Basic Biotechniques for Bioprocess and Bioentrepreneurship

Basic Biotechniques for Bioprocess and Bioentrepreneurship
deals with the entire field of industrial biotechnology, starting from the basic laboratory techniques to scale-up, process development, demonstration, and finally its commercialization. The book compiles currently scattered materials on this topic and updates this information based on practical experience and requirements. The book will be an ideal source for new entrepreneurs who wish to start their own commercial units.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Part I: Isolation, screening and culture maintenance
Chapter 1: Isolation of microorganisms
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Clinically important microorganisms
3: Agriculturally important microorganisms
4: Dairy related microorganisms
5: Extremophiles
6: Transport of samples
7: Industrially important microorganisms
8: Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Screening strategies
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Conventional strain screening techniques
3: Alternative cultivation methods
4: Molecular method of microbial strain screening strategies
5: High-throughput screening techniques
6: “Omics”-based screening techniques
7: Virtual screening strategies
8: Some potential application of novel screening strategies
9: Conclusions and future perspectives
References
Chapter 3: Identification, morphological, biochemical, and genetic characterization of microorganisms
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Isolation of microorganisms
3: Identification of microbes
4: Biochemical characterization of microbes
5: Genetic characterization of microorganisms
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 4: Microbial activity and productivity enhancement strategies
Abstract
Acknowledgment
1: Introduction
2: Isolation of microbes
3: Statistical design for culture and reaction condition optimization
4: Induction strategy
5: Immobilization
6: Mutagenesis for enhancement of enzyme activity and productivity
7: Metabolic engineering
8: Co-culture strategy
9: Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Culture maintenance, preservation, and strain improvement
Abstract
Acknowledgment
1: Introduction
2: Culture media for different aspects
3: Sterilization techniques
4: Maintenance and preservation of pure cultures
5: Strain improvement
6: Conclusion
References
Part II: Laboratory techniques & instrumentation
Chapter 6: Biomolecules: Types, homogenization, bead beater, sonication
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Classification of cell disruption processes
3: Conclusion
References
Chapter 7: Centrifugation: Basic principle, types
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Basic principles of centrifugation, centrifugal force, and sedimentation coefficient
3: Instrumentation of a centrifuge
References
Chapter 8: Spectroscopy—Principle, types, and applications
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: General types of spectra
3: Principle of spectroscopy
4: Types of spectroscopy
5: Conclusion
References
Chapter 9: Protein purification: Basic principles and techniques
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Need of protein purification and determination of protein identity
3: Basic principles of protein purification
4: Other considerations
5: Alternative systems
6: Importance of recombinant protein market
7: Conclusion
References
Chapter 10: Chromatography: Basic principle, types, and applications
Abstract
1: Basic principle
2: General terms used in chromatography
3: Types of chromatography
References
Chapter 11: Electrophoresis: Basic principle, types, and applications
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Types of electrophoresis
3: Conclusion
References
Part III: Genomic and proteomic analysis
Chapter 12: DNA, RNA isolation, primer designing, sequence submission, and phylogenetic analysis
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Isolation of DNA
3: Isolation of RNA
4: PCR and primer designing
5: Submission of sequence to GenBank
6: Phylogenetic analysis
7: Conclusion
References
Chapter 13: RDT and genetic engineering: Basic of RDT method, PCR, and application
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Recombinant DNA technology
3: Genetic engineering and RDT differences
4: Polymerase chain reaction
5: RDT/genetic engineering linkage to bioentrepreneurship
6: Three pillars of bioentrepreneurship
7: Recombinant DNA technology market-growth and trends
8: RDT linked bioentrepreneurship in the health sector
9: RDT linked bioentrepreneurship in food and agriculture sector: Helping to feed the world
10: Industrial and environmental bioentrepreneurship
11: Conclusion
References
Chapter 14: Protein sequence analysis
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Proteomics
3: Bioinformatics tools for protein sequence analysis
4: Sequence aligning programs
5: Alignment-free sequence analysis
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 15: Computational strategies and tools for protein tertiary structure prediction
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Homology modeling
3: Fold recognition/threading
4: Ab initio protein structure prediction
5: Hybrid methods and current trend in protein structure prediction
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 16: Docking strategies
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Scoring functions
3: Protein-ligand docking strategies
4: Protein-protein docking strategies
5: Protein-nucleic acid docking strategies
