A Thermo-Economic Approach to Energy from Waste

1st Edition - October 26, 2021
Authors: Anand Ramanathan, Meera Sheriffa Begum, Amaro Olimpio Pereira, Claude Cohen
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 3 5 7 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 5 9 1 1 - 0

A Thermo-Economic Approach to Energy From Waste provides readers with the tools to analyze the effectiveness of biomass waste conversion into value-added products and how thermoche… Read more

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A Thermo-Economic Approach to Energy From Waste provides readers with the tools to analyze the effectiveness of biomass waste conversion into value-added products and how thermochemical conversion methods can be commercialized with minimum environmental impact. The book provides a comprehensive overview of biomass conversion technologies through pyrolysis, including the types of reactors available, reactor mechanisms, and the upgradation of bio-oil.

Case studies are provided on waste disposal in selected favelas (slums) of Rio de Janeiro, including data on subnormal clusters and analyses of solid waste in the 37 slums of Catumbi. Step-by-step guidance is provided on how to use a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach to analyze the potential impact of various waste-to-energy conversion technologies, and a brief overview of the common applications of LCA in other geographical locations is presented, including United States, Europe, China, and Brazil. Finally, waste-to-value-added functional catalysts for the transesterification process in biodiesel production are discussed alongside various other novel technologies for biodiesel production, process simulation, and techno-economic analysis of biodiesel production.

Bringing together research and real-world case studies from an LCA perspective, the book provides an ideal reference for researchers and practitioners interested in waste-to-energy conversion, LCA, and the sustainable production of bioenergy.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
About the authors
Preface
Acronyms and abbreviations
Chapter 1. Pyrolysis of waste biomass: toward sustainable development
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Component of lignocellulosic biomasses
1.3 Types of pyrolysis
1.4 Mechanism of pyrolysis
1.5 Reactor configurations
1.6 Upgradation techniques for pyrolyzed bio-oil
1.7 Energy recovery for heating or process applications
1.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Biomass pyrolysis system based on life cycle assessment and Aspen plus analysis and kinetic modeling
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Current Indian scenario of waste-to-energy conversion technologies
2.3 From biomass to biofuel through pyrolysis
2.4 Life cycle assessment methodology for pyrolysis-based bio-oil production
2.5 Aspen plus approach to biomass pyrolysis system
2.6 Kinetics of biomass pyrolysis
2.7 Isoconversional techniques
2.8 Other kinetic models
2.9 Application of biomass pyrolysis products
2.10 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3. Biomass gasification integrated with Fischer–Tropsch reactor: techno-economic approach
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Surplus biomass available in India
3.3 Pretreatment of biomass
3.4 Kinetics of biomass gasification for syngas generation
3.5 Gasification integrated with Fischer–Tropsch reactor
3.6 Techno-economic analysis of Fischer–Tropsch reactor with biomass gasification
3.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4. Energy recovery from biomass through gasification technology
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Thermochemical conversion
4.3 Production and use of aquatic biomass
4.4 Lignocellulose biomass pretreatment
4.5 Bioconversion and downstream processing of biomass-derived molecules’ conversion to chemicals
4.6 Energy recovery for heating or process applications
4.7 Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass–derived intermediates lignin biorefinery biogas from waste biomass
4.8 Parameters affecting anaerobic digestion process
4.9 The concept of gasification and its types of reactors
4.10 Life cycle analysis of gasification process
4.11 Aspen plus approach to the biomass gasification system
4.12 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5. Life Cycle Assessment applied to waste-to-energy technologies
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 What is life cycle assessment?
5.3 Use of LCA to analyze waste-to-energy technologies
5.4 Highlights in LCA studies for waste-to-energy technologies
5.5 Main results found in the literature
5.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6. Waste disposal in selected favelas (slums) of Rio de Janeiro
Abstract
6.1 Historical background
6.2 Survey and study of solid waste in 37 slums and in Catumbi
6.3 Final considerations
References
Chapter 7. Transesterification process of biodiesel production from nonedible vegetable oil sources using catalysts from waste sources
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Biodiesel production as an alternative source of energy
7.3 Transesterification: reaction and mechanism
7.4 Catalysts
7.5 Hydrocarbon feed stocks for biodiesel
7.6 Various novel technologies for biodiesel production
7.7 Techno-economic analysis of biodiesel production
7.8 Perspectives and conclusion
References
Index

