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Atlas of the Human Brain

  • 4th Edition - November 20, 2015
  • Latest edition
  • Authors: Juergen K Mai, Milan Majtanik, George Paxinos
  • Language: English

The fourth edition of Atlas of the Human Brain presents the anatomy of the brain at macroscopic and microscopic levels, featuring different aspects of brain morphology and topog… Read more

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Description

The fourth edition of Atlas of the Human Brain presents the anatomy of the brain at macroscopic and microscopic levels, featuring different aspects of brain morphology and topography. This greatly enlarged new edition provides the most detailed and accurate delineations of brain structure available. It includes features which assist in the new fields of neuroscience – functional imaging, resting state imaging and tractography. Atlas of the Human Brain is an essential guide to those working with human brain imaging or attempting to relate their observations on experimental animals to humans. Totally new in this edition is the inclusion of Nissl plates with delineation of cortical areas (Brodmann’s areas), the first time that these areas have been presented in serial histological sections.

Key features

  • Winner of the 2016 British Medical Association Award for Best Illustrated Text and previous edition winner of the Award of Excellence from the American Association of Publishers
  • The contents of the Atlas of the brain in MNI stereotaxic space has been extensively expanded from 143 pages, showing 69 levels through the hemisphere, to 314 pages representing 99 levels
  • In addition to the fiber-stained (myelin) plates, we now provide fifty new (Nissl) plates covering cytoarchitecture. These are interdigitated within the existing myelin plates of the stereotaxic atlas
  • All photographic plates now represent the complete hemisphere
  • All photographs of the cell- and fiber-stained sections have been transformed to fit the MNI-space
  • Major fiber tracts are identified in the fiber-stained sections
  • In the Nissl plates cortical delineations (Brodmann’s areas) are provided for the first time
  • The number of diagrams increased to 99. They were now generated from the 3D reconstruction of the hemisphere registered to the MNI- stereotaxic space. They can be used for immediate comparison between our atlas and experimental and clinical imaging results
  • Parts of cortical areas are displayed at high magnification on the facing page of full page Nissl sections. Images selected highlight those areas which are thought to correspond with those published by von Economo and Koskinas (1925)
  • A novel way of depicting cortical areal pattern is used: The cortical cytoarchitectonic ribbon is unfolded and presented linearly. This linear representation of the cortex enables the comparison of different interpretations of cortecal areas and allows mapping of activation sites
  • Low magnification diagrams in the horizontal (axial) and sagittal planes are included, calculated from the 3D model of the atlas brain

Readership

Advanced students and basic researchers in neuroscience, neurology, radiology, neurosurgery, anatomy, psychology and psychiatry

Table of contents

Part 1: Three Atlases of the Brain in the Head
Part 2: Atlas of the Human Brain in Stereotaxic (MNI) Space (AHB)
Reproduction of Figures by Users of the Atlas
Acknowledgements
Dedication
Part 1: Three Atlases of the Brain in the Head
Part 1: Three Atlases of the Brain in the Head

1.1: Materials and Methods

1.1.1 Anatomical Preparations

1.1.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

1.1.3 Preparation and Photography of the Anatomical Slices

1.1.4 Preparation of 100 μm Thick Frozen Histological Brain Sections

1.1.5 Presentation of the Images for the Three Atlases of the Brain in the Head

1.2: Horizontal Atlas of the Brain in the Head

1.3: Coronal Atlas of the Brain in the Head

1.4: Sagittal Atlas of the Brain in the Head

Part 2: Myelo- and Cytoarchitectonic Atlas of the Human Brain in Stereotaxic (MNI) Space

2.1: Material and Methods

2.1.1 The Brain

2.1.2 Methods

2.1.3 Earlier Histological, Morphometric and Immunohistochemical Studies

2.1.4 Nomenclature

2.1.5 Photographic Plates and Corresponding Diagrams

2.1.6 Three-Dimensional Reconstructions

2.1.7 Standardization

2.1.8 Mapping of the Atlas Space to the Talairach-Space

2.1.9 Mapping of the Atlas Space to the MNI/ICBM2009b Template

2.1.10 AHB Reconstruction with MNI/ICBM2009b Shape Constrain

2.1.11 Registration of the Histological Sections to the Reconstructed Volume

2.1.12 Use of the Atlas for the Interpretation of Individual in vivo Brains

2.1.13 Mapping of the Cortex Areas

2.1.14 Generation of the Linear Representation of Cortex “Stripes”

2.1.15 The Layout of the Myelo- and Cytoarchitectonic Stereotaxic Atlas in MNI Space

2.2: Surface Views

2.3: Plates, Figures and Diagrams

2.4: Horizontal and Sagittal Diagrams with Reduced Detail

2.5: Maps of Subcortical Areas

2.5.1 Thalamus by F. Forutan

2.5.2 Hypothalamus by Y. Koutcherov

2.6: Published Studies: Referring to the Brain Represented in the Atlas of the Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

