Biochemical and Molecular Pharmacology in Drug Discovery

1st Edition - June 26, 2024
Editors: Mithun Rudrapal, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, William Chi Shing Cho
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 6 0 1 3 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 6 0 1 4 - 1

Biochemical and Molecular Pharmacology in Drug Discovery comprises fundamental biochemical and molecular aspects of drug discovery and basic understanding of modern drug discovery… Read more

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Biochemical and Molecular Pharmacology in Drug Discovery comprises fundamental biochemical and molecular aspects of drug discovery and basic understanding of modern drug discovery approaches, along with certain key topics related to molecular pharmacology of drugs and therapeutics. The book explains the phenomena of drug-target interactions, considering different biochemical systems and cellular strategies. With the advent of technologies, current advances, and research trends move toward molecular and/or target-based drug design and discovery. Through this book, readers will gain skills and knowledge with a thorough understanding of the subject of biochemical and molecular pharmacology in a comprehensive and systematic manner.

Molecular pharmacology has gained significant momentum among researchers, scientists, and academicians because of its increasing interest in drug discovery research across the globe. Molecular pharmacology involves a fundamental understanding of drug actions at the molecular level with the help of several tools and techniques of biochemical and molecular biology.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Section I. Biochemical and molecular aspects
Chapter 1. Structures and functions of biomolecules
1. Introduction
2. Structure Activity Relationship (SAR)
3. Ligands
4. Receptors
5. Conclusion
Chapter 2. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
1. Introduction
2. Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
3. Pharmacodynamics
4. Conclusion
Chapter 3. Overview of drugs and drug targets
1. Introduction
2. Drug targets
3. Types of drug targets
4. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
5. Mechanism of drug actions
6. Drug interactions
7. Drug delivery system
8. Personalized medicine
9. Conclusion
Chapter 4. Nucleic acids as drug targets
1. Introduction
2. Types of nucleic acids as drug targets
3. Strategies for targeting nucleic acids
4. Nucleic acid targets in disease treatment
5. Challenges in nucleic acid-targeted drug development
6. Successful nucleic acid-targeted therapies
7. Future directions in nucleic acid targeting
8. Conclusion
Chapter 5. Molecular cloning of drug targets
1. Introduction
2. Molecular cloning and drugs
3. Recombinant DNA technology
4. Comparison of the pharmacological profile of “cloned” and “natural” drug target
5. Molecular cloning of drug targets
6. Studies about molecular cloning of drug targets
7. Conclusion
Chapter 6. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics: Role of pharmacogenomics in drug discovery and development
1. Introduction
2. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics-basic concept
3. Historical perspective
4. Principles of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics
5. Pharmacogenomics in the drug discovery and development
6. Future implications of pharmacogenomics in drug discovery
7. Conclusion
Chapter 7. Drug receptor interactions
1. Introduction
2. Physiological, genetic and environmental considerations in pharmacodynamics
3. Drug receptors
4. Types of ligands
5. Drug-receptor bonds
6. Drug receptor affinity and selectivity and resident time
7. Specific and nonspecific drug binding
8. Pharmacological effects of drug-receptor interactions
9. Conclusion
Chapter 8. Enzymology in drug discovery
1. Introduction
2. Factors to be considered for prescreening of enzymes
3. Postscreening of enzyme citing IC50
4. Discussion and conclusion
Chapter 9. Targeting epitranscriptomics for novel drug development
1. Introduction
2. RNA modifications: Molecular landscape and functions
3. Epitranscriptomics in disease pathways
4. Strategies for targeting epitranscriptomic marks
5. Advancements in epitranscriptomic drug discovery
6. Case studies: Epitranscriptomic drug candidates
7. Challenges and future directions
8. Prospects
9. Conclusion
Chapter 10. Applications of molecular pharmacology in drug discovery
1. Introduction
2. Target identification and validation
3. High-throughput screening (HTS) and hit identification
4. Structure-based drug design
5. Pharmacokinetics and ADME studies
6. Molecular pharmacology in personalized medicine
7. Omics technologies and big data in drug discovery
8. Clinical translation and drug development
9. Emerging trends and future directions
10. Challenges and ethical considerations
11. Conclusion
Section II. Drug design and discovery
Chapter 11. Fundamentals of drug design and discovery
1. Introduction
2. Traditional drug design
