Clinical Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery

SECTION 1 Craniofacial Trauma, 1

Chapter 1 Management of Frontal Bone Fracture, 2

1 Frontal Sinus Outer Table Fracture without Involvement of Frontonasal Duct, 2

2

Infected Frontal Sinus with Outer Table Fracture, 4

3

Frontal Sinus Inner Table Fracture without Displacement, 6

4

Frontal Sinus Comminuted Inner Table Fracture, 8

5

Frontal Sinus Outer Table Fracture with Drooping of Eyebrow, 9

Chapter 2 Correction of Naso-Orbito-Ethmoidal Complex, 24

1

Transnasal Wiring, 24

2

Modifi ed Miniplate Technique, 26

3

Z-Plasty with Modifi ed Miniplate Technique, 29

Chapter 3 Management of Zygomatico-Orbital Fractures, 40

1

One-Point Fixation, 40

2

Two-Point Fixation, 42

3

Three-Point Fixation, 44

4

Orbital Floor Reconstruction, 46

5

Malunited Zygoma Correction, 48

6

Enophthalmos, Hypoglobus and Telecanthus Correction, 50

7

Periorbital Defect Reconstructed with Rib Graft and Scar Revision, 53

Chapter 4 Mandibular Condyle Fractures, 65

1

Bilateral Mandibular Condyle Fracture in a Child, 65

2

Bilateral Medially Displaced Condylar Fracture Treated by ORIF, 67

3

Unilateral Medially Displaced Condylar Fracture Treated by ORIF, 70

Chapter 5 Management of Ballistic Injury, 83

1

Rifl e Injury – Orbital Blowout Fracture, 83

2

Shrapnel Injury – Palatal Fistula, 87

SECTION 2 Facial Reanimation, 97

Chapter 6 Management of Facial Paralysis, 98

1

Depressor Labii Inferioris Muscle Plication, 98

2

Extraoral Static Suspension, 100

3

Intraoral Static Suspension, 101

4

McLaughlin Technique, 103

5

Labbe’s Technique – Partial Muscle Mobilization, 106

6

Labbe’s Technique – Total Muscle Mobilization, 109

7

Temporalis Muscle Transfer with Fascia Lata – Rhytidectomy Incision, 110

8

Masseter Muscle and Palmaris Longus Tendon Transfer, 112

9

Gillie’s Technique, 117

10

Complete Temporalis Muscle Transfer with Fascia Lata, 119

Chapter 7 Correction of Blepharoptosis, 128

1

Resection of Levator Palpebrae Superioris Muscle by Anterior Cutaneous Approach, 128

2

Frontalis Suspension with Palmaris Longus Tendon, 130

3

Frontalis Suspension with Silicone Aurosling, 134

SECTION 3 Congenital Craniofacial Deformities, 145

Chapter 8 Correction of Craniofacial Microsomia, 146

1

Kaban-Modifi ed Pruzansky (KMP) Type IIa – CCG Reconstruction, 146

2

CCG Reconstruction for KMP Type I, 149

3

Simultaneous Maxillomandibular Distraction for KMP Type I, 152

4

Simultaneous Maxillomandibular Distraction with Acute Callus Moulding, 158

5

Simultaneous Maxillomandibular Distraction and Genioplasty, 160

6

Distraction of Nongrowing Costochondral Graft and Orthognathic Surgery, 164

7

Mandibular Distraction with Callus Moulding and Orthognathic Surgery, 167

8

Simultaneous Maxillomandibular Distraction and Dermal Fat Grafting, 171

9

Bilateral Mandibular Distraction for Bilateral Craniofacial Microsomia, 175

Chapter 9 Management of Craniofacial Syndromes, 184

1

Hypertelorism – Box Osteotomy with Modifi ed Lefort I osteotomy, 184

2

Hypertelorism Correction with Box Osteotomy, 188

3

Crouzon Syndrome (Acrocephalosyndactyly Type II) – LeFort III Advancement, 193

4

Crouzon Syndrome (Acrocephalosyndactyly Type – II) – LeFort III Advancement with Distraction

Osteogenesis, 196

5

Crouzon Syndrome Correction with Lefort III Advancement, 199

6

Crouzon Syndrome, 201

7

Treacher Collins Syndrome – Obstructive Sleep Apnoea, 205

8

Pfeiffer Syndrome – LeFort III Advancement Using Kawamoto Distractor, 210

9

Pierre Robin Syndrome with TMJ Ankylosis, 214

10

Proteus Syndrome, 218

11

Soft Tissue Augmentation in Parry–Romberg Syndrome Using a Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Flap, 225

12

Soft Tissue Augmentation Using Free Dermal Fat Graft from the Gluteal Region, 226

Chapter 10 Management of Craniofacial Clefts, 234

1

Tessier No. 0 with Defi ciency of Tissue in the Midline, 234

2

Incomplete Tessier No. 0 with Excess Soft Tissue in the Midline, 235

3

Tessier No. 14 with Absence of Corpus Callosum, 237

4

Tessier No. 1 with Isolated Alar Defect, 240

5

Correction of Hypertelorism in Tessier No. 1 and No. 13, 242

6

Tessier No. 2 and No. 12 with Orbital Dystopia, 246

7

Medial Orbitomaxillary Cleft, 250

8

Oro-naso-ocular Cleft, 251

9

Bilateral Medial Orbitomaxillary Cleft, 254

10

Oro-naso-occular Cleft Showing Tessier No. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 259