2.6.1 Histological, Morphometric and Histochemical Studies
List of Structures
List of Abbreviations

Review quotes

"Moreover, the anatomic annotations are innumerable, easily overcoming limitations of other atlases that often gloss over the very details that one is looking for. In this respect, it is one of the most comprehensive documentations in a single volume that is available. This book is a definitive anatomic reference, with few words other than methodologic descriptions, instead focusing on delivering comprehensive anatomic detail."—World Neurosurgery

Product details

  • Edition: 4
  • Latest edition
  • Published: December 2, 2015
  • Language: English

About the authors

JK

Juergen K Mai

Professor Mai studied medicine in Freiburg, Germany, Vienna and UT Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, U.S.A. Student and Medical practices in Freiburg (Clinic for Neurosurgery), Berlin and Düsseldorf. Dissertation ("summa cum laude") and habilitation were awarded by the University of Düsseldorf: After a period as GP in private practice (Titisee-Neustadt) he became scientific assistant and senior assistant at the C. and O. Vogt-Institute for Brain Research, University of Düsseldorf (1972 - 1983) and Professor of Neuroanatomy at the Institute of Neuroanatomy, H.-Heine-University of Düsseldorf. He served as director of the Department of the Institute of Anatomy 1 until retirement in 2011. His main research interests are (i) the structural and molecular anatomy of the mammalian brain and (ii) expression patterns and regulation of terminal carbohydrates in development, cell activation and disease (III) operation planning in stereotactic neurosurgery. He works on a "Digital Brain Atlas for Planning and Interindividual Registration of Targets in Deep Brain Stimulation" and on a "Spatial Information Management Resource for the Human Brain". J. K. Mai has edited the catalogue of human brain sections from the Vogt collection; he is author and editor of several books, e.g. the awarded "Atlas of the Human Brain" (Academic Press/Elsevier, San Diego), "The Human Nervous System" (Academic Press/Elsevier, San Diego, Amsterdam, 3rd ed. 2012), Human Brain in Standard MNI Space: A Comprehensive Pocket Atlas (Academic Press/Elsevier, San Diego, 2017; with M. Majtanik), Funktionelle Anatomie für Zahnmediziner (Quintessenz, Berlin, 2nd. ed. 2008; Sensi Divini (ital., engl., ger, russ. eds). J. K. Mai is founder and CEO of MR-X-Brain GmbH.
Affiliations and expertise
Clinic for Neurosurgery, Düsseldorf, Germany

MM

Milan Majtanik

Milan Majtanik received his diploma in neuropsychology and training in neuroinformatics from the University of Bochum. He completed his diploma in mathematics and his PhD in psychology at the University of Düsseldorf. In his research at the Research Center Jülich he combined advanced analysis techniques in magnetoencephalography (synchronization tomography) with computational modelling in order to measure the impact of desynchronizing sensory stimulation on brain functions. His work on neural plasticity and desynchronizing neural stimulation provided framework for the developent of novel therapeutic techniques. He is currently focusing on the development of novel algorithms for high precision mapping and analysis of individual MRI scans.
Affiliations and expertise
MR-X-Brain GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany

GP

George Paxinos

George Paxinos has written 62 books on the brain of humans, monkeys, rodents and birds. His first atlas, The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, is the most cited neuroscience publication. His Atlas of the Human Brain received The Award for Excellence in Publishing in Medical Science (Assoc American Publishers, 1997) and The British Medical Association Illustrated Book Award (2016). His eco-fiction book A River Divided (georgepaxinos.com.au) considers the question of whether the brain in the Goldilocks Zone - the right “size” for survival.

Affiliations and expertise
NHMRC Senior Principal, NeuRA, Australia