Books in Mathematical logic and foundations

1-10 of 141 results in All results

The Nuts and Bolts of Proofs

• 5th Edition
• January 5, 2023
• Antonella Cupillari
• English
• Paperback 978-0-323-99020-2

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• eBook 978-0-323-99021-9

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The Nuts and Bolts of Proofs: An Introduction to Mathematical Proofs, Fifth Edition provides basic logic of mathematical proofs and how they work. The book offers techniques for both reading and writing proofs, discusses techniques in proving if/then statements by contrapositive and proofing by contradiction, includes the negation statement, and/or, examines various theorems, such as the if and only-if, equivalence theorems, existence theorems, and the uniqueness theorems. In addition, the use of counter examples, mathematical induction, composite statements including multiple hypothesis and multiple conclusions, and equality of numbers are also covered. The book also provides mathematical topics for practicing proof techniques. Included here are the Cartesian products, indexed families, functions, and relations. The last chapter of the book provides review exercises on various topics. Undergraduate students in engineering and physical science will find this book accessible as well as invaluable.

Calculus for Engineering Students

• 1st Edition
• August 10, 2020
• Jesus Martin Vaquero + 3 more
• English
• Paperback 978-0-12-817210-0

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• eBook 978-0-12-817211-7

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Calculus for Engineering Students: Fundamentals, Real Problems, and Computers insists that mathematics cannot be separated from chemistry, mechanics, electricity, electronics, automation, and other disciplines. It emphasizes interdisciplinary problems as a way to show the importance of calculus in engineering tasks and problems. While concentrating on actual problems instead of theory, the book uses Computer Algebra Systems (CAS) to help students incorporate lessons into their own studies. Assuming a working familiarity with calculus concepts, the book provides a hands-on opportunity for students to increase their calculus and mathematics skills while also learning about engineering applications.

Optimization Theory Based on Neutrosophic and Plithogenic Sets

• 1st Edition
• January 14, 2020
• Florentin Smarandache + 1 more
• English
• Paperback 978-0-12-819670-0

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• eBook 978-0-12-819908-4

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Optimization Theory Based on Neutrosophic and Plithogenic Sets presents the state-of-the-art research on neutrosophic and plithogenic theories and their applications in various optimization fields. Its table of contents covers new concepts, methods, algorithms, modelling, and applications of green supply chain, inventory control problems, assignment problems, transportation problem, nonlinear problems and new information related to optimization for the topic from the theoretical and applied viewpoints in neutrosophic sets and logic.

Matrix Logic

• 1st Edition
• June 28, 2014
• A. Stern
• English
• eBook 978-1-4832-9549-7

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In this pioneering work, the author develops a fundamental formulation of logic in terms of theory of matrices and vector spaces. The discovery of matrix logic represents a landmark in the further formalization of logic. For the first time the power of direct mathematical computation is applied to the whole set of logic operations, allowing the derivation of both the classical and modal logics from the same formal base.The new formalism allows the author to enlarge the alphabet of the truth-values with negative logic antivalues and to link matrix logic descriptions with the Dirac formulation of quantum theory - a result having fundamental implications and repercussions for science as a whole.As a unified language which permits a logical examination of the underlying phenomena of quantum field theory and vice versa, matrix logic opens new avenues for the study of fundamental interactions and gives rise to a revolutionary conclusion that physics as such can be viewed and studied as a logic in the fundamental sense.Finally, modelling itself on exact sciences, matrix logic does not refute the classical logic but instead incorporates it as a special deterministic limit. The book requires multidisciplinary knowledge and will be of interest to physicists, mathematicians, computer scientists and engineers.

Topoi

• 2nd Edition
• Volume 98
• June 28, 2014
• R. Goldblatt
• English
• eBook 978-1-4832-9921-1

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The first of its kind, this book presents a widely accessible exposition of topos theory, aimed at the philosopher-logician as well as the mathematician. It is suitable for individual study or use in class at the graduate level (it includes 500 exercises). It begins with a fully motivated introduction to category theory itself, moving always from the particular example to the abstract concept. It then introduces the notion of elementary topos, with a wide range of examples and goes on to develop its theory in depth, and to elicit in detail its relationship to Kripke's intuitionistic semantics, models of classical set theory and the conceptual framework of sheaf theory (``localization'' of truth). Of particular interest is a Dedekind-cuts style construction of number systems in topoi, leading to a model of the intuitionistic continuum in which a ``Dedekind-real'' becomes represented as a ``continuously-variable classical real number''.The second edition contains a new chapter, entitled Logical Geometry, which introduces the reader to the theory of geometric morphisms of Grothendieck topoi, and its model-theoretic rendering by Makkai and Reyes. The aim of this chapter is to explain why Deligne's theorem about the existence of points of coherent topoi is equivalent to the classical Completeness theorem for ``geometric'' first-order formulae.

