Atmospheric Oxidation and Antioxidants

1. Lubricating Oil Oxidation and Stabilisation (T. Colclough). Introduction. Effect of Basestock Composition on Oxidation Stability. The Performance of Lubricants in Engines. Bench Oxidation Tests. Catalysis by Metals and Nitrogen Oxides. Actions and Interactions of Antioxidants. 2. Deterioration of Edible Oils and Foodstuffs (S.P. Kochhar). Introduction. Food Oils and Fats. Types of Lipid Deterioration. Antioxidants and Mechanisms of Their Action. Concluding Remarks. 3. Oxidation and Stabilisation of Polymers during Processing (G. Scott). The Significance of the Processing Operation. Mechanodegradation of Polymers. Chemical Plasticisation (Peptisation) of Rubbers. The Effect of Temperature during Mechanooxidation. Processing of Thermoplastic Polymers. Stabilisation of Polymers during Processing. Effect of Melt Stabilisers on Subsequent Environmental Ageing. 4. The Physical Chemistry of Polymer Oxidation and Stabilisation (N.C. Billingham). Introduction. Surface Heterogeneity of Polymer Oxidation. Macroscopic Heterogeneity of Oxidation. Molecular Heterogeneity of Oxidation. Solubility of Polymer Additives. Mobility of Polymer Additives. Loss of Additives from Polymers. Physical Effects in Accelerate Ageing. Conclusions. 5. Macromolecular and Polymer-Bound Antioxidants (G. Scott). Solubility, Diffusivity and Volatility of Antioxidants. Environmental Impact of Additives in Polymers. Effect of Processing on Antioxidant Effectiveness. Antioxidants Based on Large Molecules. Polymer-Bound Antioxidants. 6. Metal Catalysed Oxidation and its Inhibition (Z. Osawa). Introduction. General Features of the Role of Metallic Compounds. Examples of the Effects of Metallic Compounds on Degradation. Inhibition of Metal-Catalyzed Degradation. Conclusions. 7. Ozone Degradation and Antiozonants (R.P. Lattimer, R.W. Layer, C.K. Rhee). Introduction. Chemistry of Ozone Attack. Physical Aspects in Ozone Cracking. Desirable Properties of Antiozonants. Hydrocarbon Waxes. Chemical Antiozonants. Mechanism of Action of Chemical Antiozonants. Manufacture and Production. Alternatives to Antiozonants. Testing. Health and Safety Factors. Uses and Formulations. 8. Photodegradation and Photostabilisation (G. Scott). Weathering of Polymers. Photodegradation and Biodegradation. Photooxidation. Photolysis and Photooxidation. Stabilisation of Polymers Against the Effects of Light. 9. Synergism and Antagonism (G. Scott). Factors Affecting Antioxidant Performance. Synergistic Effects of Antioxidants and Stabilisers. Antagonism. 10. Fire Retardant Polymeric Materials (C. Camino). Introduction. Evaluation of Polymer Combustion. Fire Retardants. Inorganic Hydroxides. Halogen-Based Fire Retardants. Intumescent Systems. Conclusions. 11. Degradation and Stabilisation of Polymers Subjected to High Energy Radiation (D.J. Carlsson). Introduction. Primary Radiation Processes in Polymers. Secondary Reactions in Irradiated Polymers. Inhibition of Radiation Degradation Reactions. &ggr;-Stabilisation and Radiolysis Reactions. Subject Index.