Anand Ramanathan

Dr.Ramanathan Anand, is an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at National Institute of Technology, Trichy. Area of specialization involves Internal Combustion Engines, Alternative Fuels, Waste to Energy conversion, Emission Control and Fuel cells. He is the recipient of Australian Endeavour Fellow and worked on solar fuels at Australian National University at Canberra, Australia from July to October 2015. He has received various sponsored projects from GTRE-DRDO, DST-SERB, DST-YSS, DST-UKERI, MHRD, and SPARC. He has received Indo-Brazil collaborated project in the area of the thermochemical conversion process with Life Cycle Assessment under the SPARC scheme. He has contributed several paper publications in renowned international journals. He has filed 7 Indian patents. He has also contributed 12 book chapters in a renowned publication (Elsevier & Springer). received several projects from GTRE-DRDO, DST-SERB, DST-YSS, DST-UKERI, MHRD, and SPARC. Involvement in professionally related activities and administrative responsibilities to serve the community.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli – Tamil Nadu, India.

Meera Sheriffa Begum

Dr.Meera Sheriffa Begum K.M, graduated from Anna University, Chennai. She has got industrial experience at “Chennai Petroleum Corporation Ltd” (Formerly Madras Refineries Ltd) at R&D division as “MRL Research Fellow” from 1991-95. She is currently professor at Department of Chemical Engineering. She has received many best paper awards in international conferences, granted two patents, several publications in renowned international journals. Co-authored three chemical Engineering text books published by PHI, India. She has contributed research, sponsored and consultancy projects towards Sustainable environment and energy funded by MHRD, DST and CSIR and SPARC. Undertaken research training at NUS, Singapore through TEQIP. She has executed Industrial consultancy projects for wastewater treatment in Trichy Distilleries, Dairy industry, Textile industry, and Tamilnadu Paper Ltd., using functional materials towards sustainability. Also, Blended biodiesel development and its execution on Southern Railways.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli –Tamil Nadu, India.

Amaro Olimpio Pereira

Prof. Amaro Olimpio Pereira Junior is an Economist, Ph.D. in Energy Planning from Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. He worked as technical advisor of the Energy and Environment Department at Energy Research Company (EPE), in Brazil; Visiting Professor at University Pierre Mendès-France in Grenoble, France and at University of Texas at Austin, Texas. He also worked as Research Fellow at CIRED (Centre International de Recherche sur l’Environement et Dévélopement), in France. Currently, he is Associated Professor of the Energy Planning Program of the Institute of Graduate Studies in Engineering at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (PPE/COPPE/UFRJ), researcher at CentroClima, director of the Institute for Strategic Development of the Energy Sector – ILUMINA and member of the permanent technical committee at LIFE. He is author of books, book chapters and several papers in international journals.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Energy Planning, Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.

Claude Cohen

Prof. Claude Cohen, obtained her PhD in Energy Planning from the Energy Planning Programme at The Federal University of Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ and a Master's Degree in Development Economics from the University of Paris X Nanterre and currently a professor at the Faculty of Economics at UFF and a permanent professor at the Research and Extension Center About the Judiciary and PPGA. Coordinator of the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies of Environment and Society (NIMAS) that integrates the Center for Studies on Inequality and Development (NIME). She has an experience in Economics, with emphasis on Environmental Economics, working mainly on the following themes: sustainable development, climate change, energy saving, residential energy consumption, energy consumption patterns, energy consumption Energy in favelas. She is the author of books, book chapters and several papers in international journals.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Department of Economics Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.