Current Controversies in Neonatology, An Issue of Clinics in Perinatology

1st Edition, Volume 49-1 - February 26, 2022
Editors: Robert Kliegman, Susan Cohen
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 9 6 9 8 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 9 6 9 9 - 3

In this issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest editor Robert M. Kliegman brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Current Controversies in… Read more

Current Controversies in Neonatology, An Issue of Clinics in Perinatology

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In this issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest editor Robert M. Kliegman brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Current Controversies in Neonatology.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
CME Accreditation Page
Forthcoming Issues
Foreword
Preface
Delirium in the Neonate
Key points
Introduction
Definition
Presentation
Incidence
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
Outcomes
Summary
Treatment of Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus
Key points
Controversies with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus treatment options
Intraventricular hemorrhage
Posthemorrhagic ventricular dilation
Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus
Long-term outcomes of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus
Approaches to Treatment of Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus
Treatment timing of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus
Neonatal Hypertension
Key points
Introduction
Incidence
Differential diagnosis and risk factors
Definition of neonatal hypertension
Presentation of neonatal hypertension
Evaluation
Treatment
Discussion
Summary
Clinics Care Points
Disclosure
Counseling for Perinatal Outcomes in Women with Congenital Heart Disease
Key points
Adult congenital heart disease population
Normal cardiovascular changes during pregnancy
Prepregnancy counseling
Maternal risk stratification
High-risk heart disease during pregnancy
Summary
Advances in Understanding the Mechanism of Transitional Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Implications for Management
Key points
Introduction
“Defining” neonatal hypoglycemia: the numerical albatross around our necks
Discriminating the etiology of hypoglycemia in neonates
Evidence that the mechanism of transitional neonatal hypoglycemia (hyperinsulinism) is a lower glucose threshold for pancreatic beta-cell insulin secretion
Summary and implications for improving management of neonatal hypoglycemia
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in Newborns
Key points
Introduction
Possible methods of maternal transmission to newborns
Epidemiologic studies and potential transplacental vertical transmission
Coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis and impact on mother and newborn
Further evidence to support a relationship between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and premature births
Maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, maternal vaccination, and antibody production in cord blood and breast milk
Placenta findings in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2–positive mothers
Summary
Clinics care points
Black Babies Matter
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Pulmonary Vasodilator Therapy in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn
Key points
Introduction
Background
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)-related pulmonary hypertension
Approach to the management of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
Summary
Disclosure
Withdrawing and Withholding Life-Sustaining Medical Therapies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Case-Based Approaches to Clinical Controversies
Key points
Introduction
Ethical considerations for withholding/withdrawing life-sustaining medical therapies
Case of baby A
Case of baby B
What and when to withdraw: when trying to help parents decide
Withholding/withdrawing artificial nutrition and hydration
When an infant does not follow the script
Summary
Best Practices Box
Beyond the Clinical Trials: Off-Protocol Therapeutic Hypothermia
Key points
Introduction
Decisions to initiate therapeutic hypothermia for infants who were specifically excluded by the original research protocol
Decisions to provide therapeutic hypothermia with changes to the treatment protocol that was studied in clinical trials
Decisions to offer therapeutic hypothermia for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury that does not occur in the context of an acute perinatal event
Summary
Percutaneous Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Key points
Introduction
Procedural feasibility, risks, and post–device closure syndrome
Procedural steps and recent modifications
Anesthetic considerations in percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure
Considerations in the design of a clinical trial of percutaneous closure
Summary
Exome and Whole Genome Sequencing in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Key points
Introduction
History/Background
Current evidence
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Best practices
Biomarkers of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: The Search Continues
Key points
Introduction
Challenges in identifying the ideal necrotizing enterocolitis biomarker(s)
Characteristics of the ideal biomarker(s) for necrotizing enterocolitis
Fecal biomarkers (Table 3)
Summary and future directions
Disclosure
Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Introduction and historical perspective
Feeding practices
Composition of feedings: human milk, donor milk, fortification, medications
Milk fortifiers and necrotizing enterocolitis
Osmolality
Standardized feeding protocols
Nulla per os during transfusions
H2 blockers
Antibiotics
Use of probiotics in preterm infants
Other factors and the future
Differences of Sex Development: What Neonatologists Need to Know
Key points
Introduction
Terminology and full disclosure
Gender identity and gender fluidity: development, definition, and changing perceptions
Embryology of internal and external sexual differentiation
Diagnosis: traditional and genetic investigations
Guidelines for psychological counseling
Genital surgery during infancy
Long-term outcome
Summary
Novel Ventilation Strategies to Reduce Adverse Pulmonary Outcomes
Key points
Ventilator-associated lung injury
Initial stabilization and strategies to optimize lung aeration at birth
Noninvasive respiratory support/less invasive surfactant administration
Novel approaches to noninvasive respiratory support
Increased duration of continuous positive airway pressure
Prevention of atelectrauma
Avoidance of volutrauma
High-frequency ventilation with volume targeting
Proportional assist modalities
Airway pressure release ventilation
Mandatory minute ventilation
Adaptive support ventilation
Automated control of fraction of inspired oxygen
Summary
Best Practices
Pharmacologic Analgesia and Sedation in Neonates
Key points
Introduction
Mild painful procedures
Moderately painful procedures
Prolonged stress in preterm neonates
Prolonged stress in term neonates
Summary
Disclosure
Clinics care points
Controversies in Fetal Surgery: Prenatal Repair of Myelomeningocele in the Modern Era
Key points
Introduction
History of fetal surgery
Background of fetal surgery for myelomeningocele
Modern treatment controversies
Clinics care points
New Horizons in Mild Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy: A Standardized Algorithm to Move past Conundrum of Care
Key points
Introduction and scope of the problem
Cumulative evidence suggests that mild HIE is not so “mild”
Current management of mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy paradigms and limitations
Time to seek nontraditional designs to end this conundrum
Algorithm of care
Summary
Disclosure

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Current Controversies in Neonatology, An Issue of Clinics in Perinatology

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Immediately download your ebook while waiting for your print delivery. No promo code needed.

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Robert Kliegman

Susan Cohen