BIDE's Diabetes Desk Book

For Healthcare Professionals

1st Edition - November 30, 2023
Editors: Abdul Basit, Muhammad Yakoob Ahmedani, Musarrat Riaz, Riaz Ahmed Memon, Marium Soomro
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 1 0 6 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 2 2 1 0 7 - 1

BIDE’s Diabetes Desk Book: For Healthcare Professionals offers a holistic approach to diabetes management, including the most current evidence-based recommendations for diagnosin… Read more

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BIDE’s Diabetes Desk Book: For Healthcare Professionals offers a holistic approach to diabetes management, including the most current evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and treating adults and children with all forms of diabetes. The book offers guidelines on the management of infections in diabetes and the management of diabetes. It is based on a successful cost-effective model for countries to utilize at the national level to address important issues such as diabetic foot, gestational diabetes, and diabetes education. This is an essential international resource that provides information on primary prevention strategies to encourage diabetes-related research.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Foreword
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 Decades of BIDE's journey and experience for LMICs
Abstract
Why was the need felt to establish BIDE in Pakistan?
What were the steps in the progression and development of BIDE?
How can BIDE experiences help establish diabetes care services especially in LMICs?
References
Chapter 2 Diabetes etiopathology, classification, diagnosis, and epidemiology
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus
Classification of diabetes
Aetiopathogenesis of diabetes
Epidemiology of diabetes
Diagnosis of diabetes
Screening and testing for type 1 diabetes
Screening and testing for prediabetes
Diagnosis of prediabetes
References
Chapter 3 Nonpharmacological management of diabetes and self-monitoring of blood glucose
Abstract
Introduction
Goals of medical nutrition therapy for diabetes
Medical nutrition therapy
References
Chapter 4 Pharmacological management of diabetes
Abstract
Pharmacological agents to treat type 2 DM (T2DM)
References
Chapter 5 Acute emergencies in diabetes
Abstract
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
Lactic acidosis
Hypoglycemia
References
Chapter 6 Microvascular complications: Diabetic kidney disease
Abstract
Introduction
Prevalence
Risk factors
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Differential diagnosis
Screening for diabetic kidney disease
Diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease
Staging of CKD [1]
Management of DKD
References
Chapter 7 Microvascular complications: Diabetic nerve disease
Abstract
Importance of diagnosing diabetic neuropathy
Prevalence of diabetic neuropathy and painful diabetic neuropathy
Risk factors for diabetic neuropathy
Pathophysiology of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN)
Diagnosing diabetic neuropathy
Neurophysiology
Treatment of diabetic neuropathy
Autonomic neuropathy
Diagnosis of painful diabetic neuropathy
Treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy (Table 7.6)
References
Chapter 8 Microvascular complications: Diabetic eye disease
Abstract
Introduction
Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy
Etiology of diabetic retinopathy
Classification of diabetic retinopathy
Pathophysiology
Clinical presentation
Screening of diabetic patients
Investigations
Differential diagnosis
Management of diabetic retinopathy
References
Chapter 9 Macrovascular complications: Coronary artery disease
Abstract
Background
Introduction
Epidemiology/prevalence
Pathophysiology and risk factors
Clinical presentation
Diagnostic approach
Management/treatment
Prognosis
References
Chapter 10 Macrovascular complications: Peripheral artery disease
Abstract
Introduction
Burden of PAD in diabetes
Risk factors for PAD
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Management of patients with PAD in diabetes
Prognosis
References
Chapter 11 Macrovascular complications: Cerebrovascular disease
Abstract
Introduction
Global burden of disease
Risk factors of stroke associated with diabetes
Pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease in diabetes
Clinical patterns of stroke in patients with diabetes
Management
References
Chapter 12 Diabetic foot
Abstract
Epidemiology of diabetic foot ulcer
Risk factors of foot ulceration
The pathway to foot ulceration
Biomechanics of the diabetic foot
The assessment of diabetic foot ulcers
Classification of diabetic foot ulcers
The management of DFU (standard of care)
The prevention of diabetic foot ulcers
Charcot foot (or neuro-osteoarthropathy)
Setting up diabetic foot clinics
Referral pathways for diabetic foot ulcers
Step by step program: Diabetic foot
Train the foot trainer (TftT)
References
Chapter 13 Diabetes and obesity
Abstract
The global burden of obesity
Understanding obesity
Determinants and checkpoints of obesity
Controlling obesity and diabetes through lifestyle changes
Obesity and type-1 diabetes
References
Chapter 14 Diabetes in children and adolescents
Abstract
Section A: Type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents
Section B: Other types of diabetes in children and adolescents
References
Further reading
Chapter 15 Hyperglycemia in pregnancy
Abstract
Prevalence of hyperglycemia in pregnancy
Risks associated with hyperglycemia during pregnancy
Classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy
Screening and diagnosis of GDM
Prepregnancy care (PPC)
Glycemic targets in pregnancy
Glucose monitoring in pregnancy complicated by diabetes
SMBG in women with pre-existing T1DM
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)
SMBG in women with preexisting T2DM or ODIP
SMBG in women with GDM
Management of diabetes in pregnancy
Weight management during pregnancy
Current guidelines for exercise in GDM
Type of exercise
Pharmacologic management of diabetes during pregnancy
Insulin use in pregnancy
Types of insulin
It can be mixed with regular insulin, Aspart, and/or Lispro
Dose calculation and adjustments
Postpartum screening for women with GDM or ODIP (if hyperglycemia not overtly persisting)
Breastfeeding
Contraception
Role of primary care or family physicians in GDM
Conclusion
References
Chapter 16 Living with diabetes
Abstract
Living with diabetes
Nutritional management and creating a meal plan
Nutritional training in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Myths and facts
References
Chapter 17 Diabetes and Ramadan fasting
Abstract
The epidemiology of diabetes and Ramadan
Physiology of fasting
Health benefits of Ramadan fasting in healthy individuals
Pre-Ramadan assessment and plan of care
Ramadan-specific diabetes education
Medication adjustments during fasting
Management of people with T1DM
Management of gestational diabetes
Summary
References
Chapter 18 Diabetes and Hajj
Abstract
Diabetes-related clinical problems during Hajj
Pre-Hajj management
References
Chapter 19 Monogenic diabetes
Abstract
Introduction
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM)
Study on MODY in Sri Lanka
South Asian individuals with diabetes who are referred for MODY testing in the UK have a lower mutation pick up rate than European people
Study on MODY in Pakistan
Studies on MODY in India
Studies on neonatal diabetes in India
References
Chapter 20 Secondary diabetes
Abstract
Introduction and definition
Classification and diagnosis of secondary diabetes
Principles of management
References
Chapter 21 Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus type 2
Abstract
Epidemiological transition and disease determinants
Does lifestyle modifications really work?
Primary prevention of diabetes in low- and middle-income countries
Why is an effective National Prevention Plan needed?
National Prevention Plan for diabetes
References
Chapter 22 Diabetes and technologies
Abstract
Role of technology in diabetes management and outcomes
Role of healthcare providers (HCPs) vs. PWD in the use of technology to optimize diabetes management and associated outcomes
Top four items to consider before the institutionalization of the desired technology
Economics of using technology
Data-driven diabetes management and clinical decision-making
Limitations of PGHD
Barriers and opportunities in the adoption of technology
Review of the currently available technologies and applications
Currently, there are four themes which have emerged regarding insulin titration [37–39]
References
Chapter 23 Diabetes care in the hospital
Abstract
Epidemiology of inpatients with diabetes
SMBG monitoring and insulin sliding scales
Diabetes care team
Safe and accurate insulin prescribing
Management of hypoglycemia in adult patients with diabetes
Management of hyperglycemia in adult patients with diabetes
Glucose-lowering medications
DKA and HHS
Management of diabetes in patients with nondiabetic emergencies
Summary
References
Chapter 24 Developing national diabetes programmes, guidelines, and registries
Abstract
National Diabetes Programs (NDPs)
Key groups for potential intervention include
NDP priorities
Subsequent key components of an NDP include
Summary
References
Chapter 25 Diabetes and infections
Abstract
Introduction
Pathogenesis
Mucormycosis
COVID-19
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis B
HIV/AIDS
Urinary tract infections
Respiratory tract infections in PWD
Diabetes and TB
Skin infections
Foot infection
Otitis
References
Chapter 26 Diabetes and disasters
Abstract
Introduction
Global trends in disasters
Consequences of disasters on PWD
Disasters in LMICs
Diabetes management during a disaster
References
Index

