Aerophytic Algae and Cyanobacteria expands our knowledge of the diversity and distribution of microalgae and cyanobacteria. Often believed to be limited to marine and freshwater habitats, these taxa contain species capable of colonizing substrates exposed to air. These species play a significant role in a variety of ecosystems, yet their specific ecological functions and interactions are not fully understood. This resource helps to uncover their ecological significance and contribute to our understanding of ecosystem dynamics. Written by a global team of expert phycologists, this book introduces the reader to the fundamentals of aerophytic algal biology and ecology. Introductory chapters describe the morphology, physiological adaptations, and biogeography of these unique species. Subsequent chapters systematically explore various taxa, including edaphic and corticolous diatoms, aeroplanktonic protists, phototrophic phytotelmata and dendrotelmata, and lampenflora. The book concludes with a look at the future directions of research within the field of phycology, their applications, and associated challenges. Aerophytic Algae and Cyanobacteria delves into the unexpectedly diverse world of aerophytic algae, highlighting the various applications of this knowledge to environmental assessments, conservation efforts, water and air quality management, bioremediation, and pollution control and monitoring. It is an indispensable resource for phycologists, ecologists, environmental scientists and engineers, microbiologists, resource managers and policymakers, and students alike.