Adhesives Handbook

Preface to the Third EditionPreface to the Second EditionPreface to the First Edition1 Introduction 1.1 Using the Handbook 1.2 The Classification of Adhesives 1.3 Background to the Use of Adhesive Bonding 1.4 Factors Determining Whether to Bond with Adhesives 1.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Adhesive Bonding 1.6 The Bonding Process 2 Joint Design 2.1 Types of Stresses 2.2 Types of Joints 2.3 Selection of Joint Detail 2.4 Joint Design Criteria 2.4.1 Dimensions of Adhesive-Bonded Joints 2.4.2 Determination of Joint Dimensions 2.5 References 3 Adhesive Selection 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Requirements of Bonded Assembly 3.3 Materials to be Bonded 3.4 Compatibility of Adherends and Adhesives 3.5 Bond Stresses 3.6 Processing Requirements 3.7 Service Conditions 3.8 Service Life 3.9 Assembly Storage Conditions 3.10 Cost 3.11 Special Considerations 3.12 Checklist of Factors for Adhesive Selection 3.13 Reference 4 Adhesives Materials and Properties 4.1 The Components of an Adhesive 4.1.1 References 4.2 Adhesive Types 44.2.1 Thermoplastic Adhesives 44.2.2 Thermosetting Adhesives 44.2.3 Rubber-Resin Blends 44.2.4 Toughened Structural Adhesives 4.3 Properties of Basic Adhesive Types 44.3.1 Acrylics 44.3.2 Acrylic Acid Diesters 44.3.3 Allyl Diglycol Carbonate 44.3.4 Animal Glues 44.3.5 Blood Albumen 44.3.6 Butadiene-Styrene Rubbers 44.3.7 Butyl Rubber and Polyisobutylene 44.3.8 Casein 44.3.9 Cellulose Derivatives 44.3.10 Ceramic or Refractory Inorganic Adhesives 44.3.11 Cyanoacrylates 44.3.12 Epoxide Adhesives 44.3.13 Epoxy-Nylon 44.3.14 Epoxy-Polyamide 44.3.15 Epoxy-Polysulphide 44.3.16 Epoxy-Polyurethane 44.3.17 Fish Glue 44.3.18 Furanes 44.3.19 Hot-Melt Adhesives 44.3.20 Inorganic Adhesives And Cements 44.3.21 Iohomer Resins 44.3.22 Isocyanates 44.3.23 Emulsion Polymer—Isocyanate"(Epi) 44.3.24 Melamine Formaldehyde 44.3.25 Natural Rubber 44.3.26 Nitrile Rubbers 44.3.27 Nylon Adhesives 44.3.28 Phenolic-Epoxy 44.3.29 Phenol Formaldehyde (Acid Catalysed) 44.3.30 Phenolic Formaldehyde (Hot Setting) 44.3.31 Phenolic-Neoprene 44.3.32 Phenolic-Nitrile 44.3.33 Phenolic-Polyamide 44.3.34 Phenolic-Vinyl Butyral 44.3.35 Phenolic-Vinyl Formal 44.3.36 Phenoxy 44.3.37 Polyamides 44.3.38 Polyaromatics 44.3.39 Polychloroprene (Neoprene) Rubbers 44.3.40 Polyesters 44.3.41 Polyesters (Unsaturated) 44.3.42 Polystyrene 44.3.43 Polysulphide (Thiokol) 44.3.44 Polyurethanes 44.3.45 Polyvinyl Acetals 44.3.46 Polyvinyl Acetate 44.3.47 Polyvinyl Alkyl Ethers 44.3.48 Polyvinyl Alcohol 44.3.49 Polyvinylchloride 44.3.50 Reclaim Rubber 44.3.51 Resorcinol Formaldehyde and Phenol—Resorcinol Formaldehyde 44.3.52 Rubber Derivatives 44.3.53 Silicones 44.3.54 Soy(A)Bean and Vegetable Proteins 44.3.55 Starch 44.3.56 Thermoplastic Resins (Miscellaneous) 44.3.57 Urea Formaldehyde 44.3.58 Water and Solvent Based Adhesives 44.3.59 Waxes 4.4 