Drugs, Addiction, and the Brain
- 1st Edition - July 12, 2014
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Authors: George F. Koob, Michael A. Arends, Michel Le Moal
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 8 6 9 3 7 - 1
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 8 6 9 5 9 - 3
Drugs, Addiction, and the Brain explores the molecular, cellular, and neurocircuitry systems in the brain that are responsible for drug addiction. Common neurobiological elements… Read more
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Request a sales quoteDrugs, Addiction, and the Brain explores the molecular, cellular, and neurocircuitry systems in the brain that are responsible for drug addiction. Common neurobiological elements are emphasized that provide novel insights into how the brain mediates the acute rewarding effects of drugs of abuse and how it changes during the transition from initial drug use to compulsive drug use and addiction. The book provides a detailed overview of the pathophysiology of the disease. The information provided will be useful for neuroscientists in the field of addiction, drug abuse treatment providers, and undergraduate and postgraduate students who are interested in learning the diverse effects of drugs of abuse on the brain.
- Full-color circuitry diagrams of brain regions implicated in each stage of the addiction cycle
- Actual data figures from original sources illustrating key concepts and findings
- Introduction to basic neuropharmacology terms and concepts
- Introduction to numerous animal models used to study diverse aspects of drug use.
- Thorough review of extant work on the neurobiology of addiction
Advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students taking an addiction course as part of a neuroscience, neurology, psychiatry, biology or addiction medicine program
- Preface
- Chapter 1. What is Addiction?
- Definitions of Addiction
- Neuroadaptational Views of Addiction
- Summary
- Chapter 2. Introduction to the Neuropsychopharmacology of Drug Addiction
- The Central Nervous System
- Pharmacology for Addiction
- Pharmacokinetics
- Basic Neurobiology of Addiction
- Brain Structures and Functions Relevant to the Three Stages of the Addiction Cycle
- Neuroadaptational Summary
- Chapter 3. Animal Models of Addiction
- Validation of Animal Models of Drug Addiction
- Animal Models of the Binge/Intoxication Stage of the Addiction Cycle
- Animal Models of the Withdrawal/Negative Affect Stage of the Addiction Cycle
- Animal Models of the Preoccupation/Anticipation Stage of the Addiction Cycle
- Animal Models of Vulnerability to Addiction
- Summary of Animal Models of Addiction
- Chapter 4. Psychostimulants
- Definitions
- History of Psychostimulant Use
- Physiological Effects
- Behavioral Effects
- Medical Uses
- Pharmacokinetics
- Behavioral Mechanism of Action
- Use, Abuse, and Addiction
- Neurobiological Effects
- Summary
- Chapter 5. Opioids
- Definitions
- History of Opioid Use
- Physiological Effects
- Behavioral Effects
- Medical Uses
- Pharmacokinetics
- Behavioral Mechanism of Action
- Use, Abuse, and Addiction
- Neurobiological Effects
- Summary
- Chapter 6. Alcohol
- Definitions
- History of Alcohol Use
- Behavioral Effects
- Pharmacokinetics
- Use, Abuse, and Addiction
- Alcohol Toxicity
- Behavioral Mechanism of Action
- Neurobiological Effects
- Summary
- Chapter 7. Nicotine
- Definitions
- History of Use
- Medical Use and Behavioral Effects
- Pharmacokinetics
- Use, Abuse, and Addiction
- Behavioral Mechanism of Action
- Neurobiological Effects
- Summary
- Chapter 8. Cannabinoids
- Definitions
- History of Cannabinoid Use
- Medical Uses
- Behavioral Effects
- Pharmacokinetics
- Use, Abuse, and Addiction
- Behavioral Mechanism of Action
- Neurobiological Effects
- Summary
- Chapter 9. Medications for the Treatment of Addiction – A Neurobiological Perspective
- Conceptual Approach for Understanding Current and Future Medications Development
- Effects of Known Medications on Animal Models of Addiction – Reverse Validity (Rosetta Stone Approach)
- Novel Targets for Medication Development
- Human Laboratory Studies
- Individual Differences and Medication Development
- Clinical Trials – Unique Challenges and Opportunities
- Summary
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: July 12, 2014
- No. of pages (Hardback): 350
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN: 9780123869371
- eBook ISBN: 9780123869593
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George F. Koob
George F. Koob, Ph.D., received his Bachelor of Science degree from Pennsylvania State University and his Ph.D. in Behavioral Physiology from The Johns Hopkins University. He was recently appointed (in 2014) as Director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (currently on a leave of absence as Professor at The Scripps Research Institute, Adjunct Professor in the Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry at the University of California San Diego, and Adjunct Professor in the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of California San Diego). As an authority on drug addiction and stress, he has contributed to our understanding of the neurocircuitry associated with the acute reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse and the neuroadaptations of the reward and stress circuits associated with the transition to dependence. Dr. Koob has published over 780 scientific papers. In collaboration with Dr. Michel Le Moal, he wrote the renowned book Neurobiology of Addiction (Elsevier, 2006). He was previously Director of the NIAAA Alcohol Research Center at The Scripps Research Institute, Consortium Coordinator for NIAAA's multi-center Integrative Neuroscience Initiative on Alcoholism, and Co-Director of the Pearson Center for Alcoholism and Addiction Research. He has trained 75 postdoctoral fellows and 11 predoctoral fellows. He is currently Editor-in-Chief of the journal Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior and Senior Editor for Journal of Addiction Medicine. Dr. Koob taught for 35 years in the Psychology Department at the University of California San Diego, including courses such as Drugs Addiction and Mental Disorders and Impulse Control Disorders, courses that regularly matriculated 400-500 students each. He also taught Contemporary Topics in Central Nervous System Pharmacology at the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences at UCSD for 9 years.
