ROBOTICS & AUTOMATION
Empowering Progress
Up to 25% off Essentials Robotics and Automation titles
Waste Treatment
Proceedings of the Second Symposium on the Treatment of Waste Waters
- 1st Edition - October 22, 2013
- Editor: Peter C. G. Isaac
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 1 9 8 2 - 3
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 5 2 2 4 - 0
Waste Treatment contains the proceedings of the Second Symposium on the Treatment of Waste Waters, held on September 14-19, 1959 and organized by the Public Health Engineering… Read more
Purchase options
Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect
Request a sales quoteWaste Treatment contains the proceedings of the Second Symposium on the Treatment of Waste Waters, held on September 14-19, 1959 and organized by the Public Health Engineering Section of the Department of Civil Engineering of King's College at the University of Durham in the UK. The papers explore the theory and practice of wastewater treatment, with emphasis on biological treatment and the disposal of solids removed from liquid wastes. This book is comprised of 21 chapters and begins with a discussion on the biochemistry of aerobic treatment of organic waste and the biochemistry of anaerobic digestion. The next chapter deals with the ecology of activated sludge and bacteria beds and examines the factors determining the character and dominant organisms of a sludge. The reader is methodically introduced to the use of manometric methods in the study of sewage and trade wastes; biological oxidation systems for industrial waste treatment; application of recirculation to the purification of sewage and trade wastes; and treatment of distillery and antibiotics wastes. The effects of liquid wastes on receiving waters are also considered, along with the principles of vacuum filtration and their application to sludge-drying problems. The final chapter focuses on the reclamation of water from domestic and industrial wastes. This monograph will be a useful resource for policymakers and practitioners in the field of public health.
Editorial
Acknowledgments
Introductory
Some Aspects of the Biochemistry of Aerobic Organic Waste Treatment
Compounds which are Metabolized
Enzymes
Coenzymes and Activators
The Concept of Energy in Biological Systems
Dehydrogenation and Respiration
The Metabolism of Organic Compounds
Waste Treatment
Conclusions
References
Some Aspects of the Biochemistry of Anaerobic Digestion
Liquefaction and Gasification
Practical Aspects of Sludge Digestion
Recent Research into the Rate of Sludge Digestion
Conclusions
References
Discussion of First Two Papers
Ecology of Activated Sludge and Bacteria Beds
Comparison of Activated-Sludge and Bacteria-Bed Environments
Activated Sludge
Interrelationships of the Different Populations in the Sludge Community and Their Environment
Factors Determining the Character and Dominant Organisms of a Sludge
Bacteria Beds
Organisms of the Film
Factors Determining the Accumulation of Film
Grazing Fauna
Factors Determining the Nature of the Grazing-Fauna Population
Factors Influencing the Film-Grazing-Fauna Balance
Practical Applications of Ecological Principles to the Design and Operation of Biological Treatment Plants
References
Discussion
The Use of Manometric Methods in the Study of Sewage and Trade Wastes
Respirometers
Conclusion
References
Discussion
Biological Treatment Practice
New Developments in the Application of Kessener Brushes (Aeration Rotors) in the Activated-Sludge Treatment of Trade-Waste Waters
Investigations on the Aeration of Water
Research on the Rate of Oxidation in an Activated-Sludge Tank
Research on Simplified Sewage Purification for Comparatively Small Amounts of Sewage and Industrial Wastes
References
Discussion
Process Design of Biological Oxidation Systems for Industrial Waste Treatment
BOD Removal and Sludge Growth
Oxygen Utilization
Sludge Production and Oxidation
Nutritional Requirements
Oxygen Transfer
Separation of Solids from Liquids
Design Example
References
Discussion
The Application of Recirculation to the Purification of Sewage and Trade Wastes
Application to Purification of Sewage—Development of the Process
Pseudo-Recirculation
The Technique of Applying Recirculation
The Mechanism of the Process
Application to Purification of Trade Wastes
Acknowledgments
References
Discussion
The Treatment of Chemical Wastes
Definition of the Problem
Principles of Biological Treatment
Application of Basic Principles
Concentration Limits for Discharge to the River
New Biological Treatment Plant
The Monsanto Treatment Plant
Acknowledgment
