro Guimarães Cunha is a Consultant in Internal Medicine and a European Hypertension Specialist (by the European Society of Hypertension). He works as a Professor and Researcher of Minho Medical School and the Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, Minho University. He coordinates the Outpatient Clinic and Research of the Center for the Research and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk, Hospital Senhora da Oliveira - Guimarães / Minho University (an ESH Excellence Center in Hypertension). He has served as President of the Working Group Hypertension and Brain - European Society of Hypertension (2018-2022) and is currently the Secretary General of the Executive Committee of the Artery Society. His main focus is clinical research in vascular aging, large arteries, cardiovascular risk, hypertension, cardiometabolic and cardiovascular disease.

Affiliations and expertise

Visiting Professor at the School of Medicine, University of Minho, Portugal

Pierre Boutouyrie

Pierre Boutouyrie is full professor of Pharmacology at Université de Paris Cité, head of Pharmacology department and cardiologist at Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, and researcher at Institut National de Santé et recherche médicale INSERM, PARCC. His main topics are care and research in hypertension, research on arterial remodeling and stiffness. He has published over 340 articles and has over 20,000 quotations.

Affiliations and expertise

Full Professor of Pharmacology and Cardiology, University Paris Descartes Sorbonne, Paris, France

Michael Hecht Olsen

Michael Hecht Olsen is a professor in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention at the Department for Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, and senior consultant in cardiology at Department of Medicine 1, Holbaek Hospital, Denmark.

Both clinically and in research, he works with hypertension, obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular risk stratification using measurements of subclinical cardiovascular damage (e.g., pulse wave analysis, ultrasound of the carotid arteries and echocardiography) and new biomarkers for deep phenotyping trying to develop individualized treatment. He has published over 200 publications (Web of Science H-index 47).

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark

Peter M Nilsson

Peter M. Nilsson is Senior Professor/expert in Clinical Cardiovascular Research at Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. For many years he has been developing the concept of EVA with numerous colleagues and the prevention of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Professor, Cardiovascular Research, consultant, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden

Stephane Laurent

Stepane Laurent’s research interests are hypertension pathophysiology and management, pharmacology of antihypertensive drugs, arterial stiffness and vascular ageing. He has served as President of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) (2007-2009) and President of the ARTERY Society (2010-2012), and is the author of over 500 referenced articles and 20 chapters in books.

Affiliations and expertise

Emeritus Professor of Pharmacology at Université de Paris Cité, France