Dr. Koob's research interests have been directed at the neurobiology of emotion, with a focus on the theoretical constructs of reward and stress. He has made contributions to our understanding of the anatomical connections of the emotional systems and the neurochemistry of emotional function. Dr. Koob has identified afferent and efferent connections of the basal forebrain (extended amygdala) in the region of the nucleus accumbens, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and central nucleus of the amygdala in motor activation, reinforcement mechanisms, behavioral responses to stress, drug self-administration, and the neuroadaptation associated with drug dependence.
Dr. Koob also is one of the world's authorities on the neurobiology of drug addiction. He has contributed to our understanding of the neurocircuitry associated with the acute reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse and more recently on the neuroadaptations of these reward circuits associated with the transition to dependence. He has validated key animal models for dependence associated with drugs of abuse and has begun to explore a key role of anti-reward systems in the development of dependence.
Dr. Koob's work with the neurobiology of stress includes the characterization of behavioral functions in the central nervous system for catecholamines, opioid peptides, and corticotropin-releasing factor. Corticotropin-releasing factor, in addition to its classical hormonal functions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, is also located in extrahypothalamic brain structures and may have an important role in brain emotional function. Recent use of specific corticotropin-releasing factor antagonists suggests that endogenous brain corticotropin-releasing factor may be involved in specific behavioral responses to stress, the psychopathology of anxiety and affective disorders, and drug addiction.
Affiliations and expertise
The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USAMA
Michael A. Arends
Michael A. Arends received his Bachelor of Science degree from the University of California, San Diego. He is currently a Senior Research Assistant in the Committee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders at The Scripps Research Institute and has worked in the field of the neurobiology of drug addiction for 20 years. He is Managing Editor for the journals Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior and Journal of Addiction Medicine. He has been acknowledged for his editorial and research assistance in over 450 scientific publications, including books, book chapters, and journal articles.
Affiliations and expertise
Senior Research Assistant, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USAML
Michel Le Moal
Michel Le Moal, M.D., is Professor Emeritus of Neuroscience at the University of Bordeaux, France. He graduated in Medicine (1962) in Philosophy-Sociology and Natural Science and then Neurology (1967) and Psychiatry (1968). He completed a Doctoral in Science at the University of Bordeaux in 1974. In parallel with his academic life in Bordeaux, he spent time as an Associate Researcher and Professor at Caltech (1974) and at The Salk Institute and The Scripps Research Institute. At both institutions, he worked on dopamine neuron electrophysiology and investigated the roles of brain CRF and dopamine systems in behavior and drug addiction. He research interests concern behavior and adaptive processes, their biological foundations, and experimental psychopathology, a discipline he promoted. The concept of individual vulnerability to behavioral pathologies has been at the center of his working hypothesis. Dr. Le Moal has been the founder and director of several research laboratories at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale and finally the Magendie Institute for Neuroscience and Biological Psychiatry in Bordeaux, France. He is an elected Fellow of the French National Academy of Sciences.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor Emeritus, University of Bordeaux and Neurocentre Magendie, Inserm, Bordeaux, FranceRead Drugs, Addiction, and the Brain on ScienceDirect