Community/Public Health Nursing

**American Journal of Nursing (AJN) Book of the Year Awards, 3rd Place in Community/Home Health Care, 2023**

Master the knowledge and skills you need to succeed in community health nursing! Community/Public Health Nursing, 8th Edition discusses the nurse’s role in population health promotion with a unique "upstream" preventive focus and a strong social justice approach, all in a concise, easy-to-read text. It shows how nurses can take an active role in social action and health policy — especially in caring for diverse and vulnerable population groups. This edition integrates the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model to help you prepare for the Next Generation NCLEX®. Clinical examples and photo novellas show how nursing concepts apply to the real world.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
About the Authors
Acknowledgments
Contributors and Reviewer
Preface
UNIT 1. Introduction to Community Health Nursing
1. Health: A Community View
Definitions of Health and Community
Determinants of Health and Disease
Indicators of Health and Illness
Definition and Focus of Public Health and Community Health
Preventive Approach to Health
Definition and Focus of Public Health Nursing, Community Health Nursing, and Community-Based Nursing
Population-Focused Practice and Community/Public Health Nursing Interventions
Public Health Nursing, Managed Care, and Health Reform
Evolve Website
2. Historical Factors: Public Health Nursing in Context
Evolution of Health in Western Populations
Advent of Modern Health Care
Consequences for the Health of Populations
Social Challenges and Public Health Nursing
Challenges for Public Health Nursing
Evolve Website
3. Thinking Upstream: Nursing Theories and Population-Focused Nursing Practice
Thinking Upstream: Examining the Root Causes of Poor Health
Historical Perspectives on Nursing Theory
How Theory Provides Direction to Nursing
Microscopic Versus Macroscopic Approaches to the Conceptualization of Community Health Problems
Assessing a Theory's Scope in Relation to Community Health Nursing
Review of Theoretical Approaches
Evolve Website
4. Health Promotion and Risk Reduction
Health Promotion and Community Health Nursing
Determinants of Health
Theories in Health Promotion
Risk and Health
The Relationship of Risk to Health and Health Promotion Activities
Evolve Website
UNIT 2. The Art and Science of Community Health Nursing
5. Epidemiology
Use of Epidemiology in Disease Control and Prevention
Calculation of Rates
Concept of Risk
Use of Epidemiology in Disease Prevention
Use of Epidemiology in Health Services
Epidemiological Methods
Evolve Website
6. Community Assessment
The Nature of Community
Healthy Communities
Assessing the Community: Sources of Data
Needs Assessment
Diagnosing Health Problems
Evolve Website
7. Community Health Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation
Overview of Health Planning
Health Planning Model
Health Planning Projects
Health Planning Models in Public Health
Health Planning Federal Legislation
Nursing Implications
Evolve Website
8. Community Health Education and Engagement
Connecting With Everyday Realities
Health Education in the Community
Learning Theories, Principles, and Health Education Models
The Nurse's Role in Health Education
Enhancing Communication
Framework for Developing Health Communications
Health Education Resources
Social Media and Digital Tools
Evolve Website
9. Case Management
Overview of Case Management
Origins of Case Management
Purpose of Case Management
Trends that Influence Case Management
Education and Preparation for Case Managers
Case Manager Services
Case Manager Roles and Characteristics
Case Identification
The Referral Process
Application of Case Management in Community Health
Research in Case Management
Evolve Website
UNIT 3. Factors That Influence the Health of the Community
10. Policy, Politics, Legislation, and Community Health Nursing
Overview: Nurses' Historical and Current Activity in Health Care Policy
Definitions
A Major Paradigm Shift
Structure of the Government of the United States
Overview of Health Policy
Public Policy: Blueprint for Governance
The Effective Use of Nurses: a Policy Issue
Nurses' Roles in Political Activities
