Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure, An Issue of Clinics in Liver Disease
- 1st Edition, Volume 27-3 - June 29, 2023
- Editor: Nikolaos T. Pyrsopoulos
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 4 0 3 3 - 7
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 4 0 3 4 - 4
In this issue of Clinics in Liver Disease, guest editor Dr. Nikolaos T. Pyrsopoulos brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure. Recent studies… Read more
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Request a sales quoteIn this issue of Clinics in Liver Disease, guest editor Dr. Nikolaos T. Pyrsopoulos brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure. Recent studies indicate that as many as one in four patients with cirrhosis develop acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and 25% die within one month. This issue, the first devoted to this topic, provides thorough coverage of critical clinical interventions, including diagnosis, treatment, and management. It also focuses on early recognition of ACLF, which is important for the initiation of aggressive management and ultimately, saving lives.
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Contains 17 practice-oriented topics including ACLF: mechanisms of disease and multisystemic involvement; the clinical spectrum and manifestations of ACLF; management of ACLF; maximizing the donor potential for patients with ACLF Listed for Liver Transplant; future approaches and therapeutic modalities for ACLF; and more.
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Provides in-depth clinical reviews of acute-on-chronic liver failure, offering actionable insights for clinical practice.
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Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.
Hepatologists
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Forthcoming Issues
- Preface
- Classification and Epidemiologic Aspects of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
- Key points
- Definition and classification of acute on chronic liver failure
- Definition and classification of acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Disclosure
- Mechanisms of Disease and Multisystemic Involvement
- Key points
- Introduction
- Liver
- Immune system
- Brain
- Kidney
- Hemostasis
- Summary
- Pathology of Acute and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
- Key points
- Introduction
- Acute liver failure
- Acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Disclosure
- Liver Regeneration in Acute on Chronic Liver Failure
- Key points
- Introduction
- Background
- Classical pathways of hepatic regeneration
- Intracellular signaling pathways
- Role of tumor-necrosis factor alpha
- Role of interleukin 6
- Immune regulation in the regenerating liver
- Growth factors
- Epidermal growth factor and its receptor
- Hepatocyte growth factor
- The role of metabolism in liver regeneration
- Platelets and platelet-derived factors
- Paracrine mediators
- Transforming growth factor β
- Hippo/YAP regeneration pathway
- Idea of hepatostat
- The role of microRNAs in liver regeneration
- The role of stem cells
- Acute on chronic liver failure
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Disclosure
- Viral Hepatitis and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
- Key points
- Background
- Clinics care points
- Potential conflicts
- Drug-Induced Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: Challenges and Future Directions
- Key points
- Introduction
- Drug-induced liver injury
- Acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Drug-induced acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Treatment of drug-induced acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Financial support
- Disclosure
- Author contributions
- Nonviral or Drug-Induced Etiologies of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (Autoimmune, Vascular, and Malignant)
- Key points
- Introduction
- Vascular
- Autoimmune
- Malignant
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Disclosure
- Acute on Chronic Liver Failure in Patients with Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis: A Review
- Key points
- Overview of acute on chronic liver failure
- Precipitants of acute on chronic liver failure in patients with alcohol-associated liver disease
- Pathophysiology
- Treatment
- Prognosis
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Disclosure
- Conflicts of interest
- The Clinical Spectrum and Manifestations of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
- Key points
- Introduction
- Clinical manifestations of acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Conflict of interest
- Prognostic Models in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
- Introduction
- Burden of disease
- Predicting mortality in acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Machine learning in predicting mortality for acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Management
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Financial support
- Conflict of interest
- Hepatic Encephalopathy in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
- Introduction
- Pathophysiology of acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Outcomes of patients with hepatic encephalopathy and acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Precipitants
- Alcohol
- Management
- Identifying at-risk patients
- Liver transplant
- Summary
- Funding
- Disclosure
- Bacterial Infections in Acute on Chronic Liver Failure
- Key points
- Introduction
- Pathophysiology of bacterial infections-related acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Bacterial infections as a complication of acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Prevention of bacterial infections
- Management of bacterial infections in acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Financial statement
- Disclosure
- Authors’ contribution
- Management of Portal Hypertension in Patients with Acute-on-Chronic Liver Disease
- Key points
- Introduction
- The effects of nonselective beta-blockers on acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Preemptive transjugular portal-systemic stent shunt and acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Management of portal hypertension-related organ failure in acute-on-chronic liver failure
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- Conflicts of interest
- Liver Transplantation in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
- Key points
- Introduction
- Is acute-on-chronic liver failure reversible? Or is liver transplantation invariably necessary?
- Cause of acute-on-chronic liver failure and liver transplantation
- Challenges with early liver transplantation under model for end-stage liver disease score–based organ allocation system
- Predictors of waitlist mortality
- Who would benefit from liver transplantation?
- Bridging a patient with acute-on-chronic liver failure to liver transplantation
- Who would not benefit from liver transplantation or the futility of liver transplantation in acute-on-chronic liver failure?
- Optimal donor and transplant center
- What is the ideal timing of liver transplantation in acute-on-chronic liver failure?
- Long-term outcomes of liver transplantation in acute-on-chronic transplantation
- Post-liver transplantation immunosuppression
- Future directions
- Clinics care points
- Disclosures
- Maximizing the Donor Potential for Patients with Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Listed for Liver Transplant
- Key points
- Introduction
- Ischemia-reperfusion injury with static cold storage in liver transplantation
- Hypothermic machine perfusion in liver transplantation
- Normothermic machine perfusion in liver transplantation
- Challenges in the era of ex vivo liver machine perfusion
- Summary
- Disclosure
- Future Approaches and Therapeutic Modalities for Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
- Key points
- Introduction
- Liver artificial assist devices
- Bioartificial liver support systems
- Cellular transplantation
- Other emerging medical therapies
- Summary
- Clinics care points
- No. of pages: 240
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Volume: 27-3
- Published: June 29, 2023
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Hardback ISBN: 9780323940337
- eBook ISBN: 9780323940344
NP
Nikolaos T. Pyrsopoulos
Affiliations and expertise
Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, University Hospital