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Decision-Making in Ophthalmology

Decision Making Series

  • 1st Edition - July 16, 2026
  • Latest edition
  • Editor: Neil J. Friedman
  • Language: English

Think systematically and follow a logical sequence throughout the steps of diagnostic decisions with Decision-Making in Ophthalmology. This valuable resource is perfect for ophtha… Read more

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Description

Think systematically and follow a logical sequence throughout the steps of diagnostic decisions with Decision-Making in Ophthalmology. This valuable resource is perfect for ophthalmologists and trainees, as well as optometrists and primary care and emergency medicine physicians who need to make informed decisions about their patients' care on a day-to-day basis. Practical and easy to use, it’s filled with work-up and diagnostic algorithms that provide easy-to-follow guidance when encountering patients whose clinical presentation is unfamiliar or complex. Each point-of-care algorithm represents a common ophthalmic problem or disease, and offers a concise visual representation that clearly guides you through the steps of efficient and effective decision making.

Key features

  • Contains more than 230 algorithms with accompanying explanations, covering common general signs and symptoms as well as specific eye disorders, organized by subspecialty area
  • Covers all ophthalmic subspecialties, including orbit and lid, neuro-ophthalmology, pediatrics and strabismus, cornea and external disease, lens/cataract, glaucoma, posterior segment, trauma, and tumors
  • Color-coded for ease of understanding, helping you differentiate between the key information to gather and questions to consider, actions to take, and any relevant differential diagnoses
  • Provides step-by-step guidance for diagnosis of common complaints like vision loss, double vision, eye pain, red eye, and tearing; evaluation for elective procedures such as cosmetic eyelid surgery and refractive surgery; the latest treatment for dry eye disease, glaucoma, macular degeneration, childhood myopia, and retinopathy of prematurity; the use of ophthalmic viscoelastic devices and advanced technology intraocular lenses; management of refractive, cataract, and glaucoma intraoperative and postoperative surgical complications; approaches to traumatic injuries and non-accidental trauma; and much more
  • Shares the knowledge and expertise of editor Dr. Neil J. Friedman, who is joined by section editors who lend a well-rounded perspective across ophthalmic subspecialties: Drs. Ore-Ofe O. Adesina, Zaina Al-Mohtaseb, Ann Caroline Fisher, Peter K. Kaiser, Timothy J. McCulley, and Ann Shue
  • An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. Additional digital ancillary content may publish after the publication date

