Wastewater Treatment Reactors

Microbial Community Structure

1st Edition - May 12, 2021
Editors: Maulin P. Shah, Susana Rodriguez-Couto
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 9 9 1 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 2 4 4 - 5

Wastewater Treatment Reactors: Microbial Community Structure analyzes microbial community structure in relation to changes in physico-chemical parameters, the gene content (… Read more

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Wastewater Treatment Reactors: Microbial Community Structure analyzes microbial community structure in relation to changes in physico-chemical parameters, the gene content (metagenome) or gene expression (metatranscriptome) of microbial communities in relation to changes in physico-chemical parameters, physiological aspects of microbial communities, enrichment cultures or pure cultures of key species in relation to changes in physico-chemical parameters, and modeling of potential consequences of changes in microbial community structure or function for higher trophic levels in a given habitat.

As several studies have been carried out to understand bulking phenomena and the importance of environmental factors on sludge settling characteristics, which are thought to be strongly influenced by flocculation, sludge bulking, foaming and rising, this book is an ideal resource on the topics covered.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
1. Strategic approach for enhanced biological phosphate removal process
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Phosphorus: removal strategy
1.3 Characterizing bacterial community
1.4 Conclusion
References
2. Removal of pollutants from wastewater via biological methods and shifts in microbial community profile during treatment process
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Organic and Inorganic contaminants present in wastewater
2.3 Bacterial community dynamics during the wastewater treatment process
2.4 Techniques for microbial community analysis
2.5 Conclusions and future prospect
Acknowledgments
References
3. Nitrogen removal bacterial communities characteristics and dynamics at lab-scale reactors
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Morphological forms of nitrogen removal bacteria communities in wastewater treatment systems
3.3 Nitrogen removal bacteria characteristics
3.4 Technological parameters influencing particular bacterial groups
3.5 Examples of nitrogen removal community structure in various wastewater systems
3.6 Summary
References
4. Role of the microbial community in the anaerobic digester for biomethane production
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Biogas characteristics
4.3 Feedstock
4.4 Operational factors
4.5 Microbial characteristics of anaerobic digestion
4.6 Biochemistry of biomethane production
4.7 Applications of biogas
4.8 Summary and future prospects
Acknowledgment
Declaration of competing interest
References
5. Microbial diversity, interactions and biodegradation of hazardous textile wastewater using biological consortium technology
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Types of textile dyes
5.3 Azo dyes
5.4 Anthraquinone dyes
5.5 Indigoid dyes
5.6 Sulfur dyes
5.7 Phthalocyanine dyes
5.8 How dyes are affecting ecosystem and health?
5.9 Remediation of dye effluent
5.10 Consortium: an effective remedial strategy
5.11 Fungi–bacteria consortia
5.12 Microalgal consortia
5.13 Fungi–microalgae consortia
5.14 Fungi–plant consortia
5.15 Conclusion
Conflict of interest
References
6. An overview of theoretical and experimental approach to study environmental microflora
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 A brief overview of theoretical models
6.3 Proposed models used to understand the microbial communities
6.4 What is metagenomics
6.5 Experimental model/Metagenomic study
6.6 Collaboration of metagenomics with omics
6.7 Integration of theoretical and experimental approach: limitations and future prospect
6.8 Conclusion
Conflict of interest
References
7. Microbial communities within biological wastewater treatment reactors
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Description of wastewater treatment (WWT) reactors and samples
7.3 DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and illumina sequencing
7.4 Application of PhyloChip
7.5 Quantitative analysis of microbial communities
7.6 Bacterial community composition
7.7 Inflow versus effluent samples and dominant OTUs
7.8 Identification of microbial communities 16S rRNA gene sequencing
7.9 Future perspective
7.10 Conclusion and recommendations
Acronyms
References
8. Metagenomics: A field revealing the secrets of the microbial world of wastewater treatment plants
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Sources of wastewater and microbial diversity
8.3 Conventional methods used for their gene sequencing and characteristics
8.4 Metagenomics as effective tool over conventional methods
8.5 Approaches in metagenomics
8.6 Instances of effective isolation of microbes using metagenomics and their applications
8.7 Advantages of characterization of microbes using metagenomics
8.8 Challenges in metagenomics
8.9 Conclusion
References
9. Metagenomics: a powerful lens viewing the microbial world
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Application of metagenomics to solve the problems of humanity
9.3 Historical development and progression in the field of metagenomics
9.4 Metagenomics: steps, tools, and techniques used for sequencing
9.5 Challenges to overcome
9.6 Way forward
References
Further reading
10. Environmental parameters affecting the anaerobic microbial community
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Biochemistry of AD
10.3 Microbial community in AD
10.4 The influence of different operating conditions on AD microbial community
10.5 Concluding remarks and outlook
Acknowledgments
References
11. Molecular techniques used to identify perfluorooctanoic acid degrading microbes and their application in a wastewater treatment reactor/plant
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Physicochemical properties of PFOA
11.3 Synthesis and applications of PFOA
11.4 Environmental and health concerns of PFOA
11.5 Sources of PFOA in wastewaters
11.6 Chemical and biological treatment of PFOA
11.7 PFOA in wastewater treatment performance
11.8 Molecular techniques used to identify PFOA-degrading microorganisms and their potential applications in wastewater treatment reactor
11.9 Future prospective
11.10 Conclusion
References
12. Enhanced biological phosphate removal process for wastewater treatment: a sustainable approach
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Methods for wastewater treatment
12.3 Development of biological phosphate removal processes
12.4 What is EBPR?
12.5 Principles of EBPR reactor
12.6 Mechanism of EBPR
12.7 Microbes involved in EBPR
12.8 Important parameters for a successful EBPR system
12.9 Strategic approaches for EBPR characterization
12.10 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
13. Modeling microbial communities: consensus among experimentalist and theorist
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Biosorption
13.3 Bioaccumulation
13.4 Biodegradation
13.5 Inter- and intraspecific competition models
13.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
14. Metagenomics: A powerful lens viewing the microbial world
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Molecular techniques to gain insights into the composition of “Epiplastic” communities
14.3 Metagenomics: A genomic drift
14.4 Different metagenomics applications
14.5 Challenges and prospects
14.6 Conclusion
References
15. Microbial diversity, interactions, and biodegradation/biotransformation of organic and inorganic contaminants
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Biofilm
15.3 Organic and inorganic contaminants
15.4 Interaction of microbes and contaminants
15.5 Biodegradation and biotransformation of contaminants in microbes
15.6 Propositions for future research
References
16. Microbial community diversity in a wastewater treatment plant
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Metaproteomics versus metabolomics
16.3 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
17. Molecular biology techniques for the identification of microbial community in wastewater treatment reactors
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Conventional microbiological techniques
17.3 Molecular biology techniques and their applications in analyzing microbial
17.4 Conclusion
References
18. Aerobic sludge granulation and enhanced dicamba removal efficiency in the presence of AQS redox mediator in a lab-scale anaerobic–aerobic treatment method
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Materials and methods
18.3 Anaerobic biotransformation of dicamba
18.4 Conclusions
References
19. Unraveling microbial complexities via metagenomic approach: Expanding cross-talk for environment management and prospecting
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Microbial contaminants and their sources
19.3 Bioinformatics tools encompassing the world of microbial bioprospecting
19.4 Molecular docking
19.5 Pharmacophore modeling
19.6 Conclusion
References
Further reading
20. Metagenomics: A computational approach in emergence of novel applications
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Sequencing technologies suitable for metagenomics
20.3 Phylogenetics and modeling gene flow in microbes
20.4 Metagenomics and microbial community profiling
20.5 Software used in metagenomic analysis
20.6 Computational and statistical tools for metagenomic studies
20.7 Applications of computational metagenomics
20.8 Current challenges and future perspectives of metagenomics
20.9 Conclusion
References
21. Microbial community analysis of wastewater during blackwater treatment
Abstract
21.1 Introduction to domestic wastewater and blackwater
21.2 Molecular detection technique for microbial determination
21.3 Microbial kinetics
21.4 Microbiology of different treatment methods and community structure
21.5 Conclusions
References
22. Molecular biological techniques used in environmental engineering: current prospects and challenges
Abstract
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Analysis of molecular biological techniques to the field of microorganism in environmental engineering
22.3 Applications of molecular biological techniques to the field of microorganism in environmental engineering
22.4 Conclusion
References
23. Removal of heavy metals by microbial communities
Abstract
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Arsenic
23.3 Cadmium
23.4 Chromium
23.5 Cobalt
23.6 Copper
23.7 Iron
23.8 Lead
23.9 Manganese
23.10 Genes and enzymes in metal removal
23.11 Conclusions and future perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
24. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes profile in wastewater treatment plants by using genomic approaches
Abstract
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Metagenomic approaches for ARG detection
24.3 Application of integrons for ARGs detection in WWTPs
24.4 Beta-lactam resistance genes in WWTPs
24.5 Macrolide resistance genes in WWTPs
24.6 Quinolone resistance genes in WWTPs
24.7 Sulfonamide and trimethoprim resistance genes in WWTPs
24.8 Tetracycline resistance genes in WWTPs
24.9 WWTPs as potential source for ARBs
24.10 Effect of different treatment processes ARGs and ARBs
24.11 Conclusion and future plan
References
25. Bacterial community structure, composition and their role in biological wastewater treatment reactors plants
Abstract
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Biological wastewater treatment system
25.3 Microbial community composition in biological wastewater reactor
25.4 Bacterial community composition and diversity
25.5 Conclusion
References
Index

