Doping, Performance-Enhancing Drugs, and Hormones in Sport
Mechanisms of Action and Methods of Detection
- 1st Edition - November 22, 2017
- Author: Anthony C. Hackney
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 3 4 4 2 - 9
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 3 4 4 3 - 6
Doping, Performance-Enhancing Drugs, and Hormones in Sport: Mechanisms of Action and Methods of Detection examines the biochemistry and bioanalytical aspects of performan… Read more
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Request a sales quoteDoping, Performance-Enhancing Drugs, and Hormones in Sport: Mechanisms of Action and Methods of Detection examines the biochemistry and bioanalytical aspects of performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) and other questionable procedures used by athletes to enhance performance. The book informs the specialist of emerging knowledge and techniques and allows the non-specialist to grasp the underlying science and current practice of the discipline.
With clear and compelling language appropriate for a broad spectrum of readers, this book provides background on prevalence, types of agents, their actual or supposed benefits, and their negative effects on health. The technical aspects of detection are discussed, followed by a discussion of why detection is a problematic and still-evolving science. To facilitate comprehension, each chapter is organized in a uniform way with six sections: (1) standard medical uses, (2) why the drugs are used by athletes, (3) biological mechanism of action, (4) what research says about efficacy in improving performance, (5) major health side effects from use and abuse in sport, and 6) concluding key points.
- Presents the scientific concepts of how performance enhancers work, how they are used, and how they are detected and masked from detection
- Features language that is neither simplistic to scientists nor too sophisticated for a large, diverse global audience
- Provides a short “close-up” in each chapter to illustrate key topics that engage, entertain, and create a novel synthesis of thought
Biochemists, pharmacologists, medical doctors, nurses, clinical trials specialists, specialty foods processors and distributors, legislators and their staffs, regulatory scientists and administrators, public health officials, kinesiologists, physical educators, and members of the general public with an interest in exercise and physical training
1. Overview: Doping in SportHistory and Current State of the ProblemPrevalence by Sport, Country, Level of CompetitionWorld Anti-Doping Agency and Legal ProblemsEthical Issues of Usage, Sportsmanship, CharacterAre There Situations in Which Athletes Can Use PEDs?—Therapeutic Use ExemptionClose-Up: Sports Doping in Ancient Civilization—Nothing New Under the SunReferences2. Anabolic Androgenic SteroidsTreatment of Endocrine DisruptionsThe Athletic Drive to Increase Muscle MassIntracellular Biochemical and Nuclear ActionsEarly Paradoxes and Later Confirmations in Research FindingsEffects of Abuse, Reversible and NonreversibleOther Anabolic SubstancesClose-Up: The Victims of the East German Medal Machine 1970s to 1990sReferences3. StimulantsLosing Weight, Staying Awake, Gaining FocusStaying Athletically Lean and on TaskNeurochemistryPerformance Enhancement EvidenceSpeeding and CrashingConclusionClose-Up: Weight Loss and Body Composition—What’s the Difference Between Lean Body Mass, Fat-Free Mass, and Muscle Mass, and Why Do Athletes Care?4. GlucocorticoidsAnti-Inflammatory and Pulmonary ActionsHelping Athletes Recover Faster, Breathe Better, and Burn More FatEndocrine and Immune ActionsDo They work? Yes, No, and MaybePseudo-Cushing’s Syndrome and Mineralocorticoid Actions?ConclusionClose-Up: Primum non nocere—Glucocorticoids and an Ethical Dilemma in Sports Medicine References5. Peptide-Protein HormonesOffsetting Endocrine Defects and DysfunctionsIncreasing Muscle Mass and Enhancing Oxygen DeliveryRamping Up Hormone Actions Within CellsIt Works, Within LimitsAcromegaly, Blood Hyperviscosity, and DeathConclusionClose-Up: Can Altitude Training Alone Have the Same Effects as Taking EPO?References6. Beta-2 AgonistsAsthma Prevention and TreatmentBreathing More and Easier Building Muscle in SportBronchodilation Adrenergic Actions and ReactionsAsthmatics, Yes. ! Everyone Else?Tachycardia, Arrhythmias, SyncopeConclusionClose-Up: Use of Inhalers by Asthmatic Athletes—Is This Really Doping?If My Child Uses an Inhaler for Asthma, Is That Doping?References7. Hormone and Metabolic ModulatorsEstrogen and Androgen Modulation in Health and DiseaseThe Balance Between Gender-Based HormonesSelective Receptor Modulation DrugsContradictions and Ambiguous EvidenceThrombosis, Embolisms, Hot Flashes, and HyperandrogenismConclusionClose-Up: Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators and Exercise as Treatments for Breast Cancer SurvivorsReferences8. NarcoticsIn the arms of MorpheusThe Athletic Need to Push Through the PainThe Opioid System and PainSubstances that Work too WellAddiction, Addiction, and AddictionClose-Up: Pain Management in Athletes—How do Physicians Deal with this Issue when Narcotics are WADA Banned Substances?References9. Beta BlockersCardiovascular Modulation and HealthStaying Calm, Cool, and Collected on the Battlefield of SportBlocking the Actions of Neurotransmitters and HormonesStrong Evidence of Performance EnhancementFrom Lethargy to Impotence: Undesirable EffectsClose-Up: Sometimes the Consequences of Doping Can Be Quite SevereReferences10. Athlete Testing, Analytical Procedures, and Adverse Analytical FindingsWADA Testing ProceduresBiospecimen Analysis TechniquesStrengths and Weaknesses of the Bioanalytical ProceduresWays in Which Athletes Avoid DetectionWhat Happens When an Athlete Gets a Positive Test Result?Close-Up: Fox Guarding the HenhouseReferences11. The Future of Performance Enhancement in SportCan Prevention and Detection Deter Doping?Education of Athletes: Is That Enough?Staying Ahead of the Doping Athlete: Is it Possible?Genetic Doping: Is it the Future?Should Doping be Legalized and Regulated?Binary Gender Constructs and the FutureWhat’s Next?Close-Up: Women Athletes—Taller, Faster, Stronger, and HyperandrogenismReferences
- No. of pages: 168
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: November 22, 2017
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128134429
- eBook ISBN: 9780128134436
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Anthony C. Hackney
Dr. Anthony C. Hackney is a Professor of Exercise Physiology and Nutrition at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. His research group studies how stress affects the hormonal responses of the endocrine system. In particular, his focus is on the dysfunctions and dysregulations that develop from stress exposures which can ultimately compromise physiological responses and adaptations. Dr. Hackney is an editor and author of the successful books Endocrinology of Physical Activity and Sport and Sex Hormones, Exercise and Women, as well as author of the Elsevier book Exercise, Sport, and Bioanalytical Chemistry: Principles and Practice. He has published over 200 peer-reviewed research papers and book chapters, given over 150 national and international scientific conference presentations, and has had current and previous research projects funded by the National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense, USAID, and the National Academy of Sciences. He is an Editorial Board member for five exercise science, sports medicine, and physiology journals; has done visiting professorships in Uruguay, Kosovo, Norway, New Zealand, Germany, and Estonia; and is on the Board of Directors of the Center for the Study of Retired Athletes, UNC-CH. A recipient of three Fulbright Scholar awards, he was named Fellow, American Academy of Kinesiology (2010), Montoye Research Scholar, the American College of Sports Medicine (2015), Fellow, Huffines Institute for Sports Medicine (2015), and Kean-Pogue Senior Research Scholar, University of North Carolina (2016), among other honors and awards.
Affiliations and expertise
Schools of Public Health and Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USARead Doping, Performance-Enhancing Drugs, and Hormones in Sport on ScienceDirect