Cost Effective Technologies for Solid Waste and Wastewater Treatment

1st Edition - November 3, 2021
Editors: Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Srujana Kathi, Suja Devipriya, Kaliannan Thamaraiselvi
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 9 3 3 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 0 0 3 - 9

Cost-Effective Technologies for Solid Waste and Wastewater Treatment synthesizes methods, case studies, and analyses of various state-of-the-art techniques for removing contam… Read more

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Cost-Effective Technologies for Solid Waste and Wastewater Treatment synthesizes methods, case studies, and analyses of various state-of-the-art techniques for removing contaminants from wastewater, solid waste, or sewage and converting or reusing the waste with minimum impact on the environment. Focusing on innovative treatment strategies, as well as recent modifications to conventional processes, the book covers methods for a complex variety of emerging pollutants, including organic matter, chemicals, and micropollutants resulting from developmental and industrial activities.

Serving as a practical guide to state-of-the-art methods, Cost-Effective Technologies for Solid Waste and Wastewater Treatment also delivers offers foundational information on the practical design of treatment and reuse systems and explains the treatments in terms of scale, efficiency, and effectiveness. It focuses on cost-effective technologies that are particularly applicable to environmental clean-up, such as bioaugmentation and biostimulation of plastics, activated carbon, phytoremediation, crude oil pollution stress, adsorbents, contaminants of emerging concern, anaerobic digestion, ISCO, biosorption, bioremediation, radioactive contaminants, constructed wetlands, nanoremediation, and rainwater. As such, it is a valuable and practical resource for researchers, students, and managers in the fields of environmental science and engineering, as well as wastewater management, chemical engineering, and biotechnology.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Perspectives and Foreword
Foreword
Preface
Abbreviations
Chapter 1: An introduction to cost-effective technologies for solid waste and wastewater treatment
Abstract
1.1: Introduction
1.2: Emerging technologies in solid waste management
1.3: Emerging technologies in wastewater management
1.4: Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Bioaugmentation and biostimulation of dumpsites for plastic degradation
Abstract
2.1: Introduction
2.2: Microorganisms degrading synthetic polymers
2.3: Bioaugmentation and biostimulation
2.4: Bioaugmentation and biostimulation approaches in the dumpsite/landfill
2.5: Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: Bioremediation approach for treatment of soil contaminated with radiocesium
Abstract
Acknowledgment
3.1: Introduction
3.2: Deposition of radiocesium
3.3: Target ecosystems
3.4: Radiocesium incorporation in the biogeochemical cycle
3.5: Chemistry of cesium
3.6: Microbial remediation of cesium
3.7: Remobilization of cesium due to microbial activity
3.8: Conclusions
References
Chapter 4: Management of biodegradable waste through the production of single-cell protein
Abstract
4.1: Introduction
4.2: Biodegradable wastes and environmental hazards
4.3: Recycling methods for biodegradable wastes
4.4: Biological methods
4.5: Biodegradable waste into value-added products
4.6: Applications of single-cell protein
4.7: Future perspectives
References
Chapter 5: Application of plant-based natural coagulants in water treatment
Abstract
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Moringa oleifera
5.3: Strychnos potatorum
5.4: Leguminous species
5.5: Other plant coagulants
5.6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Recent applications of downflow hanging sponge technology for decentralized wastewater treatment
Abstract
Acknowledgments
6.1: Introduction
6.2: Sanitation and hygiene in decentralized communities
6.3: Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) in SCOPUS database (1997–2020)
6.4: Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) concept and configuration
6.5: Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) generations
6.6: Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) advantages
6.7: Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) challenges for future researches
6.8: Conclusions and recommendations
References
Chapter 7: Assessment of biochar application in decontamination of water and wastewater
Abstract
Acknowledgments
7.1: Introduction
7.2: Biochar production and properties
7.3: Factors influencing quality of biochar
7.4: Environmental application of biochar
7.5: Removal of organic pollutants
7.6: Removal of heavy metals
7.7: Challenges of biochar application in water and wastewater treatment
7.8: Conclusions and recommendations
References
Further reading
Chapter 8: In situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) remediation: A focus on activated persulfate oxidation of pesticide-contaminated soil and groundwater
Abstract
Acknowledgments
8.1: Introduction
