Im Jahr 1906 beschrieb August von Wassermann eine Methode, mit der Antikörper gegen den Syphilis-Erreger im Blut nachgewiesen werden konnten. Der Begriff „Wassermann-positiv“ wurde bald ein Synonym für die Diagnose Syphilis. Das hat sich bis heute kaum geändert, obwohl für den serologischen Syphilis-Nachweis die „WaR“ durch moderne immunologische Verfahren ersetzt worden ist.Die Neuauflage der MiQ 16 Syphilis wurde notwendig, um der Weiterentwicklung der Testverfahren zur Labordiagnose der Syphilis Rechnung zu tragen. Dabei wurde die neueste AWMF-Leitlinie ""Diagnostik und Therapie der Syphilis"" der Deutschen STD-Gesellschaft berücksichtigt.
Unter Zoonosen versteht man man Krankheiten und Infektionen, die auf natürlichem Weg zwischen Wirbeltieren und Menschen übertragen werden. Bei den Zoonosen sind alle Gruppen von Infektionserregern vertreten: Bakterien, Viren, Prionen, Pilze und Parasiten. Man kennt heute über 200 Infektionen, die direkt oder indirekt vom Tier auf den Menschen übertragen werden und ihre Bedeutung ist in ständigem Zunehmen begriffen. Dies hat verschiedene Ursachen: Überbevölkerung, Kriege, geographische Veränderungen (Gewinnung neuen Lebensraums durch Abholzung, dadurch Kontakt zu früher verborgenen Erregern), Ausbreitung von HIV, globale Erwärmung, Tiertransporte und Abenteuer-Tourismus.Zoonose-Erreger treten zunehmend häufiger auf.Dieses MiQ-Heft soll die humanen Infektionen zusammenfassend beschreiben und die entscheidenden Aspekte der Beteiligung von Mensch und Tier an der humanen Erkrankung darstellen. Um eine Verdachtsdiagnose zu stellen, sind bei Zoonosen Kenntnisse zur Epidemiologie und Epizootie sowie über die meist komplizierten Infektionswege erforderlich. Darüber hinaus reicht eine Behandlung der infizierten Menschen nicht aus, sondern es müssen auch nach Möglichkeit die Infektionsquellen eliminiert werden. In diesem Heft liegt der Schwerpunkt auf in Deutschland vorkommende Zoonosen, bei denen jeweils ein kompaktes Bild der jeweiligen Infektion erstellt wird.
For many years, physicians and the public assumed that the discovery of new antimicrobial agents would outpace the ability of bacteria to mutate and develop drug resistance. Yet the development of new antibiotics has not kept up with bacterial evolution, especially since the late 1990’s. At that time a multitude of pharmaceutical companies abandoned antibiotic research because of strong economic disincentives. For example, it is challenging for these companies to recuperate the investment (typically in the hundreds of millions of dollars) made in developing a new antibiotic, which is typically prescribed for a few days, compared to drugs that treat chronic conditions like heart disease or mental illness. This situation has led the U.S. federal government to take a more active lead in addressing antibiotic resistance. Recently, the White House announced an action plan that includes improving surveillance, developing better diagnostic tools, accelerating drug development, and improving global coordination of antibiotic resistance issues. Equally important is the $1.2 billion dollars that has been pledged to fund these efforts. While we await the implementation of new policies, this issue of Infectious Disease Clinics of North America brings together leading authorities in the field of antibiotic resistance who discuss current issues including antibiotic stewardship, the changing role of the microbiology laboratory in determining antibiotic resistance in gram-negative pathogens, the continuing spread of metallo-β-lactamases, ESBLs and KPCs, antibiotic options for treating resistant gram-negative infections such as colistin and tigecycline, resistance mechanisms and new treatment options for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, emerging resistance mechanisms in aminoglycosides, issues with antibiotic resistance in immunocompromised patients, new β-lactamase inhibitors in the clinic, and resistance in VRE and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, combination therapy for resistant gram-negative infections has been advocated by some authorities and the advantages and disadvantages of this strategy will be reviewed.
