Biomass Conversion and High-Value Utilization provides the theoretical foundations, methods, and latest applications on the conversion and utilization of biomass for bioenergy, biofuels, energy storage, and high-value products. The book combines the preparation methods, physical and chemical properties measurement methods, and specific applications of products from biomass via thermal, catalytic, and biological technologies. Divided into two parts, Part I examines the efficient conversion of biomass resources, explaining key concepts, methods, and technological bottlenecks. Part II explores the versatile utilization of functional carbon materials derived from biomass, including catalysts for biodiesel production, metal-air batteries, electrochemical sensors, and wearable electronics. Finally, the book provides an extensive review of each technology; each technology-specific chapter reviews the current and future market demand of the technology, evaluates the economic feasibility of the technology, including cost effectiveness, return on investment, profit forecast, etc., discusses the unique advantages of the technology compared to existing common methods or other alternative technologies, considers the feasibility and practicability of the technology in actual industrial production, and explains the regulatory and environmental requirements and limitations of the technology. Biomass Conversion and High-Value Utilization is an invaluable resource for researchers and students involved in biomass conversion to high-value fuels and other products, and will be of interest to anyone working in bioenergy, biofuels, energy storage, catalysis, electronics and devices, and functional carbon materials.
Additive Manufacturing of Magnetic Materials: Techniques, Materials, Applications, Opportunities and Challenges outlines different 3D printing techniques that can be employed to create an array of different magnetic materials, along with how these materials can be effectively applied. The book discusses the additive manufacturing (AM) of soft magnets, permanent (hard) magnets, 4D magnetic shape memory alloys, magnetocaloric materials, and rare earth based magnetic alloys. Different AM techniques are covered, including laser powder bed fusion, directed laser deposition, binder jetting, cold spray, and the different influences of these techniques on the microstructure of the material produced.Common challenges are highlighted with solutions also provided, and applications covered include magnetic shielding, actuators, sensors, robotics, and magnetic heat exchangers for solid state heat pumps.
Shield machines have long been used in tunnelling as a result of their high reliability, high efficiency and high value-added, providing a fast digging speed, high construction quality and low impact on the surrounding environment. However, with the rapid development of new-generation information technologies, big data, artificial intelligence technology, the field of shield equipment offers even greater potential. This book explores that potential, combining both theoretical and practical engineering applications of the new technologies
The Decentralized Hydrogen Revolution Using Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and Blockchain is a unique and comprehensive resource that addresses the dynamic intersection of decentralized hydrogen communities and advanced technologies. The book provides a guide to understanding the transformative potential of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and blockchain in the context of decentralized hydrogen, from foundational principles to advanced applications. It provides practical insights into addressing environmental concerns, integrating innovative technologies, and formulating effective policies. The book begins by introducing decentralized hydrogen communities, their principles, and significance in sustainable energy. It differentiates hydrogen from fossil fuels, highlighting environmental benefits and the inclusive nature of decentralized hydrogen production. The exploration continues with electrolysis for hydrogen generation, types of electrolyzers, working principles, technological advancements, and their environmental and economic impacts. The role of fuel cells in clean energy is covered next, detailing types, advancements, integration in various applications, and environmental and economic impacts. The discussion then shifts to advanced Artificial Intelligence algorithms in hydrogen production, focusing on AI integration, smart production mechanisms, predictive analytics, and cybersecurity challenges. Blockchain trust in hydrogen networks is examined, emphasizing blockchain integration, trust and transparency, and smart contracts. The book also discusses Internet of Things connectivity for optimizing hydrogen systems and technologies, covering IoT integration, devices, real-time monitoring, and future trends. Economic considerations and policy frameworks in hydrogen production are addressed, including economic viability, policy implications, financial incentives, and regulatory challenges. Finally, the book summarises key insights, benefits, challenges, and the role of decentralized hydrogen communities in global energy. Decentralized Hydrogen: Using Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and Blockchain is an invaluable reference for researchers, scientists, industry professionals, and policymakers involved in the hydrogen economy and will also be of interest to students seeking an overview of the subject.
