Comparative Anatomy And Development

List of Contributors

Preface

Contents of Other Volumes


1 Some Invertebrate Myogenic Hearts: The Hearts of Worms and Molluscs

I. The Origin of Myogenic Hearts

II. Annelid Circulatory Systems—The Pathway to Hearts

III. The Myogenic Hearts of Molluscs

References


2 The Hearts of Urochordates and Cephalochordates

I. Introduction

II. Phyletic Relationships and Circulation Systems of Primitive Chordates

III. The Hemichordate and Pogonophoran Heart

IV. The Urochordate Heart

V. The Cephalochordate Heart

VI. The Cyclostome Heart

VII. The Evolution of the Chordate Circulation

References


3 Cardiovascular Function in the Lower Vertebrates

I. Introduction

II. The Typical Piscine Heart

III. The Rise of Air-Breathing Vertebrates

IV. The Dipnoan Heart

V. Amphibian Hearts

VI. The Reptilian Heart

VII. Epilogue

References


4 Fine Structure of the Fish Heart

I. Introduction

II. Fine Structure of the Heart and Heart-like Organs in Cyclostomes

III. Fine Structure of the Heart of Elasmobranchs

IV. Fine Structure of the Heart of Teleosts

V. Summary

References


5 On the Fine Structure of Lymph Hearts in Amphibia and Reptiles

I. Introduction

II. Anuran Lymph Hearts

III. Reptilian Lymph Hearts

IV. Summary

References


6 The Amphibian and Reptilian Hearts: Impulse Propagation and Ultrastructure

I. Introduction

II. Electrophysiological Study of Several Cardiac Regions

III. Ultrastructure

References


7 Neural Control of the Avian Heart

I. Introduction

II. Sympathetic Cardiac Innervation

III. Parasympathetic Cardiac Innervation

IV. Concluding Remarks

References


8 Functional and Nonfunctional Determinants of Mammalian Cardiac Anatomy, Parts 1 and II

Part I. The Heart of Edentates

I. Introduction

II. Gross Description of Heart

III. Quantitative Anatomy

IV. Interpretation

Part II. The Heart of Bats

I. Introduction

II. Gross Description of the Heart of Pieropus giganteus

III. The Heart of Other Bats

IV. Interpretation

References


9 Postnatal Development of the Heart

I. Introduction

II. Heart Weight

III. Heart Size and Shape

IV. Coronary Vascular Bed

V. Cardiac Cells

VI. Subcellular Compartments

VII. Chemical Composition

VIII. Cardiac Innervation and Electrical Activity

IX. Myocardial Blood Flow, Oxygen Consumption, and Metabolism

X. Cardiac Function

XI. Summary and Conclusions

References


10 Anatomy of the Mammalian Heart

I. Introduction

II. Cardiac Valves

III. Variation in Heart Size and Form

IV. Pericardium

V. The Heart Wall and Myocardium

VI. Chambers of the Heart

VII. Blood Supply of the Heart

VIII. Cardiac Innervation

References


11 The Anatomy of the Human Pericardium and Heart

I. Introduction

II. Projection of the Heart on the Anterior Chest Wall

III. The Pericardium

IV. Pericardiocentesis

V. External Landmarks of the Heart

VI. The Great Arteries

VII. The Great Veins

VIII. The Fibrous Skeleton of the Heart

IX. The Chambers of the Heart

X. The Conducting System of the Heart

XI. The Blood Supply of the Heart

Bibliography

Index