Bioenergy Engineering

Fundamentals, Methods, Modelling, and Applications

1st Edition - June 20, 2023
Editors: Krushna Prasad Shadangi, Prakash Kumar Sarangi, Kaustubha Mohanty, Irem Deniz, Anjani Ravi Kiran Gollakota
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 8 3 6 3 - 1
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 8 5 5 1 - 2

Bioenergy Engineering: Fundamentals, Methods, Modelling, and Applications presents the fundamental principles, recent developments, innovative state-of the-art technolog… Read more

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Bioenergy Engineering: Fundamentals, Methods, Modelling, and Applications presents the fundamental principles, recent developments, innovative state-of the-art technologies, challenges, solutions and future perspectives on the production of biofuels and bioenergy. Balancing the scientific and engineering aspects of biofuels production, the book guides readers through the chemical kinetics, modeling, thermodynamics, unit operations and technological advancements in fuel processing from conventional and alternative resources. Each chapter of the book starts with the fundamentals and goes on to assess the latest technologies for the production of renewable fuels on topics.

Sections cover biomass utilization, biomass-to-liquid conversion technologies (pyrolysis, liquefaction, solid-state fermentation and submerged fermentation), biomass-to-gas conversion technologies (thermochemical gasification, subcritical and supercritical water gasification, and methanation), gas-to-liquid conversion technologies (Fischer-Tropsch synthesis), carbonization, transesterification, organic transformation, carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom coupling reactions, oxidation, reforming, hydrotreating technologies (hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydro dearomatization and hydro demetalization), nanocatalysis and biocatalysis (enzymatic hydrolysis), and much more.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Chapter 1. Introduction to bioenergy; current status, merits & demerits
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Generations of biomass with their advantages and disadvantages
1.3. Conversion methods in the bioenergy productions
1.4. Bioenergy products with environmentally friendly and sustainable features
1.5. Current state of bioenergy in the world
1.6. Conclusions
Chapter 2. Feedstock for biofuel production: starch, oilseeds, lignocellulosic and algae-based, fuel logistics of biomass
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Conventional sources for biodiesel production
2.3. Structural features of lignocellulose for biodiesel generation
2.4. Lipid biosynthesis
2.5. Extraction of lipid and transesterification
2.6. Enhanced lipid synthesis and biorefinery products using metabolic engineering
2.7. Production of biodiesel from different sources
2.8. Starch
2.9. Future expectations of integration of biofuel generation from LCBs
2.10. Conclusions
2.11. Declaration of competing interest
Chapter 3. Characterization techniques of biomass: physico-chemical, elemental, and biological
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Characterization techniques for biomass
3.3. Conclusion
Chapter 4. Comparisons between fossil fuels and bio-fuels
4.1. Fossil fuel
4.2. Lignocellulose biomass as source for transportation fuels production
4.3. Why biofuels?
4.4. Economic concerns of biomass conversion
4.5. Fossil carbon versus atmospheric carbon
4.6. Gaps in understanding of global biofuel use and their environmental impact
4.7. Suitability of biofuel as a potential renewable energy source
4.8. Conclusion
Chapter 5. Agricultural waste to fuels and chemicals
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Types of agricultural wastes
5.3. Pretreatment for biomass hydrolysis
5.4. Agricultural waste to fuels
5.5. Agricultural waste to chemicals
5.6. Conclusion
Chapter 6. Cogasification of biomass and coal for the production of biofuels
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Conclusion
Chapter 7. Role of catalysts in biofuel production through fast pyrolysis
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Catalysts
7.3. Conclusion
Chapter 8. Advances in gasification techniques
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Biomass conversion technology
8.3. Types of gasifiers
8.4. Gasification process
8.5. Kinetics of gasification
8.6. Process parameters of gasification
8.7. TAR—the challenge of gasification technology
8.8. Advanced gasification techniques
8.9. Emerging concepts of gasification
8.10. Commercial barriers in biomass gasification technology
8.11. Conclusion
Chapter 9. Thermal energy storage materials from triglycerides
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Bio-based PCM
9.3. Potential future studies
9.4. Conclusions
Chapter 10. Biological conversion technologies: Enzyme hydrolysis, ethanol fermentation
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Feedstock
10.3. Substrate preparation with pretreatment
10.4. Fermentation microorganisms