References 44.4.1 General 44.4.2 Natural Products 44.4.3 Elastomers 44.4.4 Silicones 44.4.5 Thermoplastics 44.4.6 Thermosetting and Thermoplastic Adhesives 44.4.7 Thermosetting Adhesives 44.4.8 Inorganic Adhesives 44.4.9 Reference Books—Polymer Materials and Properties5 Surface Preparation 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Safety Precautions 5.3 Surface Treatment 5.4 Metals 5.5 Plastics 5.6 Rubbers (Natural and Synthetic) 5.7 Fiber Products 5.8 Inorganic Materials 5.9 Wood And Allied Materials 5.10 Painted Surfaces 5.11 References 45.11.1 General 45.11.2 Surface Analysis 45.11.3 Metals 45.11.4 Plastics 45.11.5 Rubbers 45.11.6 Cleaning and Priming Processes 45.11.7 Books 5.12 Trade Sources 5.13 Useful Addresses 5.14 Technical Service 6 The Bonding Process 6.1 Storage 6.2 Preparation of the Adhesive 6.3 Methods Of Adhesive Application 46.3.1 Brushing 46.3.2 Flowing 46.3.3 Spraying 46.3.4 Roll Coating 46.3.5 Knife Coating 46.3.6 Silk Screening 46.3.7 Melting 6.4 Methods of Adhesive Bonding 46.4.1 Wet Bonding 46.4.2 Reactivation Bonding 46.4.3 Pressure-Sensitive Bonding 46.4.4 Curing 46.4.5 Other Methods of Bonding 6.5 Inadequate Bonding 6.6 Methods of Bond Curing 46.6.1 Direct Heat Curing 46.6.2 Radiation Curing 46.6.3 Electric Heaters 46.6.4 High Frequency (Radio Frequency) Dielectric Heating 46.6.5 Induction Heating 46.6.6 Low-Voltage Electric Heating (L.V.H.) 46.6.7 Ultrasonic Activation 6.7 Bonding Pressure 6.8 Equipment for Processing Adhesives 6.9 References 7 Physical Testing of Adhesives 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Strength Properties 7.3 Assessment of Durability and Strength Parameters 47.3.1 Fatigue 47.3.2 Creep 47.3.3 Flexural Strength 47.3.4 Peel Strength 47.3.5 Durability 47.3.6 Fracture Mechanics 47.3.7 Non-Destructive Testing 47.3.8 Standard Test Methods 7.4 Additional Standards 7.5 References 47.5.1 General Testing 47.5.2 Fracture Properties 47.5.3 Mathematical/Statistical 47.5.4 Peel Tests 47.5.5 Shear Tests 47.5.6 Tack Tests 47.5.7 Fatigue Tests 47.5.8 Durability Tests 47.5.9 Physical Properties 47.5.10 Non-Destructive Testing 7.5.11 Books 8 Adhesive Selection Data 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Physical Properties of Adhesive Materials9 Adhesive Products Directory 9.1 Introduction 9.2 SI and Related Units of Measurement: Ready Reference Conversion Factors 9.3 Key to Adhesive Product Charts 9.4 Adhesive Products Table 10 Adhesives and Trade Sources 10.1 Trade Names List 10.2 References 10.3 Basic Adhesive Types and Trade Sources 10.4 Adhesives Manufacturers 11 Glossary Of Adhesives Technology Terms 12 Bibliography 12.1 Books 12.2 Reviews 12.3 Adhesives Journals Preface to the Third Edition 12.4 Other Literature Sources 13 Sources of Further Information on Adhesives 13.1 Research Associations and Other Organizations 13.2 Universities and Technical Colleges 13.3 Government Organizations