Essentials of Elementary School Mathematics

• 1st Edition
• May 12, 2014
• Max D. Larsen + 1 more
• English
• eBook 978-1-4832-6488-2

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Essentials of Elementary School Mathematics is an introductory text on the essentials of mathematics taught in elementary schools. It presents a systematic development of the mathematics of arithmetic. A primary objective is to give students a background sufficient to understand and answer at an appropriate level the various quite penetrating questions asked by young students. Some examples and exercises are concerned primarily with pedagogical aspects of arithmetic. Comprised of 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the language of mathematics, focusing on concepts such as the conjunction (and); negation (not); disjunction (or); and conditional (if...then...). The discussion then turns to the theory of sets; the concept of binary operations; and recognition and identification of properties of various relations. The next section deals with the number systems of arithmetic: whole numbers, integers, rational numbers, and real numbers. Number theory and clock arithmetic are also examined, along with counting techniques and probability. The final section is devoted to motion geometry and analytic geometry. This monograph should be of interest to students and teachers of mathematicians at the elementary level.

Philosophy and Foundations of Mathematics

• 1st Edition
• May 12, 2014
• A. Heyting
• English
• eBook 978-1-4832-7815-5

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L.E.J. Brouwer: Collected Works, Volume 1: Philosophy and Foundations of Mathematics focuses on the principles, operations, and approaches promoted by Brouwer in studying the philosophy and foundations of mathematics. The publication first ponders on the construction of mathematics. Topics include arithmetic of integers, negative numbers, measurable continuum, irrational numbers, Cartesian geometry, similarity group, characterization of the linear system of the Cartesian or Euclidean and hyperbolic space, and non-Archimedean uniform groups on the one-dimensional continuum. The book then examines mathematics and experience and mathematics and logic. Topics include denumerably unfinished sets, continuum problem, logic of relations, consistency proofs for formal systems independent of their interpretation, infinite numbers, and problems of space and time. The text is a valuable reference for students, mathematicians, and researchers interested in the contributions of Brouwer in the studies on the philosophy and foundations of mathematics.

The Mathematical Foundations of the Finite Element Method with Applications to Partial Differential Equations

• 1st Edition
• May 10, 2014
• A. K. Aziz
• English
• eBook 978-1-4832-6798-2

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The Mathematical Foundations of the Finite Element Method with Applications to Partial Differential Equations is a collection of papers presented at the 1972 Symposium by the same title, held at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County Campus. This symposium relates considerable numerical analysis involved in research in both theoretical and practical aspects of the finite element method. This text is organized into three parts encompassing 34 chapters. Part I focuses on the mathematical foundations of the finite element method, including papers on theory of approximation, variational principles, the problems of perturbations, and the eigenvalue problem. Part II covers a large number of important results of both a theoretical and a practical nature. This part discusses the piecewise analytic interpolation and approximation of triangulated polygons; the Patch test for convergence of finite elements; solutions for Dirichlet problems; variational crimes in the field; and superconvergence result for the approximate solution of the heat equation by a collocation method. Part III explores the many practical aspects of finite element method. This book will be of great value to mathematicians, engineers, and physicists.

The Nuts and Bolts of Proofs

• 4th Edition
• November 25, 2011
• Antonella Cupillari
• English
• Paperback 978-0-12-382217-8

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• eBook 978-0-12-382218-5

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The Nuts and Bolts of Proofs: An Introduction to Mathematical Proofs provides basic logic of mathematical proofs and shows how mathematical proofs work. It offers techniques for both reading and writing proofs. The second chapter of the book discusses the techniques in proving if/then statements by contrapositive and proofing by contradiction. It also includes the negation statement, and/or. It examines various theorems, such as the if and only-if, or equivalence theorems, the existence theorems, and the uniqueness theorems. In addition, use of counter examples, mathematical induction, composite statements including multiple hypothesis and multiple conclusions, and equality of numbers are covered in this chapter. The book also provides mathematical topics for practicing proof techniques. Included here are the Cartesian products, indexed families, functions, and relations. The last chapter of the book provides review exercises on various topics. Undergraduate students in engineering and physical science will find this book invaluable.

Southeast Asian Conference on Logic

• 1st Edition
• October 10, 2011
• C.-T. Chong + 1 more
• English
• eBook 978-0-08-096037-1

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The visit of Gerald Sacks to the National University of Singapore in 1981 provided an opportunity to organize a shortconference in Mathematical Logic. We were fortunate to receive encouragement and material support for this venture from several sources. Specific acknowledgements are made below. Sponsorship of the conference by the Association for Symbolic Logic was received and gave added inspiration. A final word in this connexion concerns the debt we owe to invited speakers who were able to provide for travel expenses from their own resources. Their presence at the conference would not have been possible otherwise. The publication of these Proceedings came about through an initiative of North Holland. The progress in producing the volume has been somewhat fitful, and we appreciate their forbearance and understanding. The items herein, with some exceptions, are written versions of invited talks given at the conference. Abstracts of contributed papers have appeared in the Journal of Symbolic Logic. The two workshops: in Recursion Theory by Mark Tamthai and Model Theory by Chris Ash, which were held in conjunction with the conference, are not recorded. We were fortunate to receive editorial assistance from John Bell during his visit to NUS. A great debt is owed to Mimi Bell and Madam Lam for producing the splendid typescript for the volume.