Additive Manufacturing

1st Edition - May 21, 2021
Editors: Juan Pou, Antonio Riveiro, J. Paulo Davim
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 4 1 1 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 4 1 2 - 7

Additive Manufacturing explains the background theory, working principles, technical specifications, and latest developments in a wide range of additive manufacturing technique… Read more

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Additive Manufacturing explains the background theory, working principles, technical specifications, and latest developments in a wide range of additive manufacturing techniques. Topics addressed include treatments of manufactured parts, surface characterization, and the effects of surface treatments on mechanical behavior. Many different perspectives are covered, including design aspects, technologies, materials and sustainability. Experts in both academia and industry contribute to this comprehensive guide, combining theoretical developments with practical improvements from R&D. This unique guide allows readers to compare the characteristics of different processes, understand how they work, and provide parameters for their effective implementation.

This book is part of a four-volume set entitled Handbooks in Advanced Manufacturing. Other titles in the set include Advanced Machining and Finishing, Advanced Welding and Deformation, and Sustainable Manufacturing Processes.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Chapter 1. Introduction to additive manufacturing
1.1. Basic concepts of additive manufacturing
1.2. Basic procedure of additive manufacturing
1.3. Categories of additive manufacturing
1.4. Applications of additive manufacturing
1.5. Comparison of additive manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing
1.6. Hybrid manufacturing
1.7. Challenges and limitations of current additive manufacturing
Chapter 2. Introduction to powder bed fusion of polymers
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Processes, machines, technologies
2.3. Postprocessing and surface treatment
2.4. Materials and powder production techniques for powder bed fusion
2.5. Parameter settings and influences
2.6. Process monitoring
Symbols
Abbreviations
Chapter 3. Selective laser melting: principles and surface quality
3.1. Introduction to selective laser melting
3.2. Surface integrity in the selective laser melting process
3.3. Treatments applied during the selective laser melting process
3.4. Treatments applied after the selective laser melting process
Chapter 4. Laser-directed energy deposition: principles and applications
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Principles of laser-directed energy deposition
4.3. Industrial applications of laser-directed energy deposition
4.4. Biomedical applications of laser-directed energy deposition
4.5. Summary
Chapter 5. Vat photopolymerization methods in additive manufacturing
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Vat photopolymerization process
5.3. Postprocessing
5.4. Direct fabrication of parts by vat photopolymerization
5.5. Additive manufacturing technologies for tooling
Chapter 6. Polymer and composites additive manufacturing: material extrusion processes
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Extrusion additive manufacturing processes
6.3. Hybrid systems
6.4. In-line monitoring and automation for smart manufacturing
6.5. Materials development
6.6. Current applications and path forward
Chapter 7. Introduction to fused deposition modeling
7.1. Historical outline and used labels
7.2. The RepRap project—history and models of 3D printers
7.3. Model and support materials
7.4. Extrusion head structure
7.5. Selected details about heads in open systems
7.6. An example of head construction in a Stratasys device
7.7. Fiber deposition strategy and finishing process
7.8. Conclusions
Chapter 8. Electron beam melting process: a general overview
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Electron beam melting physical mechanisms
8.3. Process control and process parameters
8.4. Part features
8.5. Process monitoring
8.6. Numerical simulation
8.7. Summary and scientific and technological challenges
Chapter 9. Introduction to 4D printing: methodologies and materials
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Fundamentals of 4D printing
9.3. Material extrusion-based 4D printing
9.4. 4D printing by polyjet printing
9.5. Vat photopolymerization-based 4D printing
9.6. Summary
Chapter 10. Laser polishing of additive-manufactured Ti alloys and Ni alloys
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Laser polishing LMD TC11
10.3. Laser polishing SLM TC4
10.4. Laser polishing SLM inconel 718 superalloy
10.5. Conclusions
Chapter 11. On surface quality of engineered parts manufactured by additive manufacturing and postfinishing by machining
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Surface roughness
11.3. Experimental studies on additive manufacturing and machining
11.4. Challenges and opportunities
11.5. Conclusions
Chapter 12. Standards for additive manufacturing technologies: structure and impact
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Structure of additive manufacturing standardization working groups
12.3. Published AM standards in ISO/ASTM
12.4. Impact of standards for additive manufacturing
12.5. Conclusions
Chapter 13. Metal matrix composites processed by laser additive manufacturing: microstructure and properties
13.1. Introduction
13.2. In situ synthesis of metal matrix composites by laser additive manufacturing
13.3. Laser additive manufacturing for the production of “pure” ex situ metal matrix composites
13.4. Laser additive manufacturing of hierarchical metal matrix composites
13.5. Microstructural characterization of metal matrix composites produced by laser additive manufacturing
13.6. Properties and applications of metal matrix composites produced by laser additive manufacturing
13.7. Concluding remarks
Chapter 14. Laser aided metal additive manufacturing and postprocessing: a comprehensive review
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Laser additive metal manufacturing
14.3. Postprocessing techniques for additive manufactured components
14.4. Future scope of laser-based additive manufacturing
Chapter 15. Nanofunctionalized 3D printing
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Nanoenhancement of structural materials
15.3. 3D-printed electronics, optics, and energy conversion devices
15.4. 3D-printed nanocomposites used in medicine
15.5. Additive-manufactured nanofunctionalized surfaces
15.6. Conclusions
Abbreviations
Chapter 16. Additive manufacturing for the automotive industry
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Complementary methods and techniques
16.3. Overview of additive manufacturing applications on automotive production tools
16.4. Hard tools for mass-scale replication of automotive components
16.5. Emerging additive manufacturing applications on automotive components
16.6. Economic impact of additive manufacturing applications on the automotive industry
16.7. Conclusions
Chapter 17. Additive manufacturing of large parts
17.1. Direct laser deposition process simulation
17.2. Residual stresses and distortion in direct laser deposition of large parts
17.3. Technological equipment in direct laser deposition of large parts
17.4. Structure and properties of products obtained by direct laser deposition technology
17.5. Conclusions
Chapter 18. 3D printing of pharmaceutical products
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Pharmaceutical 3D printing technologies
18.3. 3D printing: a new era of personalized medicine
Chapter 19. 3D bioprinting: a step forward in creating engineered human tissues and organs
19.1. Introduction
19.2. Bioprinting technologies
19.3. Bioinks
19.4. Tissue and organ bioprinting
19.5. Limitation and technical challenges
19.6. Conclusions and future directions
Chapter 20. Additive processing of biopolymers for medical applications
20.1. Introduction
20.2. Biopolymers and their biomedical applications
20.3. Summary and need for 3D printing techniques
20.4. Additive manufacturing/3D printing strategies and challenges
20.5. Future and prospects
Chapter 21. Additive manufacturing using space resources
21.1. Additive manufacturing: a tool to support future activities on another planet
21.2. Indigenous space material resources
21.3. Additive manufacturing using indigenous space resources
21.4. The potential of laser-based powder bed fusion additive manufacturing
21.5. Conclusions
Chapter 22. Modeling and simulation of additive manufacturing processes with metallic powders—potentials and limitations demonstrated on application examples
22.1. Introduction
22.2. Selective laser melting and laser metal deposition process cases
22.3. Heat input modeling in case of selective laser melting
22.4. Geometrical accuracy calculation on industrial relevant selective laser melting and laser metal deposition examples
22.5. Potentials and limitation of modeling approaches for additive manufacturing
Index