8.2: Chemical oxidation
8.3: ISCO remediation
8.4: Mechanism of generation of sulfate radicals
8.5: Activation of persulfate
8.6: Pesticides in soil and groundwater
8.7: Investigation on iron-activated persulfate oxidation of Aldrin
8.8: Influence of Fe2 + on Aldrin degradation
8.9: Challenges and opportunities in field applications
8.10: Conclusions
References
Chapter 9: Composting of food waste: A novel approach
Abstract
9.1: Introduction
9.2: Methods
9.3: Results and discussion
9.4: Conclusion
References
Chapter 10: Biological pretreatment for enhancement of biogas production
Abstract
Acknowledgment
10.1: Introduction
10.2: Biochemical process
10.3: Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass
10.4: Microbial degradation of lignocellulosic biomass
10.5: Microbial enhancement of biogas
10.6: Future scope of research
10.7: Conclusion
References
Chapter 11: Recent trends in bioremediation of pollutants by enzymatic approaches
Abstract
11.1: Introduction
11.2: Microbial oxidoreductases
11.3: Microbial oxygenases
11.4: Microbial peroxidases
11.5: Biosensors
11.6: Nanozymes
11.7: Bioremediation of toxic compounds by enzymatic methods
11.8: Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs)
11.9: Hydrolytic enzymes for bioremediation
11.10: Advantages of enzymes over microorganisms and plants
11.11: Limitations to enzyme-mediated bioremediation strategies
11.12: Conclusions
References
Chapter 12: Phytoremediation of heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons using Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Abstract
12.1: Introduction
12.2: Materials and methods
12.3: Results and discussion
12.4: Conclusions
References
Chapter 13: Proteobacteria response to heavy metal pollution stress and their bioremediation potential
Abstract
Acknowledgments
13.1: Introduction
13.2: Materials and methods
13.3: Results
13.4: Discussion
13.5: Conclusion
References
Chapter 14: Treatment of harvested rainwater and reuse: Practices, prospects, and challenges
Abstract
14.1: Introduction
14.2: History of rainwater harvesting
14.3: Aims/needs of rainwater harvesting
14.4: Principle and components
14.5: Classification of RWH systems
14.6: Quality assessment of harvested rainwater
14.7: Challenges
14.8: Benefits and applications of RWH
14.9: Recommendations to encourage RWH
14.10: Conclusion & future prospects
References
Chapter 15: Phytoremediation: A wonderful cost-effective tool
Abstract
15.1: Introduction
15.2: Soil contamination and remediation technologies
15.3: Types of phytoremediation
15.4: Mechanism of phytoremediation
15.5: Factors affecting uptake mechanisms of contaminants
15.6: Quantification of phytoremediation efficiency
15.7: Advantages, limitation, and future perspective of phytoremediation
15.8: Conclusion
References
Chapter 16: Vermicomposting: An efficient technology for the stabilization and bioremediation of pulp and paper mill sludge
Abstract
16.1: Introduction
16.2: Advantages of vermicomposting technology
16.3: Physicochemical characteristics of vermicompost at different materials mixed with pulp and paper mill sludge
16.4: Conclusion
References
Chapter 17: Potential of solid waste prevention and minimization strategies
Abstract
17.1: Introduction
17.2: Solid waste and solid waste management (SWM)
17.3: Hierarchy in waste management
17.4: Integrated solid waste management (ISWM)
17.5: Waste minimization and its strategy
17.6: Resource and energy recovery
17.7: Solid waste reduction benefits
17.8: Guidelines for waste management
17.9: Conclusion
References
Chapter 18: Nanoremediation of pollutants: A conspectus of heavy metals degradation by nanomaterials
Abstract
18.1: Introduction
18.2: Toxicity and environmental impacts of heavy metals
18.3: Heavy metals degradation by nanomaterials
18.4: Mechanisms of heavy metals degradation by nanomaterials
18.5: Toxicity and limitations of nanomaterials
18.6: Biosafety assessment
18.7: Conclusion
References
Chapter 19: Excess fluoride issues and mitigation using low-cost techniques from groundwater: A review
Abstract
Acknowledgments
19.1: Introduction
19.2: Materials and methods
19.3: Chemistry of fluorine
19.4: Production of fluorine
19.5: Sources of fluoride
19.6: Fluoride health effects on humans
19.7: Defluoridation methods
19.8: Coagulation-precipitation method
19.9: Membrane process
19.10: Ion-exchange process
19.11: Electrocoagulation process
19.12: Adsorption techniques
19.13: Bentonite clay
19.14: Review of literature on both modified and unmodified bentonite clay for fluoride removal
19.15: Apatite materials: HAP
19.16: Diatomaceous earth materials
19.17: Conclusions and future research areas
References
Chapter 20: Cost-effective biogenic-production of inorganic nanoparticles, characterizations, and their antimicrobial properties
Abstract
Acknowledgment
20.1: Introduction
20.2: Various methods for nanomaterial synthesis
20.3: Classification of NPs
20.4: Green synthesis approach for inorganic nanoparticles
20.5: Characterization of nanoparticles
20.6: Antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized nanometal oxide particles
20.7: Future directions and conclusions
References
Further reading
Index

Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi

Dr. Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi is Assistant Professor of Environmental Engineering in the Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Pakistan. He received his Ph.D. in Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology from Zhejiang University, China. Dr. Hashmi’s research interests are analytical chemistry and the development of treatment technologies to control environmental and industrial pollution. He also has expertise in developing environmentally sustainable and feasible technologies including bioremediation, using innovative microbes and genes, plants, and microcosms. He has edited seven books, 14 book chapters, 80 original research articles and is currently series editor of two environmental contaminant book series. Dr. Hashmi is also an Associate Editor of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences. Dr. Hashmi is Member of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences, International Toxicology Society, HEC and PSF Research Grants Committee, and has been awarded a KANS Prize in OIC countries by MUSTAFA Science and Technology Foundation.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Pakistan

Srujana Kathi

Srujana Kathi is an independent researcher in the Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences at Pondicherry University. Her interests range from environmental monitoring and assessment and phytoremediation to environmental epidemiology and cognitive neuroscience. She completed her doctoral thesis on Bioremediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil at Pondicherry University. She has written multiple journal articles and book chapters.

Affiliations and expertise

ICSSR Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India

Suja Devipriya

Suja P. Devipriya is Assistant Professor of Pondicherry University. She received her PhD in Environmental Technology from Cochin University of Science and Technology. Her primary areas of interest include environmental photocatalysis, environmental biotechnology, solid waste management, and industrial ecology. Previously, she was a Senior Research Fellow at Cochin University of Science and Technology, and then a Post-Doctoral Fellow at Bowling Green State University in the US.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India

Kaliannan Thamaraiselvi

K. Thamaraiselvi is Associate Professor of Environmental Biotechnology at Bharathidasan University. She received her Masters in Ecobiology and her PhD in Environmental Sciences from Bharathiar University. Previously, she was a postdoctoral researcher at CIES in France and then a Research Professor at Yonsei University in South Korea. Since 2018, she has been an Executive Committee Member in the Clean Green Initiative at Bharathidasan University. Her areas of research include molecular bioremediation, bioenergy production, microbial biodiversity, environmental risk assessment, and nanobiotechnology. She has written more than 30 journal articles and 6 book chapters.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Environmental Biotechnology at Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Cost Effective Technologies for Solid Waste and Wastewater Treatment

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Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi

Srujana Kathi

Suja Devipriya

Kaliannan Thamaraiselvi