Readership

Ophthalmologists and ophthalmology residents/fellows

Table of contents

PART 1 Common Symptoms and Signs
SECTION 1 SYMPTOMS

1 Vision Loss

2 Visual Distortion

3 Dyschromatopsia

4 Nyctalopia and Hemeralopia

5 Decreased Vision in Infant

6 Diplopia

7 Visual Auras, Palinopsia, and Visual Snow

8 Visual Hallucinations

9 Floaters

10 Photopsia

11 Glare and Halos

12 Photophobia

13 Eye Pain

14 Headache/Eye Pain

15 Red Eye

16 Epiphora in Child

17 Epiphora in Adult
SECTION 2 SIGNS

18 Change in Refractive Error

19 Pupil Abnormalities

20 Strabismus

21 Orbit Inflammation

22 Proptosis

23 Upper Eyelid Malposition

24 Lower Eyelid Malposition

25 Eyelid Lesion

26 Conjunctival Membranes and Pseudomembranes

27 Conjunctival Inflammation

28 Conjunctival Fibrosis and Symblepharon

29 Superficial Punctate Keratopathy/Epitheliopathy

30 Corneal Edema

31 Corneal Scar

32 Corneal Deposits

33 Corneal Neovascularization

34 Hyphema

35 Hypopyon

36 Hypotony

37 Iris Heterochromia

38 Iris Neovascularization

39 Leukocoria

40 Ectopia Lentis

41 Vitritis

42 Vitreous Hemorrhage

43 Retinal Hemorrhages

44 Cotton Wool Spots

45 Roth Spots

46 Retinal Embolus

47 Macular Edema

48 Macular Exudates

49 Retinal Vasculitis

50 Bull’s-Eye Maculopathy

51 Retinal Neovascularization

52 Choroidal Neovascularization

53 Choroidal Folds

54 Optic Disc Edema

55 Optic Atrophy
PART II Specific Ocular Disorders
SECTION 3 ORBIT/LID

56 Thyroid Eye Disease

57 Noninfectious Orbital Inflammation

58 Orbital Cellulitis

59 Preseptal Cellulitis

60 Hordeolum/Chalazion

61 Approach to the Cosmetic Eyelid Patient

62 Blepharoptosis

63 Ectropion

64 Entropion

65 Facial Nerve Palsy

66 Floppy Eyelid Syndrome

67 Trichiasis

68 Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction

69 Canaliculitis

70 Dacryocystitis

71 Lacrimal Gland Enlargement
SECTION 4 NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY

72 Cranial Nerve 3 Palsy

73 Cranial Nerve 4 Palsy

74 Cranial Nerve 6 Palsy

75 Multiple Cranial Nerve Palsies

76 Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia

77 Other Motility Disturbances

78 Myasthenia Gravis

79 Nystagmus and Saccadic Intrusions and Oscillations

80 Vestibular Abnormalities

81 Hemifacial Spasm/Blepharospasm

82 Pseudopapilledema

83 Optic Neuropathy

84 Optic Neuritis

85 Chiasmal Syndromes

86 Cortical Vision Impairment

87 Functional Vision Loss

88 Amaurosis Fugax

89 Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency

90 Visual Processing Disorders
SECTION 5 PEDIATRICS/STRABISMUS

91 Refractive Errors

92 Myopia Progression

93 Amblyopia

94 Esotropia

95 Exotropia

96 A and V Patterns

97 Dissociated Vertical Deviation

98 Duane Syndrome

99 Brown Syndrome

100 Congenital Blepharoptosis

101 Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction

102 Ophthalmia Neonatorum

103 Cloudy Cornea

104 Congenital Cataracts

105 Childhood Glaucoma

106 Retinopathy of Prematurity

107 Retinal Detachment in Childhood

108 Albinism

109 Inherited Retinal Disease

110 Color Vision Deficiency

111 Hereditary Optic Neuropathies
SECTION 6 CORNEA/EXTERNAL DISEASE

112 Anterior Blepharitis

113 Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

114 Dry Eye Disease

115 Dry Eye Disease Treatment

116 Conjunctivitis

117 Pterygium

118 Episcleritis

119 Scleritis

120 Contact Lens–Related Disorders

121 Corneal Ulcer

122 Bacterial Corneal Ulcer

123 Fungal Corneal Ulcer

124 Acanthamoeba Keratitis

125 Herpes Simplex Keratitis

126 Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus

127 Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency

128 Recurrent Corneal Erosion

129 Anterior Basement Membrane Dystrophy

130 Corneal Stromal Dystrophies

131 Fuchs Dystrophy

132 Salzmann Nodular Degeneration

133 Keratoconus

134 Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis

135 Neurotrophic Keratopathy

136 Laser Vision Correction Screening

137 Intraoperative Refractive Surgery Complications

138 Postoperative Refractive Surgery Complications

139 Keratoplasty
SECTION 7 LENS/CATARACT

140 Presbyopia Treatment

141 Cataract

142 Biometry/Intraocular Lens Calculations

143 Advanced Technology Intraocular Lenses

144 Phakic Intraocular Lenses

145 Refractive Lens Exchange

146 Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation

147 Astigmatism Correction in the Cataract Patient

148 Ophthalmic Viscoelastic Device Use for Intraocular Surgery

149 Small Pupil Management in Cataract Surgery

150 Zonular Weakness/Dehiscence in the Cataract Patient

151 Posterior Capsular Rupture

152 Blurry Vision After Cataract Surgery

153 Refractive Surprise After Cataract Surgery

154 Dysphotopsia After Cataract Surgery

155 Posterior Capsular Opacification

156 Retained Lens Fragment

157 Dislocated Intraocular Lens

158 Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome

159 Postoperative Infectious Endophthalmitis

160 Cataract Surgery in Patients With Previous Retinal Procedures
SECTION 8 GLAUCOMA

161 Ocular Hypertension

162 Glaucoma Suspect

163 Plateau Iris

164 Acute Angle–Closure Glaucoma

165 Secondary Angle-Closure Glaucoma

166 Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

167 Normal Tension Glaucoma

168 Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma

169 Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma

170 Other Secondary Open-angle Glaucomas

171 Neovascular Glaucoma

172 Malignant Glaucoma

173 Lens-Induced Glaucoma

174 Medical Glaucoma Treatment

175 Laser Glaucoma Treatment

176 Surgical Glaucoma Treatment

177 Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery

178 Shallow Chamber After Glaucoma Surgery

179 Blebitis
SECTION 9 UVEITIS

180 Anterior Uveitis in Adults

181 Anterior Uveitis in Child

182 Intermediate Uveitis

183 Posterior Uveitis in Adult

184 Posterior Uveitis in Child

185 Posterior Uveitis Treatment

186 Endophthalmitis
SECTION 10 POSTERIOR SEGMENT

187 Choroidal Hemorrhage

188 Choroidal Effusion

189 Exudative Retinal Detachment

190 Posterior Vitreous Detachment

191 Vitreous Opacities/Asteroid Hyalosis

192 Peripheral Retinal Degenerations

193 Retinal Breaks

194 Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

195 Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy

196 Retinal Artery Occlusions

197 Retinal Vein Occlusion

198 Hypertensive Retinopathy

199 Diabetic Retinopathy

200 Epiretinal Membrane

201 Cystoid Macular Edema Treatment

202 Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

203 Vitreomacular Traction

204 Macular Hole

205 Age-Related Macular Degeneration

206 Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatment

207 Macular Telangiectasia

208 Myopic Degeneration

209 Toxic Maculopathies

210 Low Vision
SECTION 11 TRAUMA

211 Orbit Fracture

212 Orbital Foreign Body

213 Retrobulbar Hemorrhage

214 Eyelid Laceration

215 Conjunctival and Corneal Foreign Body

216 Corneal Abrasion

217 Corneal Chemical Burn

218 Open Globe

219 Iris and Angle Trauma

220 Intraocular Foreign Body

221 Nonaccidental Trauma

222 Choroidal Rupture
SECTION 12 TUMORS

223 Childhood Orbital Tumors

224 Orbit Neoplasms

225 Eyelid Neoplasms

226 Pigmented Conjunctival Lesions

227 Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

228 Iris Neoplasms

229 Iris and Ciliary Body Melanoma

230 Choroidal Nevus

231 Choroidal Melanoma

232 Other Choroidal Tumors

233 Retinoblastoma

234 Optic Nerve Tumors

235 Phakomatoses

Product details

  • Edition: 1
  • Latest edition
  • Published: August 18, 2026
  • Language: English

About the editor

NF

Neil J. Friedman

Adjunct Clinical Professor Neil J. Friedman works in the Department of Ophthalmology at Stanford University School of Medicine, Partner, Mid-Peninsula Ophthalmology Medical Group, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Affiliations and expertise
Adjunct Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Partner, Mid-Peninsula Ophthalmology Medical Group, Menlo Park, CA, USA