Wild Germplasm for Genetic Improvement in Crop Plants

1st Edition - March 10, 2021
Editors: Muhammad Tehseen Azhar, Shabir Hussain Wani
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 1 3 7 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 1 7 0 - 9

Wild Germplasm for Genetic Improvement in Crop Plants addresses the need for an integrated reference on a wide variety of crop plants, facilitating comparison and contrast,… Read more

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Wild Germplasm for Genetic Improvement in Crop Plants addresses the need for an integrated reference on a wide variety of crop plants, facilitating comparison and contrast, as well as providing relevant relationships for future research and development. The book presents the genetic and natural history value of wild relatives, covers what wild relatives exist, explores the existing knowledge regarding specific relatives and the research surrounding them and identifies knowledge gaps. As understanding the role of crop wild relatives in plant breeding expands the genetic pool for abiotic and biotic stress resistance, this is an ideal reference on this important topic.

Cover
Title page
Contents
Copyright
Contributors
About the editors
Foreword
Chapter 1: Introduction: Crop Wild Relatives in Plant Breeding
Abstract
1.1. Background
1.2. Potential of CWRs to meet food security challenges
1.3. Utilization of CWRs under climate changes scenarios
1.4. Crop wild relative derived genetic markers
1.5. Conservation background of plant genetic resources
Acknowledgments
Web references
Chapter 2: Wild Cotton Genepool: An Unopened Treasure
Abstract
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Evolution and domestication of cultivated Gossypium
2.3. Wild cotton species in Pakistan
2.4. Wild cotton species in China
2.5. Wild cotton species in India
2.6. Wild cotton species of America and Australia
2.7. Conclusion and future prospects
Acknowledgments
Chapter 3: Wheat Wild Germplasm: A Hidden Treasure
Abstract
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Breeding for disease resistance in wheat
3.3. Breeding for insect resistance
3.4. Breeding for drought tolerance
3.5. Breeding for heat tolerance
3.6. Breeding for quality traits
Chapter 4: Emerging Avenues for the Exploitation of Wild Relatives of Rice in Plant Breeding
Abstract
4.1. Setting the scene; what is wild germplasm
4.2. The value of wild germplasm
4.3. Genus Oryza and its importance
4.4. The barrier in using rice wild germplasm
4.5. Evolving avenues for the use of wild rice germplasm
4.6. Conclusion
Chapter 5: Maize Genetic Resources and Pre-Breeding
Abstract
5.1. Maize genetic resources
5.2. Demands and structure of maize breeding programs
5.3. Integration between genetic resources and breeding
5.4. Evaluation of the variability maintained in maize GB
5.5. Development of elite populations
5.6. Maize pre-breeding programs
5.7. Concluding considerations
Chapter 6: Utilization of Wild Ancestors for Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Barley
Abstract
6.1. Significance of wild germplasm
6.2. Barley origin and distribution
6.3. Genetic diversity of wild barley
6.4. Environmental adaptation of wild barley
6.5. Biotic stress resistance
6.6. Abiotic stress tolerance
6.7. Conclusion
Chapter 7: Effects of Natural Variations on Biofortification
Abstract
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Biofortification
7.3. Agronomic biofortification
7.4. Genetic biofortification
7.5. Importance of natural variation in the development of new traits
7.6. The exploitation of natural variations in Arabidopsis gene pool
7.7. Genetic diversity in Arabidopsis regarding micronutrient quantity
7.8. Genetic diversity in crop species regarding micronutrient quantity
7.9. Conclusion and future prospects
Chapter 8: Untapped Soybeans: A Genetic Reservoir for its Improvement
Abstract
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Origin and domestication
8.3. Wild and cultivated species
8.4. Gene pool and germplasm conservation
8.5. Stress resistance
8.6. Miscellaneous traits
8.7. Prospects and limitations
Chapter 9: Wild Sunflowers: The Primary Genetic Resource for Sunflower Breeding
Abstract
9.1. Sunflower and Helianthus genus genetic diversity
9.2. Genetic improvements utilizing from sunflower germplasm
9.3. Morphological traits
9.4. Biology and phenology of the sunflower plants
9.5. Yield traits
9.6. Other agronomic traits
9.7. Disease resistance
9.8. Broomrape parasitic resistance
9.9. Insect resistance
9.10. Herbicide resistance
9.11. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization
9.12. Future directions
Chapter 10: Brassicas: A Complete Guide to the Potential of Their Wild Relatives
Abstract
10.1. Introduction of the genus
10.2. Importance
10.3. Taxonomy
10.4. Wild Brassicas
10.5. Wild Brassicas history
10.6. History of Nagaharu U triangle
10.7. Genome A
10.8. Genome B
10.9. Genome C
10.10. Diversity of amphidiploids of U-triangle
10.11. Morphology and physiology of wild and cultivated Brassicas
10.12. Historical findings of comparative taxonomy of Brassicas in different eras
10.13. Conservation of wild Brassicas
10.14. Ex situ
10.15. In situ
10.16. Conclusion
Chapter 11: Wild Germplasm: Shaping Future Tomato Breeding
Abstract
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Wild germplasm of tomato
11.3. Evolution and taxonomy
11.4. Evaluation and utilization of genetic resources
11.5. Variation and its use in future
11.6. Genetic stock and mutants
11.7. Conclusion
Chapter 12: Wild Potatoes: A Genetic Reservoir for Potato Breeding
Abstract
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Current and potential uses of wild potatoes for breeding
12.3. Hurdles to be overcome
12.4. Future of wild potatoes in breeding
Chapter 13: Wild Relatives of Sweetpotato; Distribution and Prospectus for Crop Improvement
Abstract
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Domestication and dispersal of sweetpotato
13.3. Compatibility groups among wild relatives of sweetpotato
13.4. Wild relatives and origin of sweetpotato
13.5. Distribution of sweetpotato across the globe
13.6. Prospectus for crop improvement
Chapter 14: Generation of New Landraces of Forage Species: Red Fescue and Clover
Abstract
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Changing climate
14.3. New generation landraces of forages
14.4. Conclusion
Chapter 15: Chickpea Wild Relatives: Potential Hidden Source for the Development of Climate Resilient Chickpea Varieties
Abstract
15.1. Introduction
15.2. The genus Cicer L.
15.3. Effect of climate changes on chickpea
Acknowledgment
Chapter 16: Mungbean Wild Genetic Resource: A Potential Source of Genetic Improvement for Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance
Abstract
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Biotic stresses
16.3. Abiotic stress
16.4. Future outlook
Chapter 17: Lentil Wild Genetic Resource: A Potential Source of Genetic Improvement for Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance
Abstract
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Wild genetic resources
17.3. Wild genetic resources for utilization in breeding for resistance to biotic stresses
17.4. Utilization of wild relative in breeding for tolerance to abiotic stresses
17.5. Breeding constraints in developing stress resilient lentil by using wild resources
17.6. Strategies to overcome breeding constraints
17.7. Conclusion and future prospects
Chapter 18: Wild Relatives and Modern Plant Breeding Technologies
Abstract
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Plant breeding and food security
18.3. Domestication of wild relative species
18.4. New plant breeding techniques (NPBT)
18.5. Utilizing crop wild relatives
18.6. Challenges and opportunities
Index

