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Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering

Advances in Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems

1st Edition - August 19, 2022

Editors: Xuan-Thanh Bui, Dinh Duc Nguyen, Phuoc-Dan Nguyen, Huu Hao Ngo, Ashok Pandey

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 8 7 4 - 1

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 9 4 3 - 4

Advances in Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems covers different recent advanced technologies, including green technologies, for biological wastewater treatment and wastewater… Read more

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Advances in Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems covers different recent advanced technologies, including green technologies, for biological wastewater treatment and wastewater reuse. The technologies involve novel biological processes and/or modified processes coupled with nano materials for improving the performance of the existing treatment processes. The book also describes treatment strategies for the current pollution from complex organic matter, nutrients, toxic substances, micro plastics and emerging micro pollutants in different water resources. The treatment processes describe the recent developed technologies for wastewater treatment and reuse such as biological nutrient removal, bioreactors, photobioreactors, membrane bioreactors, wetlands, algae-bacteria process, natural treatments, integrated/hybrid bio systems, etc. The novel bio systems include aerobic, anaerobic, facultative operation modes with various of types of microorganisms.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
Chapter 1. Biological wastewater treatment systems: an overview
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Aerobic biological wastewater treatment technologies
1.3 Anaerobic biological wastewater treatment technologies
1.4 Conclusions and perspectives
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 2. Bioelectrochemical technologies for wastewater treatment
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Electrochemically active microorganisms and extracellular electron transfer mechanisms
2.3 Bioelectrochemical systems
2.4 Application of bioelectrochemical systems for wastewater treatment
2.5 Factors controlling the performance of bioelectrochemical systems
2.6 Optimizing strategies for the efficient performance of bioelectrochemical systems
2.7 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 3. Activated sludge processes and recent advances
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Fundamentals of activated sludge processes
3.3 Advance technologies with activated sludge processes
3.4 Applications of activated sludge processes to remove emerging pollutants in wastewater
3.5 Conclusions and perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 4. Aerobic biofilm systems for biological wastewater treatment
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Fundamentals of aerobic biofilm systems
4.3 Fluidized bed biofilm reactor
4.4 Biofilter
4.5 Biological contact oxidation
4.6 Aerated biofilter
4.7 Rotating biological contactor
4.8 Advanced and hybrid biofilm technology
4.9 Comparison of technology performance
4.10 Conclusions and perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 5. Moving bed biofilm reactor for wastewater treatment
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Characteristics of moving bed biofilm reactor process
5.3 Pollutants removal performance of moving bed biofilm reactors
5.4 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 6. Membrane bioreactor processes
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Enhancement of biological wastewater treatment in membrane bioreactors
6.3 Practical configurations of membrane bioreactor
6.4 Application of membrane bioreactors in domestic and industrial wastewater treatment
6.5 Design, operation, and maintenance parameters
6.6 Applications of membrane bioreactors for pollutant elimination
6.7 Fouling control in membrane bioreactors
6.8 Economic assessment of membrane bioreactors
6.9 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 7. Aerobic granular sludge processes
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Definition and characteristics of aerobic granular sludge
7.3 Mechanism of aerobic granulation and stability
7.4 Cultivation and operation parameters of aerobic granular sludge reactors
7.5 Storage and recovery of aerobic granular sludge
7.6 Applications of aerobic granular sludge reactors
7.7 Applications of hybrid technology with aerobic granular sludge process
7.8 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 8. Constructed wetlands and oxidation pond systems
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Oxidation pond systems
8.3 Advances in constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment
8.4 Advances in oxidation pond systems for wastewater treatment
8.5 Applications of integrated wetland–pond systems
8.6 Challenges of constructed wetlands and oxidation ponds
8.7 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 9. Wastewater treatment by Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) without releasing excess sludge
