Alarm Systems and Theft Prevention

Preface and Acknowledgments1. Introduction Pioneering in Alarm Introduction A Continuing Challenge2. Basic Burglary Criminal Specialization Legal Advantages of Burglary Professional vs. Amateur Role of Organized Crime3. Sophisticated Burglary Branch Banks and Modern Store Construction Main Banks—The Fortress A Case of Main Bank Burglary How Did It Happen? Missing Deterrents The Economics of Protection The Geography of Protection Lessons for the Security-Responsible Executive4. Burglary Through Unprotected Points What Is Inaccessible? Solutions Differ5. Underwriters' Laboratories Origin of UL UL Services The Case for Progress UL Activities in Crime Prevention: Listing Local Alarm Service Standards UL Central Station Service Standards Grades of Service Keys or No Keys Level of Protection Safe and Vault Certification Alarm System Certification Maximizing Certification UL Approval of Alarm Devices and Systems UL Burglary Department Field Inspections Proposal for Expansion6. Ultrasonic Intrusion Alarm Systems The Cost That Broke the Camel's Back New Building, New Problems The Economics of Alarm System Choice Advantages of Ultrasonic Problems of Alternatives Then the Trouble Started Practice Makes Imperfect 20-20 Hindsight The High Cost of Divorce7. Microwave Motion Detection Special Requirements Introduction of Microwave Need for Standards and Inspection Technical Pluses and Minuses Operating Principles Specialized Coverages Containing Microwave Signals Problems of High Mounting Mass and Bulk in False Alarms Continuing Interference Adjustment and Testing General Precautions Special Precautions for High-Value Risks Other Forms and General Costs8. Passive Infrared Technology Description Basic Advantages Uses of Passive Infrared Devices Causes of False Alarms Controlling or Reducing Unwanted Alarm Signals Other Advantages Dual Detection Problem Areas Summary9. Environmental Causes of False Alarms Steam Noise Bounce Expect the Unexpected Plan Ahead10. Alarm Defeat By Lock Picking Insurer-Required Change Police-Required Changes Alarm Shuntlock and Key Convenience Weaknesses of Alarm Shuntlocks Protective Delay Other Solutions Appropriate Non-alarm Measures11. Problems Of Police-Connected Alarms Entry and Alarm Responsibility for Electric Protection Origin of Police Connects Problems Integral to Police Connects Alternatives and Supporting Procedures12. Corner Cutting In Security Corner Cutting Exposed Alarm Contact Terminals Exposed Control Instruments Walk-Test Circuits Risk of On Test Circuits13. Attack Against Telephone Alarm Lines The Night Every Alarm Came In The Moral and the Fine Print Failure to Act Can Void Insurance Alarm Line Precautions14. First U.S. Defeat Of Central Station-Connected System Unalarmed Access Noise a Contributing Factor Cutting Torches and Cannon Thunder, Planes, and Garbage Pails Lack of Physical Barriers and Space Protection15. Defeat Of Police-Connected Alarm Systems Enter a "Cleaning Van" The Bell That Didn't Ring The Attack Begins Vulnerabilities of the Bank Learning from Experience Epilogue16. Alarm Line Security Alarm System Defined by Components Role of Remote Monitoring Methods of Evading Alarm Condition The Police Connect and Compromise Central Station Alarms: Direct Wire and McCulloh U.S. Alarm Line Defeats Analysis of Successful Compromise Attacks Line Security Systems UL and Line Security Line Security and the Police Connect Line Security for McCulloh-Type Central Station Systems The Future in Line Security Security Procedures Against Compromise Wider Use of Compromise Indicated17. Advances In Hard- Wired Sensing Systems Advances in Alarm Control Equipment Conventional Sensor Circuits Reviewed Multiplex as a Medium for Sensor Circuitry Multiplex Circuitry Applied to the Premises Installation Identify the Culprit Improved Testing One Power Supply Day Annunciation Line Security Bypass Circuitry System Logistics Costs and Availability Transmission System Methods and Standards Methods of Programming Supervising Openings and Closings Optional Features Multiplex Central Station Supervisory Costs Conclusion 18. Business Skills In Criminal Attack The Insider The Opportunist The Strategist The Well Informed The Inventive 19. Dual Central Station Protection Central Stations Effective, Not Infallible Two Alarm Companies for One Risk Alternatives Conclusion 20. Update On Burglary Attack Techniques Weaknesses in Alarm Response Procedures Burglars' Skills are Improving Sometimes It's the Challenge What-If Situations 21. Digital Paging And Effective Alarm Response Scene One Scene Two Scene Three Prologue: The Critic's Corner Strengthening Alarm Response The Digital Pager Advances in Technology 22. The Thermic Lance Demolition Tool Test Reports Differ Protection from Thermic Lances 23. Safe Choice And Considerations When Is a Safe Unsafe? Fire-Resistive Safes and Their Classifications Burglary-Resistive Safes and Their Classifications Let the Buyer Beware Considerations in Purchasing a Safe Cost vs. Risk Methods of Physical Attack Manipulation and Theft of the Combination Limitations of Safes Problems of Safe Choice Methods for Improving Safe Security Conclusion 24. Imported Tough Safes Special Features Sizes Available UL Listings Safe Defenses Fire Resistance Not Rated by UL The Probable Future 25. Capacitance Alarm Safe Protection Safe vs. Cash Pickup Proximity Alarm Plus Unread Specifications Grounded Safe No Time for Explanations—No Separate Circuit