References
Discussion
The Treatment of Distillery and Antibiotics Wastes
Potable Spirits
Industrial Alcohol
Antibiotics and Vitamins
Summary and Conclusions
References
Discussion
Sampling and Analysis
The Relevance of Waste-Water Analysis to the Design of Process and Pretreatment Plant
Trade Effluent at Design Stage
Effluent from Production Plant
Effluent Disposal to River or Sewer
Effluent Pretreatment
Effluent Analysis
Research on Disposal of Trade Effluent
Conclusion
References
Analytical Tests in Relation to the Discharge of Trade Effluents to Sewers
Typical Tests and Their Application
Pretreatment Required to Render Trade Effluents Acceptable into Sewers
Reduction in Volume of Trade Effluent
Pretreatment Processes
Control of Trade Effluent Discharges to Sewers
Typical Methods of Charging for Trade Effluents
References
The Effects of Liquid Wastes on Receiving Waters
The Legal Position
Natural Stream-Water
Domestic Sewage
Trade-Waste Waters
Mine-Waters, Drainage from Colliery Spoil Heaps and Coal-Stocking Grounds
Toxicity Problems Arising in Rural Areas
Estuarine Pollution
Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Discussion of the Three Preceeding Papers
The Self-Purification of Streams and the Relationship between Chemical and Biological Tests
The Physical Factors—Temperature
The Chemical Factors—Oxygen
Experimental Study of Reoxygenation of Pure Running Water
Experimental Study of the Reoxygenation of Polluted Running Water
Significance of Loss of Nitrogen during Self-Purification
Rapid Colorimetric Tests for Nitrogen
Correlation between Biological Analysis and Physical and Chemical Analyses of Waters Polluted by Organic Substances
The River Geer—Seasonal Pollution
Research on Fish Toxicity
Efficiency of Treatment Process
Relationship between Analysis and the Toxicological Assay
References
Discussion
Sludge Treatment
Principles of Vacuum Filtration and Their Application to Sludge-Drying Problems
Carman's Theory
Experimental Method
Application to Conditioning Treatment
Use of Specific Resistance in Predicting Yields on Large Filters
Use of Specific-Resistance Measurements in Research
References
Discussion
Sludge Filtration and Drying
Sludge Production
Nature and Composition of Sewage Sludges
Preliminary Processes
Methods of Filtration
Filter-Pressing
Vacuum Filtration
Disposal of Filter Cake
Costs
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Discussion
Composting
Fermentation
Mass Composting
Segregation
Preparation of Compostable Materials
The Use of Sewage Sludge
Batch Composting
Multi-Stage Composting in Vertical Silos
Continuous Composting (Dano Process)
Economic Considerations
References
Discussion
The Practice of Sludge Digestion
Sludge Digestion
Effect of Temperature
Seeding and Mixing
Water Content of Sludge
Gas Production and Utilization
Tank Capacity and Design Factors
Laboratory Tests Used in Control
Effect of Toxic Substances
Accelerated Processes
Anaerobic Treatment of Industrial Wastes
References
Discussion
Waste Treatment: Particular Industries
The Origin, Treatment and Disposal of Effluents in the Food Canning and Freezing Industries
Nature and Quantity of Wastes
Screening
Pretreatment of Wastes
Full Treatment
Spray-Disposal
Re-Use of Water
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Discussion
The Application of Biological Processes to the Treatment of Liquid Tannery Effluent
Constitution of Tannery Effluent
The Influence of Lime
Influence of Caustic Alkalinity
Influence of Sulphide
Influence of Vegetable Tannins
Influence of Trivalent Chromium Salts
Influence of Minor Constituents
Conclusion
References
Discussion
Treatment of Waste Waters from Milk-Products Factories
Character and Quantity of Waste Waters
Reducing the Strength of the Waste
Balancing of Flow and Composition
Removal of Suspended Matter
Use of Coagulants
Aerobic Biological Treatment
Biological Filtration Processes
Aeration Processes
Anaerobic Treatment
Disposal of Sludges
Discharge of Waste Waters to a Sewer
Summary
Acknowledgment
References
Discussion
Reclamation
Reclamation of Water from Domestic and Industrial Wastes
What is Waste water Reclamation
Limiting Factors
Use of Reclaimed Water
Methods of Reclamation
Summary
References
Discussion
Appendices
1. The Separation and Composting Plant at the Craigmillar Refuse-Disposal Works of the City of Edinburgh
2. List of Lecturers, Participants, etc
Author Index
Subject Index
- No. of pages: 490
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: October 22, 2013
- Imprint: Pergamon
- Paperback ISBN: 9781483119823
- eBook ISBN: 9781483152240
Read Waste Treatment on ScienceDirect