Chalcone is one of the most versatile scaffolds with wide range of applications. It is used as a precursor for diverse classes of organic molecules, natural flavonoids and possesses interesting biological activities and physical properties like semiconductor, non-linear optical, fluorescence, and electronic properties to name a few. Chalcones have been the subject of intense research due to their biological activities and the ability to tweak their biological activity and other properties by small changes along the a, b-unsaturated backbone. Besides their inherent biological activities, they have found uses in food industry and cosmetic industry as additives, due to their UV protection properties. They have also found applications as chemosensors and probes. These diverse features make chalcones one of the most fascinating molecules Chalcones and their Derivatives: From Synthesis to Applications features this molecule, different methods and approaches to synthesis, significance of this scaffold in biology, and other diverse fields. It serves as a comprehensive literature guide for researchers and a reference material for the postgraduate students involved with the development and use of chalcone based molecules.
Fatigue in Composites: Science, Damage Mechanics, and Design Applications, Second Edition provides an authoritative review of current knowledge on the fatigue behavior of composites. The book covers a wide range of different problems encountered by designers in the automotive, marine, and structural engineering industries. Sections cover methodologies and the response of materials under cyclic loadings, present more advanced topics such as the response of materials under in-service or extreme conditions, include theoretical developments and modeling approaches, and present industrial cases and applications in different fields of engineering.Fatigue in Composites: Science, Damage Mechanics, and Design Applications, Second Edition provides an authoritative review of current knowledge on the fatigue behavior of composites. The book covers a wide range of different problems encountered by designers in the automotive, marine, and structural engineering industries. Sections cover methodologies and the response of materials under cyclic loadings, present more advanced topics such as the response of materials under in-service or extreme conditions, include theoretical developments and modeling approaches, and present industrial cases and applications in different fields of engineering.Leading scientists from academia and industry have prepared the different chapters. Particular care has been devoted to coordinating the content, style, and philosophy behind the various chapters, with a central aim of providing a consistent and coherent approach. Several new topics have been included that were not available in the first edition in view of recent advances, such as the availability of new investigation techniques and the development of new areas of activity.
Artificial intelligence in Biomaterials Design and Development explores the importance of artificial intelligence, especially machine learning methods, in the development of new biomaterials. Challenges in biomaterials development, such as chemical waste, space and lack of appropriate tools have impeded the rapid design and synthesis of versatile biomaterials. Machine learning enhances the discovery and development process, increasing throughput and reducing time, costs, and wastage. Novel generative models can generate novel molecular structures with desired properties, which make inverse materials design more feasible.Artificial intelligence in Biomaterials Design and Development offers a much-needed exploration of how AI and machine learning can be utilized for rapid and accurate development of novel biomaterials. This book will be of interest to academics and researchers working in the fields of materials science, machine/deep learning, computational engineering, biomedical engineering, and data science.
Flow assurance is critical for effective design and operation of hydrocarbon production and transmission systems. The aim is to ensure safe and economical flow of hydrocarbon fluids from the source to the markets. As future development of hydrocarbon resources moves into more challenging environments, the importance of flow assurance is becoming more asserted.Written by an internationally recognized team of experts, Flow Assurance in Pipelines: A Reference Guide is a unique, well-researched, and comprehensive work in the flow assurance discipline that addresses the stages of a flow assurance study and identifies how they relate to the pipeline system design and operation. This book is a fundamental resource for flow assurance engineers, pipeline engineers, operators, and production chemists, providing a detailed explanation of basic flow assurance issues that can arise in the pipeline systems and discusses practical methods to solve those issues, safely and cost effectively.
Smart Halloysite Nanotubes: Fundamentals and Applications takes its users on a journey that starts with a fundamental understanding and leads through the presentation of current research results to the latest developments and possibilities of applied use. An interesting discussion on commercialization strategies for the material concludes the 4-part manuscript, which is also complemented by an ancillary graphical abstract. Written by expert authors, the book is an essential reference for students and professional scientists or engineers in equal measure. Due to their distinctive characteristics, HNTs have garnered more and more attention by the scientific community in both academia and industry in recent years.
Electric and Electronic Applications of Metal Oxides provides a comprehensive guide to the use of metal oxides in a variety of electronic and electric applications. The book delivers a thorough understanding of the fundamental properties of metal oxides and their use across a wide range of electronic devices, including Schottky diodes, p–n diodes, thin-film transistors, field effect transistors, Mott-transition field effect transistors, varistors, high-K dielectric capacitors, devices with electron emission, cold cathodes, microelectronic technology, high-power and high-temperature electronics, transparent and flexible electronics, resistive switching memory, spintronics, magnetic memory, and piezoelectric devices.In addition, the book covers the latest advances and offers a glimpse of future prospects and challenges in the field. The book is a valuable resource for researchers, graduate students, and professionals working in the field of materials science, chemistry, physics, and engineering.