Maulin P. Shah

Dr. Maulin P. Shah is an active researcher and microbial biotechnologist with diverse research interest. His primary interest is the environment, the quality of our living resources and the ways that bacteria can help to manage and degrade toxic wastes and restore environmental health. Consequently, His work has been focused to assess the impact of industrial pollution on microbial diversity of wastewater following cultivation dependant and cultivation independent analysis.

Affiliations and expertise

Environmental Microbiology Consultant, Gujarat, India

Susana Rodriguez-Couto

Susana Rodríguez-Couto (female) got her B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Chemistry (Industrial Chemistry) from the University of Santiago de Compostela in 1992 and her Ph.D. in Chemistry in 1999 from the University of Vigo, obtaining the maximal grade (magna cum laude) and, in addition, she was awarded with the Extraordinary Prize for Doctoral Thesis in Chemistry. She worked as an Associate Professor and an Isidro Parga Pondal Senior Researcher at the University of Vigo (2000-2004), as a Ramón y Cajal Senior Researcher at Rovira i Virgili University (2004-2008) and as an Ikerbasque Research Professor (2009-2019). She has also worked as an Invited Researcher at the Institute from Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology (Austria) and at the Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho (Portugal). In 2008, she received the I3 Professor from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education to the recognition of an outstanding research activity. In March 2021 she is joining LUT School of Engineering Science at Mikkeli, Finland, as a Full Professor in biological water treatment. She has published more than 140 articles in highly reputed international journals (h index 42). She is editor of several journals (3Biotech, Frontiers) and 14 Elsevier books.

Affiliations and expertise

Full Professor (Biological Water Treatment), Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Finland

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health