Health Care Reform and Restructuring of the Health Care Industry
Nurses and Leadership in Health Policy Development
Evolve Website
11. The Healthcare System
Overview: The Healthcare System
Components of the Healthcare System
Critical Issues in Healthcare Delivery
Future of Public Health and the Healthcare System
Evolve Website
12. Economics of Health Care
Factors Influencing Healthcare Costs
Public Financing of Health Care
Philanthropic Financing of Health Care
Private Healthcare Insurance
Cost Containment
Trends in Health Financing
Healthcare Financing Reform
Roles of the Public Health Nurse in the Economics of Health Care
Best Care at Lower Cost
Evolve Website
13. Cultural Diversity and Community Health Nursing
Cultural Diversity
Transcultural Perspectives on Community Health Nursing
Population Trends
Cultural Perspectives and Healthy People 2030
Transcultural Nursing
Overview of Culture
Culture and Socioeconomic Factors
Culture and Nutrition
Culture and Religion
Culture and Aging
Cross-Cultural Communication
Health-Related Beliefs and Practices
Management of Health Problems: a Cultural Perspective
Management of Health Problems in Culturally Diverse Populations
Role of the Community Health Nurse in Improving Health for Culturally Diverse People
Resources for Minority Health
Evolve Website
14. Environmental Health
A Critical Theory Approach to Environmental Health
Areas of Environmental Health
Effects of Environmental Hazards
Efforts to Control Environmental Health Problems
Emerging Issues in Environmental Health
Approaching Environmental Health at the Population Level
Critical Environmental Health Nursing Practice
Evolve Website
15. Health in the Global Community
Population Characteristics
Environmental Factors
Patterns of Health and Disease
International Agencies and Organizations
International Healthcare Delivery Systems
Best Practices for Application of the Inmsi
Research in International Health
The Model
Applications
Student Responses
Summary
UNIT 4. Aggregates in the Community
16. Child and Adolescent Health
Issues of Pregnancy and Infancy
Childhood Health Issues
Adolescent Health Issues
Factors Affecting Child and Adolescent Health
Strategies to Improve Child and Adolescent Health
Public Health Programs Targeted to Children and Adolescents
Sharing Responsibility for Improving Child and Adolescent Health
Legal and Ethical Issues in Child and Adolescent Health
Evolve Website
17. Women's Health
Leading Health Indicators
Life Expectancy
Social Factors Affecting Women's Health
Working Women and Home Life
Health Promotion Strategies for Women
Major Legislation Affecting Women's Health
Health and Social Services to Promote the Health of Women
Levels of Prevention and Women's Health
Roles of the Community Health Nurse
Research in Women's Health
Evolve Website
18. Men's Health
Men's Health Status
Use of Medical Care
Theories That Explain Men's Health
Factors That Impede Men's Health
Men's Healthcare Needs
Community Health Nursing Services for Men
New Concepts of Community Care
Evolve Website
19. Senior Health
Concept of Aging
Theories of Aging
Demographic Characteristics
Psychosocial Issues
Wellness and Health Promotion
Common Health Concerns
Additional Health Concerns
Elder Safety and Security Needs
Psychosocial Disorders
Spirituality
End-of-Life Issues
Evolve Website
20. Family Health
Challenges Facing US Families
Understanding Family Nursing
The Changing Family
Approaches to Meeting the Health Needs of Families
Approaches to Family Health
Assessment Tools
Family Health Assessment
Extending Family Health Intervention to Larger Aggregates and Social Action
Applying the Nursing Process
Evolve Website
UNIT 5. Vulnerable Populations
21. Populations Affected by Disabilities
Selfassessment: Perception of Disability
Definitions and Models for Disability
A Historical Context for Disability
Prevalence of Disability
The Experience of Disability
Evolve Website
22. Veterans' Health
Overview of the American Uniformed Services
Active Duty, National Guard and Reserves
Veteran Health Risks
Veterans’ Health Assessment
Interventions for Veteran Health Problems
Evolve Website
23. Homeless Populations
Definitions, Prevalence, and Demographic Characteristics of Homelessness
Factors that Contribute to Homelessness
