
Ziegler-Natta Catalysts Polymerizations
- 1st Edition - January 28, 1979
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Author: John Jr. Boor
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 2 4 2 6 - 4
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 3 4 1 - 7
Ziegler-Natta Catalysts and Polymerizations reviews the general aspects of Ziegler-Natta catalysts and polymerizations of olefins, dienes, and many other types of monomers. Topics… Read more

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Request a sales quoteZiegler-Natta Catalysts and Polymerizations reviews the general aspects of Ziegler-Natta catalysts and polymerizations of olefins, dienes, and many other types of monomers. Topics covered include the physical state of the polymer during polymerization; modification of Ziegler-Natta catalysts by third components; and termination of polymer chain growth. The oxidation state of catalysts and active centers is also discussed, along with copolymerizations and block polymerizations. This book is comprised of 23 chapters and begins with an overview of Ziegler-Natta catalysts and polymerizations, their historical origins, scientific and commercial importance, and major advances in polymer science. The next chapter focuses on definitions and stereochemistry of Ziegler-Natta catalysts, together with analytical methods used to identify and quantitatively measure their structures. Some of the polymers produced commercially with Ziegler-Natta catalysts are considered. The discussion then turns to mechanisms for initiating and propagating olefins; mechanisms for stereochemical control of conjugated and nonconjugated dienes; and the basic kinetic parameters that characterize Ziegler-Natta polymerizations. This monograph is written especially for chemistry and engineering graduate students and for industrial chemists, engineers, and managers who may become involved in a Ziegler-Natta problem.
Foreword
Preface
John Boor, Jr. (1930-1974)
1 Highlights of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts and Polymerizations
I. Highlights
II. Collected Reviews
References
2 Genesis of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts
I. Scientific and Commercial Importance
II. Historical Origins
III. Anticipation of the Catalyst and Contemporary Discoveries
IV. The Golden Age of Polymer Science
References
3 Definitions, Stereochemistry, Experimental Methods, and Commercial Polymers
I. Introduction
II. Definition of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts
III. Stereochemical Structures of Polymers and Methods of Characterization
IV. Experimental Methods
V. Commercial Polymers
References
4 Chemical Description of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts for Olefins
I. Introduction
II. Factors Determining Behavior of Catalysts for Olefins
III. Some Important Classes of Catalysts for Olefins
IV. Conclusion
References
5 The Chemical Description of Catalysts for Conjugated Dienes
I. Introduction
II. Factors Determining Isomerism
III. Important Catalysts Identified for Specific Conjugated Dienes
IV. Conclusion
References
6 Initial Physical State of the Catalyst
I. Introduction
II. Importance of the Physical State of the Catalyst
III. Soluble Catalyst
IV. Colloidal Catalysts
V. Heterogenous Catalysis Including Supported Types
VI. Conclusion
References
7 Physical State of the Polymer during Polymerization
I. Introduction
II. The Solution Process
III. The Slurry Process
IV. Vapor Phase Process
V. Conclusion
References
8 Growth of the Polymer Particle
I. Introduction
II. Replication
III. Architecture of TiCl3 Particles
IV. How Does the Polymer Particle Grow?
V. Practical Importance
VI. Conclusion
References
9 Modification of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts by Third Components
I. Introduction
II. Discussion of Donors: Types of Third Components Added
III. Conclusion
References
10 Termination of Polymer Chain Growth
I. Introduction
II. Chain Termination by Organic and Inorganic Compounds
III. Chain Termination by Metal Alkyls
IV. Chain Termination by Molecular Hydrogen
V. Chain Termination by Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
VI. Chain Termination by Thermal Cleavage
VII. Chain Termination by Mechanical Forces
References
11 Oxidation State of Catalysts and Active Centers
I. Introduction
II. Catalysts Containing Selected Period 2 Transition Metal Salts
III. Conclusion
References
12 Metal Alkyl-Free Catalysts
I. Introduction
II. Phillips and Standard of Indiana Catalysts
III. Metal Alkyl-Free Catalysts Discovered after 1955
IV. Relationship to Ziegler-Natta Catalysts
References
13 Mechanisms for Initiation and Propagation of Olefins
I. Introduction
II. Nomenclature
III. Proposed Mechanisms
IV. Experimental Evidence
V. Conclusion
References
14 Mechanisms for Initiation and Propagation of Dienes
I. Introduction
II. Proposed Mechanisms
III. Experimental Evidence
IV. Conclusion
References
15 Mechanisms for Stereochemical Control of α-Olefins
I. Introduction
II. Mode of Addition
III. Isotactic Propagation
IV. Syndiotactic Propagation
V. Steric Purity of Isotactic and Syndiotactic Polypropylenes
VI. Conclusion
References
16 Mechanisms for Stereochemical Control of Conjugated and Nonconjugated Dienes
I. Introduction
II. Conjugated Dienes
III. Nonconjugated Dienes
IV. Conclusion
References
17 Mechanisms for Stereochemical Control of Stereoselective and Stereoelective Isotactic Propagations
I. Introduction
II. Stereoselection
III. Stereoelection
IV. Proposed Mechanisms
References
18 Kinetics
I. Introduction
II. Basic Kinetic Results
III. Proposed Kinetic Models and Schemes
IV. Operational Factors That Can Affect Kinetic Results
V. Growth of Polymer Chain and Particle
VI. Conclusion
References
19 Polymerization of Monomers
I. Introduction
II. Ethylene
III. 1-Olefins
IV. 1,1-Disubstituted Ethylene
V. 1,2-Disubstituted Ethylenes
VI. Cycloolefins
VII. Bicyclo[n.1.0]alkanes
VIII. Polar Monomers
IX. Allenes
X. Acetylenes
XI. Conjugated Cyclic and Acyclic Dienes
XII. Nonconjugated Acyclic and Cyclic Diolefins
References
20 Copolymerizations
I. Introduction
II. Copolymerization Equation and Nomenclature
III. Experimental Control over the Architecture of Copolymer Chains
IV. Copolymerizations of Selected Comonomer Pairs
V. Conclusion
References
21 Block Polymerizations
I. Introduction
II. Pioneering Work
III. Other Studies Aimed at Block Polymers
IV. Conclusion
References
22 Other uses of the Ziegler-Natta Catalyst
I. Introduction
II. Radical and Cationic Polymerizations
III. Metathesis of Acyclic and Cyclic Olefins
IV. Oligomerization of Olefins and Acetylenes
V. Isomerization of Olefins
VI. Hydrogenation of Olefins and Unsaturated Polymers
VII. Alkylation of Aromatic Nuclei by Unsaturated Systems
VIII. Examples of Other Competing Side Reactions
References
23 Final Comments and Outlook
Supplementary Bibliography
Subject Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 28, 1979
- Imprint: Academic Press
- No. of pages: 688
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780124124264
- eBook ISBN: 9780323143417
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