Bioreactor Design Fundamentals

Preface1 Introduction2 Thermodynamics and Stoichiometry for Bioreactor Design Thermodynamics Standard States pH and Buffers Stoichiometry Energy Balances Phase Equilibrium Relationships Reaction Equilibrium3 Enzyme Kinetics Mathematical Models for Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions Effect of Temperature on Enzymatic Reactions Effect of pH on Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions Enzyme Inhibition Types of Inhibitors Reversibility of Inhibition Time-Dependent Deactivation Equilibrium Inhibition Models for Michaelis-Menten Kinetics Kinetics of Polymer Hydrolysis4 Mass-Transfer Fundamentals Mass-Transfer Limitations Intraphase Mass Transfer Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer Mass Transfer Through Membranes Mass Transfer Through Porous Structures Interphase Mass Transfer at Liquid-Liquid Interfaces Mass Transfer at Solid-Liquid Interfaces General Mass-Transfer Considerations5 Kinetics of Cellular Multiplication Nature of Cell Growth and Multiplication Monod Kinetics Stoichiometry for Substrate and Product Relationships Alternative Mathematical Models Temperature Effects on Cell Processes Effects of Other Environmental Factors Cell Growth Inhibition Mass-Transport and Physical Restraint Limitations Mixed Cultures Autotrophic Growth Rate Limit Determinations6 Enzyme Reactors Overview Nonimmobilized Enzyme Systems Immobilized Enzyme Systems Stirred-Tank Bioreactors Plug-Flow Bioreactors Comparison of Plug-Flow and CSTR Reactors Reactor Combinations7 Cell Culture Bioreactors Types of Biological Growth Reactors CSTR Biological Growth Systems The Batch Stirred-Tank Culture System Fed-Batch Cultures Single Continuous-Flow CSTR without Recycle Graphic Analysis of Single and Multiple CSTRs Plug-Flow Reactors for Cell Growth Recycle Operations Continuous Culture of Photosynthetic Organisms Sterilization of Culture Media Scale-Up of Cell-Culture BioreactorsList of SymbolsReferencesIndex