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Application of sequencing batch reactor in treating domestic wastewater
9.3 A case study of sequencing batch reactor system operated without sludge discharge
9.4 Conclusions and perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 10. Application of downflow hanging sponge reactor and biochar for water and wastewater treatment
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Application of downflow hanging sponge reactor for domestic wastewater treatment
10.3 Application of biochar for antibiotic removal in hospital, livestock, and agricultural wastewater
10.4 Application of biochar for low-cost potable water treatment from eutrophicated lakes and reservoirs contaminated with microcystins
10.5 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 11. Microplastics in wastewater treatment plants
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Impacts of plastic pollution on ecosystems, food chain, and human health
11.3 Plastics and wastewater treatment plants
11.4 Microplastics in biological wastewater treatment
11.5 Microplastic detection methods, presence, and removal efficiency in wastewater treatment plants
11.6 Microplastics in biological wastewater treatment plant sludge
11.7 Effect of microplastics in biological wastewater treatment
11.8 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 12. Constructed wetland for pollutants removal from agricultural runoff
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Agricultural wastewater treatment
12.3 Constructed wetlands and combined systems
12.4 Conclusions and perspectives
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 13. Constructed wetlands for treating olive mill wastewater under different operating conditions
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Olive mill wastewater characterization
13.3 Remediation of olive mill wastewater pollution
13.4 Constructed wetlands for olive mill wastewater treatment
13.5 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 14. Biochemical processes in anaerobic treatment of wastewater
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Factors affecting the anaerobic digestion of organic carbon
14.3 Difficulties in anaerobic digestion and biomethanation
14.4 Anaerobic conversion of proteinaceous wastewater
14.5 Nitrogen removal
14.6 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 15. Anaerobic biofilm reactor: fundamentals and applications
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Process description
15.3 Biofilm formation condition and mechanism
15.4 Advances in biofilm reactor technologies
15.5 Design and operating parameters
15.6 Treatment performance
15.7 Limitations, outlook, and research needs of anaerobic biofilm reactors
15.8 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 16. Integrated and hybrid anaerobic treatment technology
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Working principles and mechanism of the anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactor processes
16.3 Key factors affecting the performance of anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactors
16.4 Advantages of anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactor process
16.5 Integrated/hybrid anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactor systems for wastewater treatment
16.6 Conclusions and perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 17. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors: fouling mechanism and its applications in wastewater treatment
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Fundamental of anaerobic membrane bioreactor
17.3 Membrane fouling
17.4 Applications in various wastewater treatment
17.5 Conclusions and perspectives
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 18. Anammox—an energy-efficient nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Characteristics of Anammox bacteria and mechanisms of Anammox reaction
18.3 Effect of operating conditions on the activity of Anammox process and Anammox bacteria diversity
18.4 The applications of partial nitritation/Anammox processes in achieving energy-efficient nitrogen removal
18.5 Recommendation for effluent polishing in a single-stage mainstream PN/A process
18.6 Conclusions and perspectives
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 19. Novel anaerobic biological treatment systems
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 History of anaerobic biological treatment
19.3 Novel anaerobic treatment systems
19.4 Advantages and disadvantages of novel anaerobic treatment systems
19.5 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 20. Monitoring of anaerobic biological processes
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Detection indicator
20.3 Titration methods
20.4 Spectroscopy applications
20.5 Chromatographic techniques
20.6 Sensors
20.7 Online continuous monitoring
20.8 Molecular biotechnology
20.9 Conclusions and perspectives
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 21. Artificial intelligence for wastewater treatment
Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning
21.3 Components of artificial intelligence
21.4 Procedure of an artificial intelligence project
21.5 Advances and the application of artificial intelligence in wastewater treatment
21.6 Conclusions and perspectives
References
Index