6: Different software and tools used for docking
7: Future prospects
8: Conclusion
References
Chapter 17: A beginner’s guide to measuring binding affinity during biomolecular interactions
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: An introduction to major methods of detecting protein-ligand complexes
3: Conclusion
References
Part IV: Techniques in process development
Chapter 18: Enzymes and their significance in the industrial bioprocesses
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Enzymes in industries: The sources
3: Production of industrial enzymes
4: Applications of industrial enzymes
5: Industrial enzymes global market
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 19: Enzyme kinetics: Industrially important enzymes
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Industrially important biocatalysts
3: Production of industrially important enzymes
4: Enhancement in enzymes properties, stability, and kinetics
5: Conclusion
References
Chapter 20: Industrial enzymes: Basic information, assay, and applications
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Different important industrial enzymes
3: Cellulase
4: α-Amylase
5: Glucose oxidase (GOx)
6: Invertase
7: Lipase
8: Protease
9: Conclusions and future prospects
References
Part V: Techniques in process development
Chapter 21: Fundamentals of fermentation technology
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: History and key scientific achievements in the field of fermentation
3: Modes of fermentation operation
4: Factors affecting fermentation
5: Economic aspects of industrial fermentation from a market perspective
6: Some examples of commercial fermentation plants
7: Drivers and future of industrial fermentation
8: Conclusion
References
Chapter 22: Sterilization in bioprocesses
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Principles of sterilization
3: Overview of fermentation process
4: Sterilization in industrial fermentation
5: Different methods of sterilization
6: Which article should be sterilized?
7: Sterilization of culture media
8: Conclusion
References
Chapter 23: Scale-up: Lab to commercial scale
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: What drives the scaling-up process?
3: Role of laboratory scale in optimization and scale-up
4: Challenges of scaling-up
5: Conclusion
References
Chapter 24: Bioprocess: Control, management, and biosafety issues
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Bioprocess control and management
3: Biosafety issue
4: Conclusion
References
Chapter 25: Demonstration and industrial scale-up
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: A common skeleton for bioprocess development at scale
3: Laboratory-scale strain development—Parameters to be accounted
4: Systems biology approaches to address the effects of scale-related factors
5: Stable and reliable production in large-scale bioreactors using engineered strains
6: Conclusions
References
Chapter 26: Downstream processing of biotechnology products
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Precipitation
3: Ultrafiltration
4: Three phase partitioning
5: Aqueous two-phase separation
6: Chromatographic methods
7: Gel electrophoresis
8: Chromatofocusing
9: Conclusion
References
Chapter 27: Waste management and environment
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: What is the bioprocessing industry?
3: Different types of bio-based industry and its waste composition
4: Impact of bioprocessing industry waste on environment
5: Waste management approaches
6: Future prospects
7: Conclusion
References
Part VI: Feasibility, marketing and biobusiness
Chapter 28: Biobusiness opportunities
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Emerging biobusiness opportunities
3: Institutional role in promoting biobusiness opportunities
4: Assessment of biobusiness opportunities
5: Biobusiness opportunities—A managerial perspective
6: Commercialization of biobusiness opportunities
7: Challenges and suggestions for developing biobusinesses opportunities
8: Conclusion
References
Chapter 29: Feasibility analysis and business plan
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Process and dimensions of feasibility analysis
3: Cost/benefit analysis
4: Business plan
5: Business plan: Sample
6: Conclusion
References
Chapter 30: Patenting, IPR, and regulatory issues
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Types of intellectual property rights (IPRs)
3: History of patent system
4: Conclusion
References
Chapter 31: Commercialization and technology transfers of bioprocess
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Scale-up
3: Low-cost bioprocess development
4: Quality control in bioprocess development
5: Role of R&D in technology development
6: Bioreactor design development and challenges
7: Good manufacturing practices (GMPs) in biotech industry
8: Product novelty and risk assessment
9: Ethical and environmental implications of process development
10: Market strategies for the commercialization of the product
11: Academia-industry partnership/synergy
12: Conclusion
References
Chapter 32: Bioproduct marketing strategies
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Development of marketing of bioproducts
3: Classification of markets
4: Marketing strategies
5: Marketing mix
6: Green marketing
7: Conclusion
References
Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Basic Biotechniques for Bioprocess and Bioentrepreneurship

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Arvind Kumar Bhatt

Ravi Kant Bhatia

Tek Chand Bhalla