3. Methods for traditional drug design
4. Rational drug design (RDD)
5. Rational drug designing methods
6. Computer aided drug designing (CADD)
7. History of CADD
8. Role of CADD in drug discovery
9. Steps involved in drug discovery [5,6,14,16]
10. Significance of CADD in drug discovery [14–18]
11. Conclusion
Chapter 12. Fundamental approaches of drug discovery
1. Introduction
2. Role of drug discovery in the modern era
3. Fundamental approaches to drug discovery
4. Computational drug discovery
5. Fragment-based drug design (FBDD)
6. Biologics and antibody-based approaches
7. Repurposing and repositioning
8. Chemical biology and proteomics
9. Personalized medicine
10. Conclusion
Chapter 13. Enzyme inhibitors: Design of kinase inhibitors as anticancer drugs
1. Introduction
2. Material and methods
3. Result
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
Chapter 14. Reverse pharmacology and drug repositioning in drug discovery
1. Introduction
2. Reverse pharmacology is divided into three phases [8]
3. Reverse pharmacology as a tool for drug discovery
4. Examples of the use of reverse pharmacology in drug discovery
5. Development of antimalarial drug
6. The concept of drug repositioning
7. Examples of applying drug repositioning in drug discovery
8. Drugs repositioned on neurological diseases
9. Drugs repositioned on cancer management
10. Drugs repositioned as antimicrobial agents
11. Progress and challenges of drug repositioning in drug discovery for various diseases
12. Conclusion and future prospective
Chapter 15. Bioinformatics and CADD approaches in drug discovery
1. Introduction
2. Bioinformatics approaches and applications
3. CADD in drug discovery
4. Conclusion
Chapter 16. Artificial intelligence-based protein structure prediction and systems biology-guided smart drug screening
1. Introduction
2. AI-based protein structure prediction
3. Systems biology-guided smart drug screening
4. Conclusion and future prospects
Chapter 17. Recombinant DNA technology and gene therapy
1. Introduction
2. Principles of recombinant DNA technology
3. Key techniques in recombinant DNA technology
4. Key principle in gene therapy
5. Classification of gene therapy: Based on the cell types targeted
6. Oligonucleotide therapy
7. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing
8. RNA interference (RNAi)
9. Conclusion
Chapter 18. Gut-health pharmacology: Integrating microbiota insights with natural product based therapies
1. Introduction
2. Gut microbiome
3. Impact of the microbiota on specific disease pathogenesis and health outcomes
4. Some plant metabolites that modulates the gut microbiome
5. Microbiota-triggered drug delivery
6. Natural products and their nanoformulation for gut ailments
7. Conclusion
Section III. Key aspects of molecular pharmacology
Chapter 19. Neuropharmacology and neurotherapeutics: Advancing the understanding and treatment of neurological disorders
1. Introduction
2. Basic principles of neuropharmacology
3. Neurotransmitter systems
4. Signal transduction pathways
5. Recent advancements in understanding neurotransmitter interactions
6. Neuropharmacology of neurological disorders
7. Alzheimer's disease
8. Parkinson's disease
9. Neurotherapeutics
10. Challenges in developing effective therapies
11. Role of artificial intelligence in future trends in neuropharmacology
12. Conclusion
Chapter 20. Molecular oncobiology and cancer chemotherapeutics
1. Introduction
2. Cancer chemotherapy
3. Molecular targets of oncological progression and their therapeutic strategies
4. Demerits of molecular targeted therapy
5. Conclusion
Chapter 21. Molecular inflammopharmacology and therapeutics
1. Introduction
2. Resolution of inflammation
3. Causes of chronic inflammation
4. Biomarkers of chronic inflammation
5. Inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases
6. Inflammation and cardiovascular diseases
7. Inflammation and gastrointestinal diseases
8. Inflammation and hepatic diseases
9. Inflammation and cancer
10. Inflammatory skin conditions
11. Inflammation and metabolic disorders
12. Inflammation and sepsis
13. Inflammation associated with autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases
14. Conclusion
Chapter 22. Molecular cardiopharmacology and Therapeutics-I
1. Introduction
2. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Demonstrating the biomolecular mechanism and appropriate treatment options
3. Heart failure: Novel pharmacology and therapeutic approaches
4. Noncoding RNA therapeutics: Toward a promising treatment option for CVDs
5. Conclusion
Chapter 23. Molecular cardiopharmacology and therapeutics-II
1. Introduction
2. Hypertension
3. Heart failure
4. Atherosclerosis
5. Ischemic heart diseases
6. Conclusion
Chapter 24. Molecular endocrine pharmacology and therapeutics
1. Introduction
2. Molecular endocrine pharmacology and therapeutics applications
3. Conclusion
Chapter 25. Molecular viral infections and antiviral therapeutics
1. Introduction
2. Host immune response to viral infections
3. Antiviral therapeutics
4. Conclusions
Index