Muhammad Tehseen Azhar

Dr. Muhammad Tehseen Azhar is working as Associate Professor at the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan, where his primary responsibility is teaching to graduate and post-graduate classes. Besides, his focus is screening and development of segregating population resulting in the development of several bulks of cotton with more yield and fibre traits. Dr Azhar has specific interest in the development of cotton germplasm having tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. These advanced strains of cotton have showed good performance for yield of cotton in national traits and those genotypes are suitable for cultivation in high temperature and water stress conditions. Being a Borlaug Alumnus, he worked with various cotton geneticists namely, Dr Richard Percy, Dr Lori L. Hinze and Dr Jame Frelichowsk at Texas A&M University and USDA-ARS, USA. Dr Azhar has completed various research projects funded by Higher Education Commission, Pakistan; CAS-PARB and Cooperation Organization Partnership for Science and Technology, China. Besides, Dr Azhar is Endeavour Alumnus and appointed as Adjunct Lecturer at the School of Plant Biology, UWA. Recently he is appointed as Adjunct Associate Professor, School of Agriculture Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. Due to his consistency Dr Azhar is appointed as a Chair (20219-2021) of Germplam and Genetic Stock in International Cotton Genome Initiative (ICGI). He is winner of ASIA Young Scientist Innovation Gold Medal-2023 from International Cotton Researchers Association (ICRA), a sub-committee of International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), Washington.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Shabir Hussain Wani

Shabir Hussain Wani is Scientist cum Assistant Professor at Shere-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir where his research focuses on plant breeding and genetics/plant biotechnology. Included among his awards are: Fellow of the Linnean Society of London-2017 YOUNG SCIENTIST Award (2017), Indian Ecological Society Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana. Young Scientist of the Year 2016, International foundation for Environment and Ecology Kolkata India. YOUNG ACHIEVER AWARD – 2016, Society for Advancement of Human and Nature (SADHNA) YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry YOUNG SCIENTIST Award (2015), Society for Plant Research, Meerut, India YOUNG SCIENTIST Award (2009), Society for Promotion of Plant Science Research. Jaipur National University, Jaipur. FELLOW OF SOCIETY FOR PLANT RESEARCH AWARD – 2011-12

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor Senior Scale, Mountain Research Canter for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, J&K, India

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

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