10.5. Fermentation technologies
10.6. Lifecycle analyses (LCA)
10.7. Challenges, future perspective and conclusion
Chapter 11. Anaerobic digestion methods for the production of fuels
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Biofuels and their production, features, importance
11.3. Application areas of biogas
11.4. Anaerobic digestion
11.5. Anaerobic digestion methods
11.6. Bioprocess applications in bioreactor scale
11.7. Process development strategies
11.8. Conclusion
Chapter 12. Microbial fuel cells
12.1. Introduction
12.2. History of microbial fuel cell
12.3. Types of microbial fuel cell
12.4. Working principle of microbial fuel cell
12.5. Components and design of microbial fuel cells
12.6. Characterization of MFCs
12.7. Applications
12.8. Challenges and future aspects of microbial fuel cell
Chapter 13. Sustainable energy from food waste via using a sustainable microbial system
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Food wastes
13.3. Food waste utilization techniques
13.4. Bio-oil from food/other waste
13.5. Methanol synthesis
13.6. Biodiesel synthesis
13.7. Conclusions
Chapter 14. Algal biofuel and its prospects
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Microalgae a new resource of biofuel
14.3. Production of microalgae
14.4. Microalgal lipid biotechnology
14.5. System for cultivation of algae
14.6. Lipid content in algae
14.7. Process of generation of biodiesel from algae
14.8. Opportunities and outlook
Chapter 15. High-value–added products from microalgae production integrated with bioethanol process
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Bioethanol processes
15.3. Third-generation bioethanol feedstock
15.4. Microalgae as a possible biofuel source
15.5. Biomass-to-biofuel technologies
15.6. Different commercial products from microalgae
15.7. Conclusion
Chapter 16. Bright-skies to biomass fuels in aviation sector
16.1. Introduction
16.2. State of the art of biofuel in aviation industry
16.3. Environmental impact
16.4. Regulatory targets and goals
16.5. Fuel demand projections
16.6. Collective global efforts and investments
16.7. Renewable sources and their production pathways in aviation sector
16.8. Bio-jet fuels development
16.9. Conclusion
Chapter 17. Biohydrogen production by biological water-gas shift reaction and bioelectrochemical systems
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Biohydrogen production from syngas
17.3. Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC)
17.4. Conclusion and future perspective
Chapter 18. Methods of catalyst synthesis and recycling processes for biofuel upgradation
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Catalyst types and preparation methods
18.3. Economical recycling processes for spent catalysts
18.4. Future prospects and recommendations
18.5. Summary and conclusions
Chapter 19. Biocatalysts for biofuels production
19.1. Introduction
19.2. Production of biofuels: mechanisms and general perspectives
19.3. Biofuel production
19.4. Biocatalysts for biofuels
19.5. Conclusion
Chapter 20. Microwave assisted catalysis for biofuel production
20.1. Introduction
20.2. Generations of biofuel
20.3. Sources of bioenergy
20.4. Monocot plants as a source of bioenergy
20.5. Edible vegetable oils as a source of bioenergy
20.6. Nonedible vegetable oils as a source of bioenergy
20.7. Animal fat as a source of bioenergy
20.8. Role of microwave energy in biofuel production
20.9. Microwave mediated biofuel generation
20.10. Merits of microwave over other methods
20.11. Recent advances in biofuel production
20.12. Limitations of microwave synthesis
20.13. Conclusion and future prospects
20.14. Conflicts of interests
Chapter 21. Alcoholic fuels from food waste in restaurants
21.1. Introduction
21.2. Bio-ethanol
21.3. Bio-methanol
21.4. Bio-butanol
21.5. Bi-propanol
21.6. Bio-diesel
21.7. Bio-hydrogen
21.8. Issues in biofuels
21.9. Global scenario
21.10. Measures for effective utilization of biofuels
21.11. Conclusions
Chapter 22. Bioenergy engineering: fundamentals, methods, modeling, and applications: Mathematical modeling of biomass gasification processes
22.1. Introduction
22.2. Modeling of gasification processes
22.3. Case study: thermodynamic equilibrium modeling of an autothermal downdraft gasifier
22.4. Conclusions
Chapter 23. Hydro-deoxygenation of biofuel
23.1. Introduction
23.2. Physico-chemical features of bio-oil
23.3. Lignin-derived pyrolysis oil and its model compounds
23.4. Hydrodeoxygenation
23.5. HDO chemistry of model compounds
23.6. Role of catalyst in HDO
23.7. Recommendations for the better prospects of HDO
23.8. Conclusion
Chapter 24. Economic, social and ecological impacts of bioenergy at local, national and global levels
24.1. Introduction
24.2. Impacts of bioenergy
24.3. Economic impacts of bioenergy
24.4. Suggestions
Chapter 25. Life cycle assessment of biofuels
25.1. Introduction
25.2. Importance of LCA for biofuels toward sustainable development
25.3. Life cycle assessment (LCA)
25.4. LCA for biofuels
25.5. Current challenges and future trends for LCA of biofuels
25.6. Conclusion
Index