There have been major advances in new therapies, diagnostic tools, and strategies for treatment and prevention of fungal infections. Despite these encouraging developments, large numbers of patients are at risk for infectious diseases, and the epidemiology of invasive mycoses continues to emerge. The diagnosis of these infections remains difficult, and treatment outcomes in highly immunosuppressed patients remain poor. Thus, this issue is devoted to state-of-the-art updates on fungal infections by internationally recognized authorities in this field. Some topics covered are Antifungal agents; State-of-the-art culture, identification, and resistance testing of fungal pathogens; Non-culture diagnostics in fungal disease; Contemporary strategies in the prevention and management of fungal infections; Invasive candidiasis; Invasive aspergillosis; Mucormycoses; and Cryptococcosis to name a few.
This issue of Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Mary Anne Jackson, MD and Angela Myers, MD, is Part II of a 2-part issue devoted to Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Drs. Jackson and Myers have assembled a group of expert authors to review the following topics: Measles 50 Years After Initiation of MMR Vaccine; Pertussis in the Era of New Strains; Promoting Vaccine Confidence; The Changing Epidemiology of Meningococcal Infection; Prevention of Influenza in Children; Rabies - Rare Human Infection, Common Questions; The Expanded Impact of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine; The Challenge of Global Poliomyelitis Eradication; The Eradication of Pediatric Rotavirus Infection; Approach to Immunization for the Traveling Child; and Status of Pneumococcal Infection in the US in the conjugate vaccine era.
Mandell, Douglas y Bennett Enfermedades infecciosas. Principios y práctica sigue siendo la referencia para guiar de forma global y exhaustiva el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de las enfermedades infecciosas más complejas. En este monográfico de Mandell, Douglas y Bennett Enfermedades infecciosas. Principios y práctica, se recoge todo el contenido relativo a las enfermedades infecciosas respiratorias y cardiovasculares ofreciendo la información más actualizada sobre el tema con la ayuda de numerosa iconografÃa en color de alta calidad que ilustra los signos clÃnicos de pacientes reales. En total se incluyen en este monográfico un total de 22 capÃtulos procedentes de la obra de referencia Mandell, Douglas y Bennett. Enfermedades Infecciosas. Principios y práctica. Obra dirigida a todos los especialistas involucraciones en la atención de pacientes con infecciones de origen respiratorio y cardiovascular, fundamentalmente internistas, neumólogos y cardiólogos.
Use best practices in effectively treating infections of the head, neck, and orofacial complex! Head, Neck, and Orofacial Infections: An Interdisciplinary Approach is the only resource on the market with in-depth guidelines to the diagnosis and management of pathology due to severe infections. No longer do you have to search through journal articles and websites, as this comprehensive, full-color reference covers both cutting-edge and time-tested approaches to recognizing and handling infections. From well-known OMS educator James Hupp and oral surgeon Elie Ferneini, and with chapters written by expert contributors, this book is ideal for use in the classroom, as preparation for the NBDE and specialty exams, and as a clinical resource for patient care.
This issue of Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Mary Anne Jackson, MD and Angela Myers, MD, is Part I of a 2-part issue devoted to Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Drs. Jackson and Myers have assembled a group of expert authors to review the following topics: Diagnosis and Management of Kawasaki Disease; Neonatal HSV Infection; Use of Newer Diagnostics for Pediatric Tuberculosis; Recognition and Prompt Treatment for Tick Borne Infections; Prevention of Recurrent Staphylococcal Skin Infections; Evaluation and Management of the Febrile Young Infant; New Horizons for Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship; Pitfalls in Diagnosis of Pediatric Clostridium Difficile Diarrhea; The Changing Epidemiology of Pediatric Endocarditis; Neonatal Parechovirus Infection; Osteoarticular infections in Children; and Pediatric CMV Disease.