Mithun Rudrapal

Mithun Rudrapal, PhD, FIC, FICS, CChem (India), is Associate Professor at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur, India. Dr. Rudrapal has been actively engaged in teaching and research in the field of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences for more than 13 years. He has over a hundred publications in peer-reviewed international journals to his credit and has filed a number of Indian and International patents. In addition, Dr. Rudrapal is the author of dozen published or forthcoming books. Dr. Rudrapal works in the areas of Medicinal Chemistry, CADD, Drug Repurposing, Phytochemistry, Herbal Drugs and Dietary Polyphenols.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Guntur, India

Chukwuebuka Egbuna

Chukwuebuka Egbuna (PhD) is a chartered chemist and academic researcher. He is a member of the Institute of Chartered Chemists of Nigeria (ICCON), the Nigerian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (NSBMB), and the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) (United Kingdom). Dr. Egbuna is the founder and editor of the Elsevier book series on Drug Discovery Update. The series includes books, monographs, and edited collections from all areas of drug discovery including emerging therapeutic claims for the treatment of diseases. He has published research articles in many international journals of repute and is ranked among the top 500 Nigerian scientists in SciVal/SCOPUS. He has edited more than 25 books with Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, and Taylor & Francis. His most recent book is the three volume Coronavirus Drug Discovery, published by Elsevier. Dr. Egbuna is the founder and the publishing director of IPS Intelligentsia Publishing Services.

Affiliations and expertise

Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria

William Chi Shing Cho

William C.S. Cho, PhD, RCMP, FHKIMLS, FHKSMDS, Chartered Scientist (UK), FIBMS (UK). Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China. Dr. Cho’s primary research interests focus on cancer research to discover biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, treatment prediction, and prognosis. As a seasoned researcher, Dr. Cho has conducted cancer research using molecular biology, proteomics, genomics, immunology, bioinformatics, and next-generation sequencing technologies. Dr. Cho has published more than 600 peer-reviewed papers (Lancet, Lancet Oncology, Annals of Oncology, Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Advanced Science, Nature Communications, PNAS, Molecular Cancer, Journal of Thoracic Oncology, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Clinical Cancer Research, Clinical Chemistry, Theranostics, etc.) covering cancer biomarkers, proteomics, noncoding RNA, traditional Chinese medicine, and dozens of books (including An Omics Perspective on Cancer Research, MicroRNAs in Cancer Translational Research, Drug Repurposing in Cancer Therapy: Approaches and Applications, Supportive Cancer Care with Chinese Medicine, etc.). The cumulative impact factor of journals exceeds 4500, and the papers have been cited >25,000 times. Dr. Cho is listed among the top 2% of the most influential scientists in the world. In addition, Dr. Cho has served as a research grant reviewer for many international research funds, including the Hope Funds for Cancer Research (United States), Cancer Research (United Kingdom), National Medical Research Council (Singapore), etc.

Affiliations and expertise

Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China

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Biochemical and Molecular Pharmacology in Drug Discovery

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Mithun Rudrapal

Chukwuebuka Egbuna

William Chi Shing Cho