Xuan-Thanh Bui

Dr. Xuan-Thanh BUI obtained the degree of engineer in chemical engineering from Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Viet Nam and received his M.Eng and Ph.D. degrees in environmental engineering at Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Thailand. Currently, he is an associate professor at the Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, HCMUT, VNU-HCM. He serves as chairman of Dept. of Water Science & Technology and head of VNU-HCM Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology. His research focuses on membrane separation processes, water and wastewater treatment technologies, biological treatment processes and green technologies. He has published more than 100 SCIE journal papers, 25 books/book chapters and 02 patents. Additionally, he has played a role of project investigator of more than 50 international/national research projects in the field and organized three international conferences. Since 2017, he became members of the scientific committee in the field of earth sciences and environment of National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED), Ministry of Science and Technology, Viet Nam. In addition, he is editor board members of some journals such as Bioresource Technology, Environmental Technology and Innovation, Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, Vietnam Journal of Engineering Science and Technology.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate professor, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, HCMUT, VNU-HCM, Vietnam

Dinh Duc Nguyen

Dr. D. Duc Nguyen completed his Bachelor of Environmental Engineering in Department of Environmental Engineering at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Vietnam (Apr. 2005) and received a scholarship to come to Dankook University, South Korea to pursue a Master degree (Feb. 2011) and subsequently a PhD degree (Feb. 2014) of Energy and Environmental Engineering. Prior to joining academia, Nguyen had participated and developed in many industrial projects (research, consultant, design, construction, operation, and transfer technology) in the field of environmental engineering in both nationally and internationally. Nguyen has been invited for working at Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, South Korea as a Res. Prof. since early 2016, and from Dec. 2017 until present Dr Nguyen has been promoted to Asst. Prof. at the same University. So far, he is the author/co-author of over 140 peer reviewed articles and PI of three national research projects ($USD 700K). His current research interests are focused: i) integrated anaerobic digestion of waste biomasses for the generation of renewable energy, ii) hybrid biological process for wastewater treatment, nutrient removal and recovery, iii) preparation/synthesis of novel nanoparticles, composite materials and biochar for applications in the environmental remediation and chemical industry. He is also conducting research and development to commercial design products based research finding, for environmental companies and organizations.

Affiliations and expertise

Asstant Professor, Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea

Phuoc-Dan Nguyen

Assoc. Prof. Phuoc-Dan Nguyen (Dan) is now a Professor of Environmental Engineering and working as a scientist at the Asian Centre for Water Research (Centre Asiatique de Recherche sur L’Eau, CARE) of Ho Chi Minh City Uiversity of Technology (HCMUT), Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM). He was a former Dean of Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources (of HCMUT), former Director of CARE and former Head of VNU-HCM Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology. His interesting research and technology transfer are water and wastewater treatment processes, solid waste management and water resource management. Dan has more than 100 publications, 5 books and one patent. He successfully carried out more than 30 research projects that have funded from local Departments of Science and Technology, international organizations, and industries. He has been appointed as Guest Editors of Journal of Environmental Management, Bioresource Technology Reports and Water Sustainability and editor board members of local journals of VNU-HCM.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, Phuoc-Dan Nguyen (Dan); Scientist, Asian Centre for Water Research (Centre Asiatique de Recherche sur L’Eau, CARE) of Ho Chi Minh City Uiversity of Technology (HCMUT), Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Vietnam

Huu Hao Ngo

Prof. Ngo is currently a Professor of Environmental Engineering and serving as Deputy Director of Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, Co-Director of Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney. He has been duly elected as Fellow of International Water Association (FIWA) and Fellow and Lead Researcher of the International Bioprocessing Association (FIBA and LRIBA) while serving as IBA Council Member. Prof. Ngo is internationally well-known for his activities in the areas of advanced biological waste treatment technologies (e.g. membrane bioreactor, specific attached and/or suspended growth bioreactors, anaerobic digesters, wetland and bio-sorption) and membrane technologies. His expertise and practical experience also covers the areas of alternative resources, management and impacts assessment, and solid waste management. Currently, he is very active to work on the development of specific green bioprocessing technologies: resource recovery, water-waste- bioenergy nexus and greenhouse gas emission control. Prof. Ngo has been listed as Highly Cited Researcher 2019 in Cross Field Category, Clarivate Analytics, Web of Science; Elsevier - World Top 3 ranking researcher 2019 in Environmental Engineering; Lead Researcher in the field of Biotechnology in Australia. He ranks #2 in the world for number of scholarly outputs in the SciVal topic ‘membrane fouling; bioreactors; membrane bioreactors (SciVal, Feb 2020). He ranks #1 in Australia for number of scholarly outputs in the SciVal topic ‘biosorption; aqueous solution; bisorption capacity; ‘antibiotics; oxytetracycline; veterinary antibiotics’, (SciVal, Feb 2020). Prof. Ngo has published more than 500 SCI/ISI journal papers (citations >20,000), 7 books and 35 book chapters, a number of patents while receiving several highly recognized honours/awards. He has been invited to give numerous plenary/keynotes and invited talks, seminars and lecturers in the international conferences as well as the universities/research institutions. Prof. Ngo has appointed as Editor of Bioresource Technology, Elsevier, Associate Editor of Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier, Associate Editor of Water Process Engineering and Associate Editor of Heliyon Journal, Elsevier. He is also an editorial board member/guest editor of numerous international journals such as Bioresource Technology Reports, Elsevier; Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management, Elsevier; Journal of Energy and Environmental Sustainability, IJSEES, Environmental Science and Ecotechnology, EHIT, Journal of Bioengineered, Taylor & Francis.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, University of Technology Sydney, Australia

