While technological advancement leads to societal benefits in terms of economic growth, it also brings with it challenges in its impact on the environment or human health. Sustainable development seeks a uniform means of comparing the economic benefits with the environmental and health costs associated with the implementation of a new technology.This revised encyclopedia investigates sustainability initiatives across a range of industries, providing insight into future opportunities for technological development. A broad spectrum of human challenges have only become more intense since publication of the first edition. For example, climate change is now observed across the globe as a contributor to large scale weather events, including extreme drought in Australia, intense wildfires in California, and flooding along the great rivers of Africa, North and South America. Land in the Amazon rain forest is destroyed to provide increased cropland, contributing to climate change. Expansion of the use of biomass as a raw material in chemical processing leads to food shortages. In many cases, these challenges have the greatest impact on the poorest nations, and the most polluting manufacturing facilities are located in the poorest communities, demonstrating social justice challenges.Encyclopedia of Sustainable Technologies, Four Volume Set provides a comprehensive analysis of the challenges of modern technology, and the innovations that are leading to better use of limited resources and improved resiliency as we learn to adapt to a changing world. Each chapter examines in depth a technological solution to support a specific human need, evaluates it relative to its impacts on the environment and human health, and considers the social justice issues underlying its development.The new edition provides a stronger link between manufacturing and climate change, updates on new technologies for the generation, distribution and storage of energy, new concepts in resiliency and modularity that have changed manufacturing and chemical processes, and emphasizes the trade-offs required to obtain desired products while minimizing environmental impact.
Encyclopedia of Sustainable Technologies, Eight Volume Set provides an authoritative assessment of the sustainable technologies that are currently available or in development. Sustainable technology includes the scientific understanding, development and application of a wide range of technologies and processes and their environmental implications. Systems and lifecycle analyses of energy systems, environmental management, agriculture, manufacturing and digital technologies provide a comprehensive method for understanding the full sustainability of processes. In addition, the development of clean processes through green chemistry and engineering techniques are also described. The book is the first multi-volume reference work to employ both Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) and Triple Bottom Line (TBL) approaches to assessing the wide range of technologies available and their impact upon the world. Both approaches are long established and widely recognized, playing a key role in the organizing principles of this valuable work.
Biotechnology for Biofuel Production and Optimization is the compilation of current research findings that cover the entire process of biofuels production from manipulation of genes and pathways to organisms and renewable feedstocks for efficient biofuel production as well as different cultivation techniques and process scale-up considerations. This book captures recent breakthroughs in the interdisciplinary areas of systems and synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, and bioprocess engineering for renewable, cleaner sources of energy.
Environmental Biotechnology: A Biosystems Approach introduces a systems approach to environmental biotechnology and its applications to a range of environmental problems. A systems approach requires a basic understanding of four disciplines: environmental engineering, systems biology, environmental microbiology, and ecology. These disciplines are discussed in the context of their application to achieve specific environmental outcomes and to avoid problems in such applications. The book begins with a discussion of the background and historical context of contemporary issues in biotechnology. It then explains the scientific principles of environmental biotechnologies; environmental biochemodynamic processes; environmental risk assessment; and the reduction and management of biotechnological risks. It describes ways to address environmental problems caused or exacerbated by biotechnologies. It also emphasizes need for professionalism in environmental biotechnological enterprises. This book was designed to serve as a primary text for two full semesters of undergraduate study (e.g., Introduction to Environmental Biotechnology or Advanced Environmental Biotechnology). It will also be a resource text for a graduate-level seminar in environmental biotechnology (e.g., Environmental Implications of Biotechnology).
The bioseparation engineering of today includes downstream process engineering such as waste water, material and gas treatment. Taking this tendency into account, bioseparation engineers gathered in Japan as a special research group under the main theme of "Recovery and Recycle of Resources to Protect the Global Environment".The scope of this book is based on the conference, and deals not only with recent advances in bioseparation engineering in a narrow sence, but also the environmental engineering which includes waste water treatment and bioremediation. The contributors of this book cover many disciplines such as chemical engineering, analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and microbiology.Bioseparation Engineering will stimulate young engineers and scientists who will develop bioseparation engineering further in the 21st century, and contribute to a world-wide attention to the global environment
Environmental biotechnology is an emerging field of scientific and technological investigations that is truly global. Popular recognition is high for the environmental problems being faced and solved by biotechnology methods. This book presents selected papers from the 3rd International Symposium of the International Society for Environmental Biotechnology, held in Boston in July 1996. The following topics are covered: metals, mine drainage, removal and toxicity; waste treatment/monitoring; bioremediation; water quality; biodegradation; and local, national and international issues in biotechnology.
The increasing concern for odour abatement, and more generally for reduction of air pollution, has caused a rapid growth in the development of air pollution control techniques, several of which are based on biological degradation of the polluting compounds.This book presents a state-of-the-art overview of recent developments in biological techniques for air pollution control. It describes in detail processes for the prevention of odour nuisances and reduction of odour emissions. It also deals with process design and construction of equipment as well as with odour policy measurements at an international level.