Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure, An Issue of Critical Care Clinics

1st Edition, Volume 40-2 - March 6, 2024
Editors: Philip Yang, Annette Esper
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 2 9 1 7 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 2 9 1 8 - 6

In this issue of Critical Care Clinics, guest editors Drs. Philip Yang and Annette Esper bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Diagnosis and Management of Acute Res… Read more

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure, An Issue of Critical Care Clinics

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In this issue of Critical Care Clinics, guest editors Drs. Philip Yang and Annette Esper bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure. Top experts in the field cover invasive mechanical ventilation; pharmacologic treatments in ARF; fluid management in ARF; management of ventilator dyssychrony; identification and routine management of ARDS; adjunctive management in ARF and ARDS; and much more.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Forthcoming Issues
Preface
Diagnosis and Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Failure
Key points
Introduction
Definition and epidemiology
Etiology and pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Summary
Clinics care points
Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure
Key points
Introduction
Early stabilization of the patient with acute respiratory failure
Identifying the type of acute respiratory failure
Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure
Causes of hypoxemia
Evaluation of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure
Management of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure
Acute hypercapnic respiratory failure
Evaluation of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure
Management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure
Management of mixed hypoxemic and hypercapnic respiratory failure
Summary
Clinics care points
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation
Key points
Introduction
Intubation
Modes of mechanical ventilation
Respiratory mechanics
Special goals
Variables to manipulate
Ventilator dyssynchrony
Extubation
Summary
Clinics care points
Pharmacologic Treatments in Acute Respiratory Failure
Key points
Introduction
Summary
Clinics care points
Fluid Management in Acute Respiratory Failure
Key points
Introduction
Considering the pathophysiology in acute respiratory distress syndrome in fluid management
A historical shift in fluid management
Fluid management in patients at risk of acute respiratory distress sndrome
Fluid management in acute respiratory failure and septic shock
Long-term outcomes of fluid management in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Fluid choice in acute respiratory failure and acute respirator distress syndrome
Review of proposed metrics to guide fluid resuscitation in acute respiratory failure
Specific considerations in acute respiratory failure and related fluid strategy
Discussion
Gaps in literature
Summary
Clinics care points
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Definition, Diagnosis, and Routine Management
Key points
Introduction
Current acute respiratory distress syndrome definition, limitations, and proposed changes
Emerging approaches for improving the acute respiratory distress syndrome definition and diagnosis
Routine management strategies for acute respiratory distress syndrome
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Adjunctive Therapies in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Key points
Introduction
Prone positioning
Recruitment maneuvers
Neuromuscular blocking agents
Corticosteroids
Pulmonary vasodilators
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Future directions
Summary
Clinics care points
Acute Respiratory Failure in Pregnancy
Key points
Introduction
Materno-fetal respiratory physiology
Causes of acute respiratory failure
Ventilation management
Role of delivery
Outcome after mechanical ventilation during pregnancy
Clinics care points
Acute Respiratory Failure in Severe Acute Brain Injury
Key points
Introduction
Brain–lung interactions
Indications for mechanical ventilation in severe acute brain injury
Ventilator management
Rescue maneuvers
Dyssynchrony and breathing patterns
Other areas of brain–lung conflict
Extubation decisions and tracheostomy
Summary
Ventilator Weaning and Extubation
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation, Weaning, and the Role of Tracheostomy
Key points
Introduction
Definition of prolonged mechanical ventilation
Prevalence
Factors associated with developing prolonged mechanical ventilation
Outcomes
Weaning methods
Managing the upper airway
Physiotherapy and its role in weaning
Nutrition and its role in weaning
Other therapies and their role in weaning
Role of specialized weaning centers
Summary
Clinics care points
Physical and Cognitive Impairment in Acute Respiratory Failure
Key points
Introduction
Neuromuscular dysfunction in acute respiratory failure
Diaphragmatic dysfunction
Joint dysfunction
Pressure ulcers, skin breakdown, and scarring
Physical rehabilitation therapy in the intensive care unit
Liberation from mechanical ventilation
Neurocognitive dysfunction in acute respiratory failure
Post–intensive care syndrome, recovery trajectories, and prognosis after acute respiratory failure
Future directions
Clinics care points

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Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure, An Issue of Critical Care Clinics

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Philip Yang

Annette Esper