Calcium and Cell Function

List of Contributors Preface Chapter 1 Calmodulin—An Introduction I. Discovery of Calmodulin II. Calmodulin as a Multifunctional Regulatory Protein III. Calmodulin as a Proper Name IV. Epilogue References Chapter 2 Assay, Preparation, and Properties of Calmodulin I. Introduction II. Materials III. Assay of Calmodulin IV. Preparation of Calmodulin V. Properties of Calmodulin VI. Concluding Remarks References Chapter 3 Structure, Function, and Evolution of Calmodulin I. Introduction II. General Physicochemical Properties of Calmodulins III. Structural Studies of Calmodulin IV. Similarities between Calmodulin and Troponin C V. Concluding Remarks References Chapter 4 Calmodulin: Structure-Function Relationships I. Introduction II. Calmodulin Structure III. Physicochemical Properties IV. Interaction of Calmodulin with Its Target Proteins V. Conclusions References Chapter 5 Ca2+-Dependent Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase I. Introduction II. Assay III. Preparation and Purification IV. Multiple Molecular Forms of Phosphodiesterase V. Distribution VI. General Properties VII. Kinetic Parameters VIII. Effectors IX. Ca2+-Dependent Activation by Calmodulin X. Concluding Remarks References Chapter 6 Calmodulin-Dependent Adenylate Cyclase I. Adenylate Cyclase and Divalent Cations II. Calmodulin-Dependent Adenvlate Cyclase III. Concluding Remarks References Chapter 7 Calmodulin and Plasma Membrane Calcium Transport I. Membrane Ca2+ Transport II. (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase III. Calmodulin and Ca2+ Transport IV. Regulation of the Erythrocyte Plasma Membrane Ca2+ Pump V. Conclusions References Chapter 8 Smooth Muscle Myosin Light Chain Kinase I. Introduction II. Smooth Muscle Myosin Light Chain Kinase (Myosin Kinase) III. Summary: Regulation of Smooth Muscle Contraction References Chapter 9 The Role of Calmodulin and Troponin in the Regulation of Phosphorylase Kinase from Mammalian Skeletal Muscle I. Introduction II. Regulation of Phosphorylase Kinase by Calcium Ions and Identification of Calmodulin as a Subunit III. Identification of the δ Subunit of Phosphorylase Kinase as Calmodulin IV. Molar Proportion of the δ Subunit and Its Interaction with Phosphorylase Kinase V. Evidence That the δ Subunit Is the Component Which Confers Calcium Sensitivity to the Phosphorylase Kinase Reaction VI. Phosphorylase Kinase Contains a Second Calmodulin-Binding Site Which Activates the Enzyme VII. Troponin C and the Troponin Complex—Substitutes for the Second Molecule of Calmodulin in the Activation of Phosphorylase Kinase VIII. Influence of the Second Molecule of Calmodulin and Troponin on the Activity of Phosphorylase Kinase IX. Proportion of the Calmodulin in Skeletal Muscle That Is Bound to Phosphorylase Kinase X. Does Troponin C or the Second Molecule of Calmodulin Activate Phosphorylase Kinase in Vivo XI. Phosphorylation of Glycogen Synthase by Phosphorylase Kinase XII. Summary References Chapter 10 Plant and Fungal Calmodulin and the Regulation of Plant NAD Kinase I. Introduction II. Isolation of Calmodulin by Fluphenazine-Sepharose Chromatography III. Properties of Plant and Fungal Calmodulin IV. Activation of Plant NAD Kinase by Calmodulin V. Significance of Plant and Fungal Calmodulin References Chapter 11 Calcium-Dependent Protein Phosphorylation in Mammalian Brain and Other Tissues I. Introduction II. Calcium-Regulated Protein Phosphorylation III. Calcium- and Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase IV. Comparison of cAMP-Regulated and Calcium-Regulated Phosphorylation of Protein I V. Widespread Occurrence of Calcium- and Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Phosphorylation VI. Concluding Comments References Chapter 12 Role of Calmodulin in Dopaminergic Transmission I. Dopamine Receptors as Supramolecular Entities II. Calmodulin Modulation of Adenylate Cyclase III. Release of Calmodulin by Membrane Phosphorylation IV. Calmodulin as a Possible Modulator of Dopamine Receptors V. Receptor-Mediated Modulation of Phosphodiesterase: Role of Calmodulin Translocation VI. Calmodulin Participation in Dopamine Receptor Pharmacology VII. Conclusions References Chapter 13 Immunocytochemical Localization of Calmodulin in Rat Tissues I. Introduction II. Methods III. Localization of Calmodulin IV. Questions Raised by Immunocytochemical Localization V. Concluding Remarks References Chapter 14 Immimocytochemical Studies of the Localization of Calmodulin and CaM-BP80 in Brain I. Introduction II. Immunocytochemical Methods III. Tissue Localization IV. Functional Considerations References Chapter 15 Calmodulin-Binding Proteins I. Introduction II. Heat-Labile Calmodulin-Binding Protein (CaM-BP8o) III. Heat-Stable Calmodulin-Binding Protein (CaM-BP70) IV. Other Calmodulin-Binding Proteins References Chapter 16 Mechanisms and Pharmacological Implications of Altering Calmodulin Activity I. Introduction II. Distribution of Calmodulin III. Biochemical Actions of Calmodulin IV. Alteration of Calmodulin Activity V. Mechanism of the Drug-Induced Inhibition of Calmodulin Activity VI. Pharmacological Implications of Inhibiting the Activity of Calmodulin VII. Summary References Index