Juan Pou

Prof. Juan Pou (Ind.Eng., MSc., Ph.D.) holds a professor chair of Applied Physics at the University of Vigo (Spain). He was director of the Research Center for Advanced Industrial Technologies and Processes (2009-2011), and dean of the Faculty of Engineering (2011-2016) at the University of Vigo. He has extensive experience (more than 30 years) in different laser-assisted processes such as LCVD, PLD, laser cladding, cutting, micro/nano fabrication, etc. His current research deals with the additive manufacturing for biomedical applications, developing laser surface treatments for improving implants performance, or laser spinning of bioglass nanowires for bone recovery. Prof. Pou did research stays in the National Physical Laboratory (UK), Fraunhofer-Institut für Lasertechnik (Germany), and Rutgers University (USA). He has been also Invited Professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Columbia University in New York (USA). He is author of 150+ peer-reviewed journal articles, chapter books and patents. In addition, he has participated in more than 50 R&D projects for European Union, Spanish Government, and companies in the field of laser technology. He is the member of various journal’s editorial boards and serves in the scientific committee of many international conferences.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Applied Physics Department, School of Engineering, University of Vigo, Spain

Antonio Riveiro

Dr. Antonio Riveiro is lecturer in the Department of Materials Engineering, Applied Mechanics and Construction (School of Engineering) at University of Vigo (Spain), where he teaches courses on solid mechanics, and laser processing. He received his PhD in Applied Physics (2009) from the University of Vigo, and did postdoctoral stays at University of Manchester (School of Materials), Imperial College London (Department of Materials) and University of Minho (3B's Research Group in Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics). He specializes in laser materials processing, focusing on the application of laser processes for biomedical applications. His research interests also include, laser surface engineering for modification of wetting properties of advanced materials, laser synthesis of micro- and nanomaterials, synthesis and laser processing of bioactive glasses. He is author of 100+ peer-reviewed journal articles, chapter books, and patents. He is editor of Metals, PLOS ONE, and Advances in Materials Science and Engineering journals.

Affiliations and expertise

Lecturer, Department of Materials Engineering, Applied Mechanics and Construction, School of Engineering, University of Vigo, Spain

J. Paulo Davim

Prof. (Dr.) J. Paulo Davim is a Full Professor at the University of Aveiro, Portugal, with over 35 years of experience in Mechanical, Materials, and Industrial Engineering. He holds multiple distinguished academic titles, including a PhD in Mechanical Engineering and a DSc from London Metropolitan University. He has published over 300 books and 600 articles, with more than 36,500 citations. He is ranked among the world's top 2% scientists by Stanford University and holds leadership positions in numerous international journals, conferences, and research projects.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

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Juan Pou

Antonio Riveiro

J. Paulo Davim