Came the Dawn the Next Night Cleaners on Premises Reduced Sensitivity Everybody Up! No Further Alarms—of Any Kind No Contacts on Safe Doors No Recovery Proximity Alarms Still the Best—But Other Methods for Protecting Safes Complete Protection Essential for Safes Partial Protection Separate Safe Alarm Circuits and Robbery Supervised Separate Remote Alarm Reception 26. Burglary Of Mercantile Vaults Turn-of-the-Century Construction The Action Crunnnch! To the Rescue—More or Less Too Late Causes Epilogue 27. Vault Construction And Protection Old Vaults Massive Alarm Success Brought Insecure Vaults Criminal Success Vault Ratings UL Listings for Vault Construction Lighting Ventilation Emergency Air Devices Burglary Attack Vault Alarm Systems Vault Door Alarm Protection UL Standards Holdup Alarm Devices Reinforcing Substandard Vaults28. Shopping Center Burglary Casing the Target The Suburban Risk Alarms and the Suburbs Mall Guards Planning the Suburban Store Attack The Hit Locking the Barn Continuing Security29. Hit-And-Run Attacks Against Glass Basic Burglary Techniques Discount Store Camera Department Menswear Store Jewelry Store Another Jewelry Store Critique, All Scenes30. Residential Alarm Systems Experience vs. Skill Familiar Rules No Certain Protection Role of Residential Construction The Woes of Residential Alarm Selection Problems of the Residential Alarm Field Significant Considerations in Residential Alarm Choice Installation Standards Insurance Premium Discounts31. Apartment Burglary In and Out And Back Again Predictable Tenants Graceful Exit The Burglar Surprised Little Risk of Discovery Keying Weaknesses Is Anyone Home? Burglary Is Preventable 32. Advances In Low-Power Wireless Sensing Systems In the Beginning Enter the Wireless Emergency Signal Device Bring on the False Alarms The Growth Period RF Wireless Systems Come of Age Improvements in Sensors Advantages of Controllers In the Future 33. Procedural Weaknesses In Security Weak Links in Security Procedures Moral 34. Oversights In Security Economy over All The Obvious Can Lead to Oblivion Sound Security Procedures Essential35. Attacks On Out-Of-Order Alarms First Attack Second Attack Three Strikes and Out! 36. Amateur Alarm Systems Self-Service Security Dogs as Security 37. Pretext And Impersonation In Burglary Pretext Impersonation Countermeasures 38. Impersonation In Robbery When Is a Customer Not a Customer? When He's a Robber Enter the Police Lessons to Be Learned 39. Robbery Attack Total Prevention of Robbery Deterring Robbery Holdup Alarms Testing the Systems Selection and Placement of Alarms Ways to Avoid Robbery Attack When Robbery Occurs Watch for Prerobbery Planning 40. Its Robbery Time Enter Adam Wrong Another Adam? Now, What's in the Box? The Sophisticated Response to Robberies in Progress 41. Surveillance Systems Choice Prevention by Deterrence Role of the 1968 Bank Protection Act Surveillance Systems Lease or Purchase Publicizing Camera Systems Appendix A of the Bank Protection Act 42. The Diamond Switch Introduction Out . . . and Back The Return A New View Success Three Reasons for Two Visits The Basic Error Epilogue 43. Internal Theft Through Unprotected Points The Stock That Wasn't There A Fishing Expedition Open-Hours Perimeter Protection44. Metal Detection And Inspection Applications of Metal Detectors Precautions at Maximum Sensitivity Additional Features X-ray Equipment Weaknesses of Metal Detection Systems Use 45. Bomb Threat Planning Bomb Threats Are Serious Preplanning Essential Evacuation A Bomb Prevention Policy 46. Commercial Office Building Security Evaluation of Risk Crime Consequences Initiating the Security Program 3 Securing Building Plant, Equipment, and Restroom Areas Building Exterior/Perimeter Security Evacuation Planning Search at Closing Patrol Security Centers Supervision of Security Systems Proprietary Systems Special Risks in Commercial Building Security Applicable Office Building Security Procedures Pioneering: A Caution 47. Proprietary Alarm System Centers The What and When of Proprietary Systems Manpower Key to Choice The Single Guard Hours of Operation Economics of Choice Point-by-Point Protection Microwave Applications Considerations of Choice Closed-Circuit TV in the Proprietary Center Proprietary System Requirements Expert Advice Essential 48. There Are Two Sides To An Alarm Contract Changing Times Maintenance and Repair of the Alarm System Limitation of Liability Leased Systems and Service Outright Purchase Automatic Contract Renewal Automatic Rate Increases Cancellation Penalties Installation Schedule of Protection Taxes, Assessments, and License Fees Alarm Devices for Temperature Controls and Industrial Equipment The Arrest Clause Opening and Closing Reports Unsupervised Opening and Closing No-Guard Response Key or No-Key Alarm Service Acts of God Vault Alarm Systems Testing Intrusion-Detection Devices Discontinuance of Service No Expressed or Implied Warranty Subscriber's Terms and Conditions The Need for Counsel 49. The Alarm Industry In The Twenty-First Century Holmes's Crystal Ball Meeting the Requirements Priority Number 1: Elimination of Unnecessary Alarms Origin of Unnecessary Alarm Signals Revolutionary Changes in Alarm Signal Transmission? Future of Wireless Sensing Systems One Picture Is Worth a Thousand Alarm Signals Structure of the Alarm Industry 50. the consultants role Why a Specialist? The Consultant as Interface Selection of a Consultant Appendix: The Security Audit Index