Ashok Pandey

Professor Ashok Pandey is currently Distinguished Scientist at the Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India and Executive Director (Honorary) at the Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability – India. Formerly, he was Eminent Scientist at the Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Mohali and Chief Scientist & Head of Biotechnology Division and Centre for Biofuels at CSIR’s National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum. His major research and technological development interests are industrial & environmental biotechnology and energy biosciences, focusing on biomass to biofuels & chemicals, waste to wealth & energy, industrial enzymes, etc. Professor Pandey is Adjunct/Visiting Professor/Scientist in universities in France, Brazil, Canada, China, Korea, South Africa, and Switzerland and also in several universities several in India. He has ~1425 publications/communications, which include 16 patents, 90 books, >700 papers and book chapters, etc with h index of 105 and ~48,800 citations (Goggle scholar). He has transferred several technologies to industries and has done industrial consultancy for about a dozen projects for Indian/international industries. Professor Pandey is the recipient of many national and international awards and honours, which include Highest Cited Researcher (Top 1% in the world), Clarivate Analytics, Web of Science (2020, 2019 & 2018); Top scientist in Biotechnology (#1 in India and #8 in the world), Stanford University world ranking (2020); Fellow, World Society of Sustainable Energy Technologies (2020); Fellow, Indian Chemical Society (2020); Distinguished Scientist, VDGOOD Professional Association, India (2020); Distinguished Professor of Eminence with global impact in the area of Biotechnology, Precious Cornerstone University, Nigeria (2020); IconSWM Life-time Achievement Award 2019, International Society for Solid Waste Management, KIIT, Bhubaneshwar, India (2019); Yonsei Outstanding Scholar, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (2019); Life-Time Achievement Award from the Biotech Research Society, India (2018); Life-Time Achievement Award from Venus International Research Awards (2018), Most Outstanding Researcher Award from Career360 (2018), Life-Time Achievement Award from the International Society for Energy, Environment and Sustainability (2017); Fellow, Royal Society of Biology, UK (2016); Felow, International Society for Energy, Environment and Sustainability (2016); Academician of European Academy of Sciences and Arts, Austria (2015); Fellow, National Academy of Sciences, India (2012); Fellow, Association of Microbiologists of India (2008); Honorary Doctorate degree from Univesite Blaise Pascal, France (2007); Fellow, International Organization of Biotechnology and Bioengineering (2007); Thomson Scientific India Citation Laureate Award, USA (2006); Fellow, the Biotech Research Society, India (2005); UNESCO Professor (2000); Raman Research Fellowship Award, CSIR (1995); GBF, Germany and CNRS, France Fellowships (1992) and Young Scientist Award (1989), etc. Professor Pandey is Founder President of the Biotech Research Society, India (www.brsi.in); Founder & International Coordinator of International Forum on Industrial Bioprocesses, France (www.ifibiop.org), Chairman of the International Society for Energy, Environment & Sustainability (www.isees.in), Editor-in-chief of Bioresource Technology (http://ees.elsevier.com/bite/), Honorary Executive Advisor of Journal of Energy and Environmental Sustainability (www.jees.in), Journal of Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing (https://www.springer.com/journal/43393), Journal of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (http://neerijese.org/editorial-board/), Subject Editor, Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences, India (https://www.springer.com/life+sciences/journal/40011) and Associate Editor, Biologia – Section Cellular and Molecular Biology (https://www.springer.com/journal/11756/editors) and editorial board member of several international and Indian journals.

Affiliations and expertise

Distinguished Scientist, Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India