11

Tessier No. 6 (Microform Treacher Collins syndrome), 262

12

Tessier No. 6 (Microform Treacher Collins syndrome), 264

13

Macrostomia with Preauricular Skin Tag, 266

14

Hypertelorism Tessier No. 11, 271

SECTION 4 Craniofacial Reconstruction, 279

Chapter 11 Reconstruction of Forehead, 280

Chapter 12 Reconstruction of Eye Using Prosthesis, 285

1

Left Eye Staphyloma Correction with Evisceration and Eye Prosthesis, 285

2

Secondary Deformity Correction of Eye, Nose and Maxilla, 287

3

Secondary deformity correction of Eye, Nose and Maxilla, 290

Chapter 13 Reconstruction of Ear, 297

1

Unilateral (Small Concha–Type) Microtia Correction Using Costal Cartilage, 297

2

Unilateral (Atypical-Type) Microtia Correction Using Costal Cartilage, 301

3

Folded Ear Correction, 307

4

Cup Ear Deformity, 309

5

Bat Ear Deformity, 315

6

Ear Lobe Deformity, 319

7

Ear lobe Reconstruction, 321

Chapter 14 Reconstruction of Nose, 325

1

Unilateral Alar Defect Reconstructed Using Forehead Flap, 325

2

Reconstruction of Nose Using Forehead Flap, 328

3

Reconstruction of Nose Using Forehead Flap, 330

4

Alar Base Reconstruction Using Nasolabial Flap, 332

5

Columellar and Nasal Tip Reconstruction Using Forehead Flap, 334

Chapter 15 Reconstruction of Mandible, 339

1

En bloc/Marginal Resection of Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (KCOT) with Reconstruction Using Rib Graft, 339

2

En bloc/Marginal Resection of KCOT – Reconstruction Using Rib Graft in Mandible and Enucleation

with Peripheral Ostectomy in Maxilla, 341

3

Segmental resection of KCOT and Reconstruction Using Rib Graft, 344

4

Enucleation of Dentigerous Cyst and Reconstruction Using rhBMP-2, 347

5

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst – Segmental Resection and Reconstruction Using Rib Graft 1 rhBMP-2, 349

6

Unicystic Ameloblastoma – En bloc Resection with Peripheral Ostectomy, 351

7

Ameloblastoma – Marginal Mandibulectomy and Reconstruction of the Defect Using Nonvascularized

Rib Graft (NVRG), 353

8

Ameloblastoma – Segmental Resection and Primary Reconstruction with Nonvascularized Rib Graft (NVRG)

and Reconstruction plate, 357

9

Segmental resection of Ameloblastoma and Reconstruction Using Transport Distraction Osteogenesis (TDO), 359

10

Ameloblastoma – Segmental Resection and Reconstruction Using Transport Distraction Osteogenesis, 362

11

Juvenile Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma-Resection of Mandible Along with Reconstruction Using Rib

Grafts _ rhBMP-2 and Total Excision of Lesion from Maxilla, 366

12

Ectodermal Dysplasia Reconstructed with Rib Graft _ rhBMP-2 _ Implants, 370

13

Ectodermal Dysplasia – Ridge Reconstruction using Rib graft _ rhBMP-2 Rib Graft _ Implants, 372

14

Mandibular Fracture with Infected Plates – Reconstructed Using Rib Graft _ rhBMP-2, 374

Chapter 16 Management of TMJ Ankylosis, 381

1

Paediatric Onset Unilateral TMJ Ankylosis – CCG Favourable Growth, 381

2

Paediatric Onset Bilateral TMJ Ankylosis – CCG Favourable Growth, 384

3

Paediatric Onset Unilateral TMJ Ankylosis – CCG Overgrowth, 387

4

Paediatric Onset Unilateral TMJ Ankylosis – CCG Undergrowth, 392

5

Paediatric Onset Bilateral TMJ Ankylosis – CCG Reankylosis/Overgrowth, 394

6

Postgap Arthroplasty Contralateral Ankylosis – Bilateral CCG Favourable Growth, 399

7

Distraction Osteogenesis for Correction of Facial Asymmetry in TMJ Ankylosis, 404

8

Paediatric Ankylosis Bilateral Distraction of Nongrowing CCG, 406

9

Adult Onset Unilateral Ankylosis – Interposition Arthroplasty and Genioplasty, 410

10

TMJ Ankylosis with Tracheomalacia, 414

SECTION 5 Local Flaps in Facial Reconstruction, 425

Chapter 17 Local Flaps in Facial Reconstruction, 426

1

Lateral Tongue Flap, 426

2

Inferiorly Based Nasolabial Flap for OSMF Involving Oral Commissure, 427

3

Extended Nasolabial Flap (Gullwing Flap), 429

4

Inferiorly Based Nasolabial Flap, 431

SECTION 6 Facial Space Infections, 437

Chapter 18 Management of Space Infections, 438

1

Buccal Space Infection, 438

2

Submandibular Space Infection, 439

3

Masseteric Space Infection, 440

4

Infraorbital Space Infection (Canine Space Infection), 442

5

Ludwig’s Angina, 443

SECTION 7 Miscellaneous, 457

I

Masseter Hypertrophy, 458

II

Macroglossia, 464

III

Tissue Expansion, 474

IV

Pharyngoplasty, 483

V

Haemangioma, 492

VI

Mole Excision, 498

VII

Lip Debulking with Gingivectomy, 501

VIII

Management of Haemophilia in Cleft Patient, 503

IX

Medial Canthoplexy, 506

X

Craniosynostosis, 508

Index, 519