Health and Homeless Populations
Health Status of Homeless Population
Community Public Health Nursing: Care of Homeless Populations
Evolve Website
24. Rural and Migrant Health
Rural United States
Rural Health
Rural Health Disparities: Context and Composition
Specific Rural Aggregates
Rural Healthcare Delivery System
Rural Public Health Departments
Emergency Services
Upstream Interventions
Legislation and Programs Affecting Rural Public Health
Rural Community Health Nursing
Rural Health Research
Performance Standards in Rural Public Health
Rural Public Health Quality Patient Care and Outcomes
Leadership and Workforce Capacity for Rural Public Health
Community Health Systems, Managed Care, and Public Health
New Models of Healthcare Delivery for Rural Areas
25. Populations Affected by Mental Illness
Overview and History of Community Mental Health: 1960 to the Present Day
Healthy People 2030: Mental Health and Mental Disorders
Factors Influencing Mental Health
Mental Disorders Encountered in Community Settings
Identification and Management of Mental Disorders
Community-Based Mental Healthcare
Role of the Community Mental Health Nurse
Evolve Website
UNIT 6. Population Health Problems
26. Communicable Disease
Communicable Disease and Healthy People 2030
Principles of Infection and Infectious Disease Occurrence
Chain of Transmission
Breaking the Chain of Transmission
Public Health Control of Infectious Diseases
Responding and Controlling Epidemic and Pandemics
Vaccines and Infectious Disease Prevention
Vaccine Hesitancy
Vaccine Needs for Special Groups
Healthy People 2030 Focus on Immunization and Infectious Diseases
Healthy People 2030 Focus on Sexually Transmitted Infections
Healthy People 2030 Focus on HIV/Aids
Prevention of Communicable Diseases
Summary
Evolve Website
27. Substance Abuse
Etiology of Substance Abuse
Historical Overview of Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use
Prevalence, Incidence, and Trends
Adolescent Substance Abuse
Conceptualizations of Substance Abuse
Sociocultural and Political Aspects of Substance Abuse
Course of Substance-Related Problems
Legal and Ethical Concerns Related to Substance Abuse
Modes of Intervention
Social Network Involvement
Vulnerable Aggregates
Nursing Perspective on Substance Abuse
Evolve Website
28. Violence
Overview of Violence
History of Violence
Interpersonal Violence
Community Violence
Factors Influencing Violence
Violence From a Public Health Perspective
Prevention of Violence
Evolve Website
29. Natural and Manmade Disasters
Disaster Definitions
Types of Disasters
Characteristics of Disasters
Disaster Management
Disaster Management Stages
Recovery Stage
Evolve Website
UNIT 7. Community Health Settings
30. School Health
History of School Health
School Health Services
School Nursing Practice
School-Based Health Centers
Future Issues Affecting the School Nurse
Evolve Website
31. Occupational Health
Evolution of Occupational Health Nursing
Demographic Trends and Access Issues Related to Occupational Health Care
Occupational Health Nursing Practice and Professionalism
Occupational Health and Prevention Strategies
Skills and Competencies of the Occupational Health Nurse
Impact of Federal Legislation on Occupational Health
Legal Issues in Occupational Health
Multidisciplinary Teamwork
Evolve Website
32. Forensic and Correctional Nursing
Subspecialties of Forensic Nursing
Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner
Correctional Nursing
Health Issues in Prison Populations
Mental Health Issues in Correctional Settings
Education and Forensic Nursing
Evolve Website
33. Faith Community Nursing
Faith Community Nursing
Issues in Faith Community Nurse Practice
34. Home Health and Hospice
Purpose of Home Health Services
Types of Home Health Agencies
Certified and Noncertified Agencies
Special Home Health Programs
Reimbursement for Home Care
OASIS
Nursing Standards and Educational Preparation of Home Health Nurses
Conducting a Home Visit
Documentation of Home Care
Application of the Nursing Process
Hospice Home Care
Evolve Website
Index
Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Community/Public Health Nursing

Promoting the Health of Populations

Purchase options

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

Mary A. Nies

Melanie McEwen