Chemistry at Interfaces

1st Edition - February 28, 1990
Author: Finlay MacRitchie
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 6 4 7 8 5 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 9 2 4 4 2 - 7

Chemistry at Interfaces provides an introduction to the fundamental concepts in interfacial chemistry. It aims to provide students and research workers who have not had training in… Read more

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Chemistry at Interfaces provides an introduction to the fundamental concepts in interfacial chemistry. It aims to provide students and research workers who have not had training in a school of surface chemistry with the means to set up and use interfacial techniques and to interpret measurements. For this reason, more emphasis is given to experimental details and to the associated pitfalls than most other books in the field. The book begins by considering some of the basic laws governing behavior in chemical systems and how these apply to some examples of interfacial processes. This is followed by a discussion of two specific properties oSf interfaces: the tendency to concentrate reactants and the ability to orientate molecules, thus increasing their reactivity. Separate chapters cover standards of cleanliness in interfacial work and methods to achieve them; techniques for the study of interfacial films; the kinetics of physical processes that can occur at an interface; and chemical and biological processes and reactions. The final chapter provides an overview of the wide-ranging applications of interfacial chemistry to practical problems.

Preface

1. Introduction

2. Theoretical Concepts I

I. What Makes a Reaction Go?

II. Quantitative Measurements of Free Energy

III. Application of Thermodynamic Principles to Interfacial Phenomena

IV. The Hydrophobic Effect

Demonstrations

Problems

References

3. Theoretical Concepts II

I. The Distribution of Molecules

II. Quantum Energy Levels and Partition Functions

III. Principle of Independent Surface Action

IV. Important Intensive Properties for Interfaces

V. Distribution of Molecules between Bulk and Interface

VI. Effects of an Interface on the Orientation of Molecules

VII. Reaction Rates at Interfaces

Demonstrations

Problems

References

4. The Film Balance and the Measurement of Interfacial Pressure

I. The Problem of Purity in Interfacial Work

II. The Film Balance

III. Modifications to Basic Film Balance

IV. Spreading of Monolayers

Demonstrations

Problem

References

5. Additional Techniques I

I. Interfacial Potential

II. Interfacial Rheology

III. Transfer of Films to Solid Supports

IV. Radioactive Tracers

Demonstrations

Problems

References

6. Additional Techniques II

I. Optical Techniques

II. Solid/Fluid Interfaces

III. Forces between Surfaces

Demonstrations

Problem

References

7. Monolayers

I. Monolayer States

II. The Clausius-Clapeyron Equation

III. Equilibrium Spreading Pressure

IV. Effects of Systematic Change of Molecular Structure on Monolayer Properties

V. Monolayers at the Oil/Water Interface

VI. Monolayers of More Complex Molecules

Demonstration

Problems

References

8. Physical Processes at Interfaces

I. Adsorption

II. Desorption

III. Spreading or Two-Dimensional Dissolution

IV. Precipitation of Monolayers

V. Molecular Configurational Changes

VI. Surface Flow

VII. Transport across Interfaces

VIII. Unidimensional Interfaces

IX. General Summary

Demonstrations

Problems

References

9. Chemical Reactions

I. Kinetics of Reactions Studied by the Film Balance

II. Specific Reactions Studied in Monolayers

III. Polymerization Reactions

IV. General Features of Interfacial Reactions

V. Design of Functionalized Monolayer Systems

VI. Unidimensional and Zero-Dimensional Reactions

Demonstrations

Problem

References

10. Biological Processes and Reactions

I. Membrane-Mimetic Chemistry

II. Enzyme Reactions at Interfaces

III. Direct Studies on Model Membrane Systems

IV. The Pulmonary Surfactant

V. Thrombogenicity

Demonstrations

Problem

References

11. Applications and Future Directions

I. Biology and Medicine

II. Industrial Applications

III. New Technologies

References

Appendix

Answers to Problems

Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Chemistry at Interfaces

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