Books in Physics

3091-3100 of 3493 results in All results

Light Emission from Silicon

1st Edition
J.-C. Vial + 2 more
English

An important characteristic of the scientific activity surrounding the light emission from silicon is its ability to progress quickly in many different directions and to open new questions as soon as it is tried to answer others. Researchers have now the choice between different and concurrent explanations of the visible light emission. The characterisation of the material and optical properties are more and more advanced. New silicon structures show similar properties. Abinitio calculations are able to handle some aspects of the light emission. The application of porous silicon for electro-optical devices also shows progress, the efficiency of electroluminescence has been enhanced and it can be tuned continuously over the whole visible range, the photoluminesence can be modulated by an external voltage, etc. All these aspects and numerous others are presented in this book.

Nuclear Magnetic Double Resonance

1st Edition
B. Maraviglia
English

The evolution of the magnetic-resonance area is expanding all the time with respect both to the theoretical foundations and to the applied research in more and more fields. Magnetic double resonances were introduced some decades ago with immediate impact on several subjects. The example of the Overhauser effect with its theoretical and practical consequences is sufficient to stress the role of double resonances, which have spread to almost every section of magnetic resonances. The dynamic field of space-resolved NMR, both with NMR imaging and in vivo spectroscopy, has not yet taken advantage of all double-resonance methods used in spectroscopy. There is also great interest in the development of advanced methodologies. For these reasons an advanced school was organised in which these issues were addressed.The resulting book covers Pound-Overhauser double resonance, cross-relaxation and spin coherence double resonance together with spin decoupling dynamics and other fundamental concepts. Equal attention is given to several applications of liquids and solids, but first applications of double resonances to space-resolved double NMR like heteronuclear imaging, proton-electron double-resonance imaging, etc. receive special attention.

Towards the Harnessing of Chaos

1st Edition
M. Yamaguti
English

Since the findings of R. May in 1974, chaos has become a popular subject of research in many science fields such as mathematics, physics, biology and chemistry. Recently it has been suggested that chaos may provide some applications in engineering fields. The word "harnessing" chosen in the title of this book is meant to suggest the taming of chaos, which seems to act like a living thing. This collection of papers presents a unique up-to-date review of the various applications of chaos in different fields.

Photo-reactive Materials for Ultrahigh Density Optical Memory

1st Edition
Masahiro Irie
English

This book is the project research report of the Photo-reactive Materials Research and Development Program undertaken from 1985 to 1993. The main purpose of this project was to reveal the potential of photon-mode ultra-high density optical memory. Information storage technologies, which provide high memory density, high capacity, and fast access, are indispensable to a highly developed information-based society. Although, at present, magnetic recording dominates mass memories, it is being challenged on several fronts by optical recording. Some of the main achievements listed in this volume include: multiple optical recording performed at room temperature by using a multi-layered structure of photochromic dye aggregates; an efficient photongated PHB compound newly synthesized and the development of a new light-triggered liquid crystal device.This book contains new knowledge which will be of much significance to researchers in this field.

Frontiers in Laser Spectroscopy

1st Edition
T.W. Hänsch + 1 more
English

The field of general laser spectroscopy is being revolutionized by often dramatic advances in the technology of tunable sources, including the important trend towards miniaturization and towards reliable solid-state devices. The range of laser spectroscopy is expanding to include many more interdisciplinary applications, ranging from surface science to astrophysics. Laser spectroscopy can reveal new phenomena such as parity violation. It can rival and complement experiments with giant particle accelerators. The field of quantum optics has seen very significant advances in the state of the art. It has become possible to experiment with just a few quanta of the electromagnetic field, and fascinating new ideas, such as quantum-nondemolition measurements of photon numbers, have emerged. Laser spectroscopy is even beginning to shed light on the still elusive relationship between quantum mechanics and classical deterministic chaos.This Enrico Fermi school, in keeping with the tradition of previous schools on this subject, covers the important developments made in the field of spectroscopy at a time when advances in the state-of-the-art had reached a critical point.

An Exploration of Chaos

1st Edition
Volume 7
G. Faust + 2 more
English

This volume is intended as a detailed introduction to the theory of chaos and is addressed to physicists and engineers who wish to be acquainted with this new and exciting science associated with non-linear deterministic systems. Mathematics are a pre-requisite tool.

Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths

1st Edition
Volume 20
May 23, 1995
K.A. Gschneidner + 1 more
English

Volume 20 completes the second decade of volumes in this series and focuses on the physical aspects of metallic compounds. Research efforts on metallic rare earth compounds started in earnest about 50 years ago and received a significant boost with the discovery of the RCo5 permanent magnets about 12 years later. During this time much has been learned about the structure as well as the electrical, magnetic and thermal properties of approximately 2500 binary rare earth metallic compounds. However, if one considers the possible true ternary compounds and possible pseudo-binary ternary alloys formed by mixing two binary compounds, there is still a wealth of knowledge to be obtained from these still-to-be discovered materials. This volume makes a start in this direction.Chapter one deals with the Fermi surfaces of rare earth (Y, La, Ce,Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd and Yb) intermetallic compounds. It begins with an introduction to the relevant theories required to describe the electrons near the Fermi surface and then to the basic experimental techniques to study these surfaces. The main portion of the chapter is devoted to a comparison of the experimental results with the band structure calculations for a large number of compounds.Chapter two examines the world of thin films of rare earth metals, alloys and compounds. The three main topics covered are the pure metals themselves, metallic alloys and compounds, and metalloid compounds. The next chapter is devoted to hydrogen in metals and their binary compounds RH2 and RH3. One of the critical problems is the purity of the starting rare earth metal itself because phase relations can be greatly affected by impurities and attention istherefore paid to the preparation of specimens and the phase diagrams. Structural properties, kinetics and thermodynamic behavior, as well as electronic, magnetic and thermal properties are reviewed as well. Also examined is the profound influence of hydrogen on the magnetic properties by the mediation of RKKY interaction in these materials. The final chapter is an update on the magnetic behaviors of lanthanide intermetallic compounds, anarea which has seen many new developments in the last 15 years. The chapter is divided into two main parts. Part one is devoted to 3d magnetism where both the 3d metal and lanthanide element contribute to the magnetic behavior, and the second part is concerned with lanthanide magnetism itself.

Resonant Anomalous X-Ray Scattering

1st Edition
C.J. Sparks + 2 more
English

The collected articles in this book written by recognized experts in the field explore the theoretical and experimental insights and applications of the rapidly expanding science of x-ray resonant interactions. The variety of papers presented reflects the theoretical and experimental progress made possible with tunable, polarized and highly brilliant synchrotron radiation sources. In a rapidly changing field this book provides a single selected reference source on the present understanding of x-ray resonance scattering and its many applications. A detailed subject index provides easy access to the many topics covered by the authors who list over 1000 references.

Stimulated Deposition Processes and Materials Aspects of Ion Beam Synthesis

1st Edition
H. Freller + 5 more
English

This volume contains the proceedings of Symposium C: Ion Beam, Plasma, Laser, and Thermally-Stimulated Deposition Processes and Symposium G: Material Aspects of Ion Beam Synthesis: Phase Formation and Modification of the E-MRS 1993 Spring conference.Symposium C covers recent trends in the field of deposition processes stimulated by low energy particle beams and shows the wide range of materials which can be modified advantageously by energetic ion and photon bombardment. Topics covered include: sputter-deposition processes; low energy ion-assisted deposition processes and thermally-activitated CVD processes; ion beam-assisted deposition and laser beam-induced modifications of materials.Symposium G brought together scientists and engineers working in similar fields to stimulate further investigations not only of SIMOX but of other materials systems and applications. The topics covered include: recent developments in the science and technology of silicide formation; mechanisms responsible for secondary defect formation in SIMOX materials; the formation and role of synthesised altered layers during surface analysis.

Gravitation and Quantizations

1st Edition
B. Julia + 1 more
English

Quantum field theory over a fixed geometry provides, at present, the most fundamental description of physical phenomena except for gravitation, which requires a fluctuating (pseudo-)Riemannian structure. The aim of this book is to combine the work of the two communities of field theorists and general relativists, thus fostering cooperation and progress. Traditional domains of interaction have been perturbation theory, special solutions, black hole evaporation and more recently, cosmology. Future avenues which are becoming discernible are: measurement theory and the analysis of the frontier between the classical domains and quantum situations; classical space-time as a derived concept (twister program, string theory, Ashtekar variables ....), string field theory and hidden symmetries for extended objects; algebraic field theory and non-commutative geometry.