Krushna Prasad Shadangi

Dr. Krushna Prasad Shadangi is an Assistant Professor, in the Department of Chemical Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Odisha, India. He did his Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering at IIT Guwahati, India. His expertise is in the area of biofuels, especially thermo-catalytic and co-conversion of biomass, successive utilization of waste plastic for bio-fuel upgrading, chemical kinetics, and conversion of liquid wastes to fuels, and removal of heavy metals from waste water. He has contributed 14 book chapters in edited books and published twenty-two international peer reviewed SCI journals. He has edited a special Issue in the Journal of Biomass conversion and Biorefinery. Some of his research contributions are also presented in various national and international conferences, inside and outside of India. He is a reviewer for many SCI journals.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Odisha, India

Prakash Kumar Sarangi

Dr. Prakash Kumar Sarangi is a Scientist with specialization in Microbiology at the Central Agricultural University in Imphal, India. Dr. Sarangi’s research is focused on bioprocess engineering, renewable energy, biochemicals, biomaterials and sustainable development. His expertise is in bioconversion of biomass into biofuels, biochemicals and nutraceuticals, as well as environmental waste remediation. He has taken leading roles as the principal investigator in different R&D projects on biomass conversion, biofuel from renewable resources and microbial biodegradation into value-added products. He serves as the Editorial Board member for many international journals, and as a guest editor in Journal of Biomass conversion and Biorefinery, Chemical Engineering and Technology and Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining. He has published more than 60 research articles in peer-reviewed journals and authored in more than 25 book chapters. He is the Editor of three book entitled “Recent Advancements in Biofuels and Bioenergy Utilization”, “Fuel Processing and Energy Utilization” and “Advanced Biotechnology for Sustainable Energy and Products”.

Affiliations and expertise

Scientist with specialization in Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, India

Kaustubha Mohanty

Kaustubha Mohanty has a Ph.D in Chemical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur and is currently working as a Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati. His key research areas are biofuels, bioseparation, biological wastewater treatment, membrane technology, microalgae biorefinery and biomass pyrolysis. He has published more than 130 research papers in peer-reviewed journals and edited one book on Membrane Technology & Applications. He has supervised twelve Ph.D students and fifteen more are currently pursuing their Ph.D research under his supervision. He is an Editor of the Journal of Chemistry; Associate Editor of The Journal of Institution of Engineers (India) Series: E; Associate Editor of the Research Journal of Environmental Sciences; Review Editor of Frontiers in Bioenergy and Biofuel, and Editorial board member of various other journals. He was recently admitted as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, UK and Fellow of Institution of Engineers (India). He is also a Member of the Society of Chemical Industry, London; Member of Canadian Society for Chemical Engineers and Life Member of Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

Irem Deniz

Dr. Irem Deniz currently works at the Department of Bioengineering, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Turkey. Her research areas of interest include bioprocess, enzyme technology, scale-up, biochemical engineering, bioengineering, bioconversion of agricultural raw and waste into value added products, bioenergy/biofuels, microalgae, novel bioreactors and downstream processing. She is one of the Editorial Board Members of Biochemical Engineering Journal and a member of the International Bioprocess Association (IFIBiop, IBA).

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Bioengineering, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Turkey

Anjani Ravi Kiran Gollakota

Dr. Gollakota is Assistant Professor in the Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Taiwan. He received his PhD (Chemical Engineering) from the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India. He worked for two years as a post-doc at the University of Surrey, United Kingdom and National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Taiwan. He received a post-doc Fellowship from the Ministry ofScience and Technology Taiwan. His current research projects and works are focused towards multidisciplinary areas of transmuted coal fly ash applications in geopolymers, biofuel upgrading catalysis, leaching radioactive isotopes. He is also working on green material synthesis on the basis of waste to energy generation. He has published 20+ articles in top-ranked journals having more than 600 citations and has developed a network of collaborators across four continents.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Taiwan