Abdul Basit

Dr. Abdul Basit is a Professor of Medicine at Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan. He is also the Joint Secretary of Diabetic Association of Pakistan (DAP) and a Founding Member of Pakistan Endocrine Society (PES). He has more than 200 publications in national and international peer review journals. He is the Secretary General, Diabetic Association of Pakistan (DAP) & Head, WHO Collaborating Centre for “Treatment, Education & Research in Diabetic Pregnancies”

Affiliations and expertise

Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), & Baqai Medical University, (BMU), Karachi, Pakistan

Muhammad Yakoob Ahmedani

Prof. Muhammad Yakoob Ahmedani is currently working as the project Director of ‘Insulin-my life”. This project is running in collaboration with World Diabetes Foundation to improve the care of Type 1 Diabetics all over Sindh province. He has more than 10 years of teaching experience, published ~70 papers, is an international speaker. He has run a Diabetic Foot Clinic and managed Emergency and In-patients. Represented BIDE at national and international forum, participated in seminars and gave lectures to Diploma students.

Affiliations and expertise

Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), & Baqai Medical University, (BMU), Karachi, Pakistan

Musarrat Riaz

Musarrat Riaz is an Associate Professor and Consultant Endocrinologist at Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), and Baqai Medical University in Karachi, Pakistan.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor and Consultant Endocrinologist, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.

Riaz Ahmed Memon

Riaz Ahmed Memon is a Consultant Diabetologist and Incharge Diabetic footwear, at the Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), in Karachi, Pakistan.

Affiliations and expertise

Consultant Diabetologist and Incharge Diabetic footwear, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), Karachi, Pakistan.

Marium Soomro

Marium Soomro is Manager, Health Research Advisory Board, in Karachi Pakistan; Co-Principal Investigator, IPCRG and RESPIRE Research Qualitative Research Project, the University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Coordinator, BMJ Open Quality Pakistan Special Edition, and Coordinator, Paediatric Orthopaedic Registry Pakistan (PORP).

Affiliations and expertise

Manager, Health Research Advisory Board, Karachi Pakistan; Co-Principal Investigator, IPCRG and RESPIRE Research Qualitative Research Project, the University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Coordinator, BMJ Open Quality Pakistan Special Edition; Coordinator, Paediatric Orthopaedic Registry Pakistan (PORP)

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BIDE's Diabetes Desk Book

For Healthcare Professionals

Purchase options

Save 50% on book bundles

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

Abdul Basit

Muhammad Yakoob Ahmedani

Musarrat Riaz

Riaz Ahmed Memon

Marium Soomro